{"id":127,"date":"2020-09-21T09:44:19","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T12:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/?page_id=127"},"modified":"2025-06-02T09:30:02","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T12:30:02","slug":"publicacoes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips\/?page_id=127","title":{"rendered":"Publica\u00e7\u00f5es"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/a><\/form>\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n
\r\n

2025<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Brites, Carlos; Luz, Estela; Stelitano, Cristiani; Bahia, Fabianna; de Lacerda, Marcus Vin\u00edcius Guimar\u00e3es; Ramalho, Aline; Cardoso, Sandra Wagner; Madruga, Valdez; Reuter, T\u00e2nia; Barbosa, Alexandre Naime; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Bay, Monica Baumgardt; Newman, T\u00e2mara; Morejon, Karen; Patelli, Maria; Leal, F\u00e1bio; Sprinz, Eduardo; Murray-Krezan, Cristina; Carmody, Mary; Anderson, Jess; Aragon, Alejandro; Chase, Benjamin; Roberto Zajdenverg AND, Bryn Jones; Dutra, Fatima; Page, Kimberly<\/p>

Clinical outcomes of dolutegravir treatment in people living with HIV in Brazil: protocol for the CODE cohort<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>BMC Infect Dis, <\/span>vol. 25, <\/span>iss. 1, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1248, <\/span>pp. 1-9, <\/span>2025<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Brites2025,
\r\ntitle = {Clinical outcomes of dolutegravir treatment in people living with HIV in Brazil: protocol for the CODE cohort},
\r\nauthor = {Carlos Brites AND Estela Luz AND Cristiani Stelitano AND Fabianna Bahia AND Marcus Vin\u00edcius Guimar\u00e3es de Lacerda AND Aline Ramalho AND Sandra Wagner Cardoso AND Valdez Madruga AND T\u00e2nia Reuter AND Alexandre Naime Barbosa AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Monica Baumgardt Bay AND T\u00e2mara Newman AND Karen Morejon AND Maria Patelli AND F\u00e1bio Leal AND Eduardo Sprinz AND Cristina Murray-Krezan AND Mary Carmody AND Jess Anderson AND Alejandro Aragon AND Benjamin Chase AND Roberto Zajdenverg AND, Bryn Jones AND Fatima Dutra AND Kimberly Page},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-025-11700-0},
\r\ndoi = {https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-025-11700-0},
\r\nyear  = {2025},
\r\ndate = {2025-10-08},
\r\nurldate = {2025-10-08},
\r\njournal = {BMC Infect Dis},
\r\nvolume = {25},
\r\nnumber = {1248},
\r\nissue = {1},
\r\npages = {1-9},
\r\nabstract = {The Clinical Outcomes of Dolutegravir Treatment in People Living with HIV in Brazil (CODE) cohort study is a multicenter, prospective, observational study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV across diverse settings in Brazil. With the recent global shift towards DTG as a preferred option for first-line ART, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, there is vital need for comprehensive real-world data to inform its widespread use. CODE aims to fill this 
\r\nknowledge gap by assessing the clinical outcomes of both ART-na\u00efve and ART-experienced patients initiating DTG-based regimens, as well as those who have switched from non-DTG-based ART. The primary objective of this study is to determine the proportion of patients who discontinue DTG due to any adverse events, specifically focusing on metabolic and psychiatric outcomes. Secondary objectives include evaluating the rates of virological suppression, the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), changes in body mass index (BMI), and the development of HIV drug resistance. The CODE cohort will enroll approximately 5000 participants from multiple clinical sites across Brazil, including 2500 ART-na\u00efve individuals, 1000 patients switching to DTG-based regimens
\r\nfor various reasons, and a comparator group of 1500 individuals who initiated non-DTG-based ART between 2013 and 2016, before DTG was available in the country. Participants will be followed for up to 36 months, with data collection points at baseline, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. This study is expected to generate critical insights into the long-term outcomes associated with DTG-based ART, particularly in real-world settings that reflect the complexities of routine clinical care. By providing robust data on the effectiveness and safety of DTG in a diverse patient population, the CODE study aims to contribute to the optimization of HIV treatment strategies both in Brazil and globally.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
The Clinical Outcomes of Dolutegravir Treatment in People Living with HIV in Brazil (CODE) cohort study is a multicenter, prospective, observational study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV across diverse settings in Brazil. With the recent global shift towards DTG as a preferred option for first-line ART, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, there is vital need for comprehensive real-world data to inform its widespread use. CODE aims to fill this 
\r\nknowledge gap by assessing the clinical outcomes of both ART-na\u00efve and ART-experienced patients initiating DTG-based regimens, as well as those who have switched from non-DTG-based ART. The primary objective of this study is to determine the proportion of patients who discontinue DTG due to any adverse events, specifically focusing on metabolic and psychiatric outcomes. Secondary objectives include evaluating the rates of virological suppression, the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), changes in body mass index (BMI), and the development of HIV drug resistance. The CODE cohort will enroll approximately 5000 participants from multiple clinical sites across Brazil, including 2500 ART-na\u00efve individuals, 1000 patients switching to DTG-based regimens
\r\nfor various reasons, and a comparator group of 1500 individuals who initiated non-DTG-based ART between 2013 and 2016, before DTG was available in the country. Participants will be followed for up to 36 months, with data collection points at baseline, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. This study is expected to generate critical insights into the long-term outcomes associated with DTG-based ART, particularly in real-world settings that reflect the complexities of routine clinical care. By providing robust data on the effectiveness and safety of DTG in a diverse patient population, the CODE study aims to contribute to the optimization of HIV treatment strategies both in Brazil and globally.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2023<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Adami, Aline De Gregori; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes; Rahmi, Rosa Maria<\/p>

Adequacy of prenatal care and associated factors in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Rev Saude P\u00fablica, <\/span>vol. eCollection 2023, <\/span>n\u00e3o 57:68, <\/span>2023<\/span>, ISBN: 1518-8787<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Rahmi2023,
\r\ntitle = {Adequacy of prenatal care and associated factors in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Aline De Gregori Adami AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira AND Rosa Maria Rahmi
\r\n},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-89102023000100257&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en},
\r\ndoi = {10.11606\/s1518-8787.2023057005146},
\r\nisbn = {1518-8787},
\r\nyear  = {2023},
\r\ndate = {2023-09-14},
\r\nurldate = {2023-09-14},
\r\njournal = {Rev Saude P\u00fablica},
\r\nvolume = {eCollection 2023},
\r\nnumber = {57:68},
\r\nabstract = {Objective: This study aims to assess the degree of adequacy of prenatal care (PNC) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and in its 7 macro-regions considering the time of PNC initiation and the number of appointments attended. It also aims to verify the mode of delivery prevalence and the factors associated with PNC adequacy by mode of delivery.
\r\n
\r\nMethods: Sub analysis from a cross-sectional study conducted among 13,432 childbearing women aged 15-49 years assisted in 66 maternity hospitals of the Unified Health System (SUS) and private associated facilities from September 2017 to October 2019. A standardized form was used to collect sociodemographic data, and information about PNC and delivery from the childbearing women's prenatal cards, hospital records, and medical reports.
\r\n
\r\nResults: The PNC coverage was (98.4%), but only 57.5% of the participants had an adequate PNC defined as the one initiated until the 12th gestational week, with attendance of at least 6 appointments. The cesarean rate was 57.2%. Among women who performed vaginal delivery, multivariate analysis showed that for each 1-year increase in the age of the parturient, the chance of having an adequate PNC increased by 5%. White parturients with higher education and fewer deliveries residing in the macro-region of Valleys were more likely to have an adequate PNC when compared with non-white parturients, who were illiterate and\/or had incomplete elementary school, with 3 or more deliveries and who resided in other macro-regions. During pregnancy, 96.0% of the women performed at least one anti-HIV test, 55.8% a rapid test for syphilis, and 75.0% a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL).
\r\n
\r\nConclusions: Despite the almost universal PNC coverage in RS, the PNC offered by the SUS was adequate for just half of the population, therefore public health policies targeted at women receiving care in this setting shall be revisited.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Objective: This study aims to assess the degree of adequacy of prenatal care (PNC) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and in its 7 macro-regions considering the time of PNC initiation and the number of appointments attended. It also aims to verify the mode of delivery prevalence and the factors associated with PNC adequacy by mode of delivery.
\r\n
\r\nMethods: Sub analysis from a cross-sectional study conducted among 13,432 childbearing women aged 15-49 years assisted in 66 maternity hospitals of the Unified Health System (SUS) and private associated facilities from September 2017 to October 2019. A standardized form was used to collect sociodemographic data, and information about PNC and delivery from the childbearing women's prenatal cards, hospital records, and medical reports.
\r\n
\r\nResults: The PNC coverage was (98.4%), but only 57.5% of the participants had an adequate PNC defined as the one initiated until the 12th gestational week, with attendance of at least 6 appointments. The cesarean rate was 57.2%. Among women who performed vaginal delivery, multivariate analysis showed that for each 1-year increase in the age of the parturient, the chance of having an adequate PNC increased by 5%. White parturients with higher education and fewer deliveries residing in the macro-region of Valleys were more likely to have an adequate PNC when compared with non-white parturients, who were illiterate and\/or had incomplete elementary school, with 3 or more deliveries and who resided in other macro-regions. During pregnancy, 96.0% of the women performed at least one anti-HIV test, 55.8% a rapid test for syphilis, and 75.0% a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL).
\r\n
\r\nConclusions: Despite the almost universal PNC coverage in RS, the PNC offered by the SUS was adequate for just half of the population, therefore public health policies targeted at women receiving care in this setting shall be revisited.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2021<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Paganella, Machline Paim; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Adami, Aline De Gregori; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes<\/p>

Knowledge about sexually transmitted infections among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army, 2016: A STROBE-compliant national survey-based cross-sectional observational study<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Medicine (Baltimore), <\/span>vol. 100, <\/span>n\u00e3o 22, <\/span>pp. e26060, <\/span>2021<\/span>, ISBN: 0025-7974<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Paganella2021,
\r\ntitle = {Knowledge about sexually transmitted infections among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army, 2016: A STROBE-compliant national survey-based cross-sectional observational study},
\r\nauthor = {Machline Paim Paganella and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Aline De Gregori Adami and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira},
\r\neditor = {Haider Abdul-Lateef Mousa},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/md-journal\/Fulltext\/2021\/06040\/Knowledge_about_sexually_transmitted_infections.31.aspx},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/MD.0000000000026060},
\r\nisbn = {0025-7974},
\r\nyear  = {2021},
\r\ndate = {2021-06-04},
\r\njournal = {Medicine (Baltimore)},
\r\nvolume = {100},
\r\nnumber = {22},
\r\npages = {e26060},
\r\nabstract = {Global burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high and has a profound impact on health and lives of children, adolescents and adults worldwide. For over a decade, the Brazilian Department of Chronic Condition Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections and the Ministry of Defense have been conducting the Conscripts Survey aiming to assess the STI prevalence and obtain data on knowledge regarding STIs and risk factors among youth.
\r\n
\r\nA cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire containing 74 questions, 25 questions related to awareness and knowledge of STIs and their associated symptoms, routes of transmission, complications and risk factors.
\r\n
\r\nA total of 37,282 young men across Brazil were considered for the analysis. The majority resided in the Northeast and Southeast regions (38.9% and 30.0%, respectively), followed by the South (13.9%), North (9.7%), and Central-west (7.5%) regions. Of the conscripts, 97.2% have the knowledge they may be at risk if they do not use condoms during sex. Conscripts with a higher level of education have almost 2 times greater chance of having knowledge of having sex without a condom (OR 3.23 CI95% 2.82\u20133.70 P = .000) and sharing needles and syringes (OR 2.84 CI95% 2.62\u20133.07 P = .000) represents a risk. Those with higher education also have an almost 50% greater chance of having knowledge regarding STI transmission from mother to child (OR 1.54 CI95% 1.44\u20131.64 P = .000), and knowledge of no transmission by mosquito bite (OR 1.61 CI95%1.51\u20131.72 P = .000), by kissing (OR 1.45 CI95% 1.36\u20131.55 P = .000) or by using public toilets (OR 1.51 CI95% 1.41\u20131.61 P = .000). Television (71.8%) and internet (69.4%) are the preferred forms to obtain STIs information regardless of the level of education.
\r\n
\r\nConscripts with higher level of education have greater knowledge regarding transmission of STIs. However, there are gaps regarding their knowledge about HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and the fact that other STIs can increase the chances of acquiring HIV.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Global burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high and has a profound impact on health and lives of children, adolescents and adults worldwide. For over a decade, the Brazilian Department of Chronic Condition Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections and the Ministry of Defense have been conducting the Conscripts Survey aiming to assess the STI prevalence and obtain data on knowledge regarding STIs and risk factors among youth.
\r\n
\r\nA cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire containing 74 questions, 25 questions related to awareness and knowledge of STIs and their associated symptoms, routes of transmission, complications and risk factors.
\r\n
\r\nA total of 37,282 young men across Brazil were considered for the analysis. The majority resided in the Northeast and Southeast regions (38.9% and 30.0%, respectively), followed by the South (13.9%), North (9.7%), and Central-west (7.5%) regions. Of the conscripts, 97.2% have the knowledge they may be at risk if they do not use condoms during sex. Conscripts with a higher level of education have almost 2 times greater chance of having knowledge of having sex without a condom (OR 3.23 CI95% 2.82\u20133.70 P = .000) and sharing needles and syringes (OR 2.84 CI95% 2.62\u20133.07 P = .000) represents a risk. Those with higher education also have an almost 50% greater chance of having knowledge regarding STI transmission from mother to child (OR 1.54 CI95% 1.44\u20131.64 P = .000), and knowledge of no transmission by mosquito bite (OR 1.61 CI95%1.51\u20131.72 P = .000), by kissing (OR 1.45 CI95% 1.36\u20131.55 P = .000) or by using public toilets (OR 1.51 CI95% 1.41\u20131.61 P = .000). Television (71.8%) and internet (69.4%) are the preferred forms to obtain STIs information regardless of the level of education.
\r\n
\r\nConscripts with higher level of education have greater knowledge regarding transmission of STIs. However, there are gaps regarding their knowledge about HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and the fact that other STIs can increase the chances of acquiring HIV.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2019<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Damacena, Giseli Nogueira; Szwarcwald, C\u00e9lia Landmann; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; de Adami, Aline Gregori; Paganella, Machline Paim; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

A portrait of risk behavior towards HIV infection among Brazilian Army conscripts by geographic regions, 2016<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, <\/span>vol. 22, <\/span>n\u00e3o supl.1, <\/span>pp. 1-13, <\/span>2019<\/span>, ISBN: 1980-5497<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Damacena2019,
\r\ntitle = {A portrait of risk behavior towards HIV infection among Brazilian Army conscripts by geographic regions, 2016},
\r\nauthor = {Giseli Nogueira Damacena and C\u00e9lia Landmann Szwarcwald and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Aline Gregori de Adami and Machline Paim Paganella and Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira and Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-790X2019000200406&tlng=en 
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/31576985},
\r\ndoi = {10.1590\/1980-549720190009.supl.1},
\r\nisbn = {1980-5497},
\r\nyear  = {2019},
\r\ndate = {2019-09-26},
\r\njournal = {Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia},
\r\nvolume = {22},
\r\nnumber = {supl.1},
\r\npages = {1-13},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Knowledge about risky sexual behavior among young people has been widely acknowledged as a key tool to controlling the spread of HIV. This article aimed at presenting the risk behavior of Brazilian Army conscripts toward HIV infection according to the country\u2019s geographic regions. . 
\r\n
\r\nMETHOD: We collected data from 37,282 conscripts, aged 17 to 22, during enlistment in the Brazilian Army in 2016. The prevalence of HIV infection, both self-reported and measured through laboratory results, and risk behavior factors were estimated by region.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 75% of the sample of conscripts reported to have already started sexual activity, and the average age of their sexual initiation was 15. Condom use varied according to the type of sexual relationship, being lower among steady partners and greater among less stable relationships. HIV prevalence assessed by laboratory tests was 0.12% across the country and the highest prevalence was observed in the North region (0.24%). Alcohol and illicit drug usage was higher in the South region. 
\r\n
\r\nDISCUSSION: The study allowed the observation of risk behavior monitoring for HIV infection among young Brazilians. Lower condom usage among steady partners may be contributing to an increase in the number of HIV-infected individuals. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Results suggest the need to intensify prevention campaigns to disseminate safe sex practices among young people, in addition to the expansion of testing offer to this population.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge about risky sexual behavior among young people has been widely acknowledged as a key tool to controlling the spread of HIV. This article aimed at presenting the risk behavior of Brazilian Army conscripts toward HIV infection according to the country\u2019s geographic regions. . 
\r\n
\r\nMETHOD: We collected data from 37,282 conscripts, aged 17 to 22, during enlistment in the Brazilian Army in 2016. The prevalence of HIV infection, both self-reported and measured through laboratory results, and risk behavior factors were estimated by region.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 75% of the sample of conscripts reported to have already started sexual activity, and the average age of their sexual initiation was 15. Condom use varied according to the type of sexual relationship, being lower among steady partners and greater among less stable relationships. HIV prevalence assessed by laboratory tests was 0.12% across the country and the highest prevalence was observed in the North region (0.24%). Alcohol and illicit drug usage was higher in the South region. 
\r\n
\r\nDISCUSSION: The study allowed the observation of risk behavior monitoring for HIV infection among young Brazilians. Lower condom usage among steady partners may be contributing to an increase in the number of HIV-infected individuals. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Results suggest the need to intensify prevention campaigns to disseminate safe sex practices among young people, in addition to the expansion of testing offer to this population.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Adami, Aline De Gregori; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Paganella, Machline Paim; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz<\/p>

Hepatitis B and C prevalence and risk factors among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army | A STROBE-compliant national survey-based cross-sectional observational study<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Medicine (Baltimore), <\/span>vol. 98, <\/span>n\u00e3o 32, <\/span>pp. e16401, <\/span>2019<\/span>, ISSN: 0025-7974<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{daMotta2019,
\r\ntitle = {Hepatitis B and C prevalence and risk factors among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army | A STROBE-compliant national survey-based cross-sectional observational study},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Aline De Gregori Adami and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Machline Paim Paganella and Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira and Adele Schwartz Benzaken},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/md-journal\/Fulltext\/2019\/08090\/Hepatitis_B_and_C_prevalence_and_risk_factors.8.aspx 
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/31393348},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/MD.0000000000016401},
\r\nissn = {0025-7974},
\r\nyear  = {2019},
\r\ndate = {2019-06-19},
\r\njournal = {Medicine (Baltimore)},
\r\nvolume = {98},
\r\nnumber = {32},
\r\npages = {e16401},
\r\nabstract = {Viral hepatitis is caused by different etiological agents with distinct epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics accounting for significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Since 1996, the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Viral Hepatitis (DIAHV) in collaboration with the Ministry of Defense has been conducting periodic serosurveys of conscripts enlisted for the Brazilian army to assess STI prevalence and obtain data on knowledge and risk factors pertaining to STIs. This article aims to present the hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen - HBsAg) and C (anti-HCV) seroprevalence estimates and risk factors as per the 8th edition of the Conscript Survey performed in 2016.This cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire and blood testing for syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B and C.In total 38,247 conscripts were enrolled; after applying exclusion criteria, 37,282 conscripts were included. The estimated HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence rates were 0.22% and 0.28%, respectively. Higher HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence rates were observed in the North Region (0.49%) and in the Central-west Region (0.65%), respectively. Regarding hepatitis B vaccination, 23.5% (n = 8412) of the individuals reported being unvaccinated and 47.4% (n = 16,970) did not know if they had been vaccinated. Among the anti-HCV positive conscripts, 53% (n = 51, 0.56%, P = .049) reported that they had never had sexual intercourse. Regarding self-reported STI status, most of the positive anti-HCV (n = 100, 0.29%, P < .01) and positive HBsAg (n = 76, 0.22%, P = .205) conscripts reported not having a STI. From those who tested positive for HBsAg, 89% (n = 42, 0.28%, P = .005) reported not making consistent use of condoms with steady partners.Our data suggest a low prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among Brazilian young men, and relatively low rates of self-reported HBV immunization. History of STIs, higher number of partners, inconsistent use of condoms, and lack of awareness of routes of transmission were significantly associated with HBV and HCV infections. To achieve the World Health Organization's goal of viral hepatitis elimination, access to hepatitis information, testing, and surveillance need to be improved.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Viral hepatitis is caused by different etiological agents with distinct epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics accounting for significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Since 1996, the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Viral Hepatitis (DIAHV) in collaboration with the Ministry of Defense has been conducting periodic serosurveys of conscripts enlisted for the Brazilian army to assess STI prevalence and obtain data on knowledge and risk factors pertaining to STIs. This article aims to present the hepatitis B (hepatitis B surface antigen - HBsAg) and C (anti-HCV) seroprevalence estimates and risk factors as per the 8th edition of the Conscript Survey performed in 2016.This cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire and blood testing for syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B and C.In total 38,247 conscripts were enrolled; after applying exclusion criteria, 37,282 conscripts were included. The estimated HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence rates were 0.22% and 0.28%, respectively. Higher HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence rates were observed in the North Region (0.49%) and in the Central-west Region (0.65%), respectively. Regarding hepatitis B vaccination, 23.5% (n = 8412) of the individuals reported being unvaccinated and 47.4% (n = 16,970) did not know if they had been vaccinated. Among the anti-HCV positive conscripts, 53% (n = 51, 0.56%, P = .049) reported that they had never had sexual intercourse. Regarding self-reported STI status, most of the positive anti-HCV (n = 100, 0.29%, P < .01) and positive HBsAg (n = 76, 0.22%, P = .205) conscripts reported not having a STI. From those who tested positive for HBsAg, 89% (n = 42, 0.28%, P = .005) reported not making consistent use of condoms with steady partners.Our data suggest a low prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among Brazilian young men, and relatively low rates of self-reported HBV immunization. History of STIs, higher number of partners, inconsistent use of condoms, and lack of awareness of routes of transmission were significantly associated with HBV and HCV infections. To achieve the World Health Organization's goal of viral hepatitis elimination, access to hepatitis information, testing, and surveillance need to be improved.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2018<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; de Gregori Adami, Aline; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Paganella, Machline Paim; de Oliveira, Maria Cristina Pimenta; Giozza, Silvana Pereira; da Cunha, Alessandro Ricardo Caruso; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz<\/p>

Syphilis prevalence and risk factors among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army in 2016: Results from a national survey<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Medicine (Baltimore), <\/span>vol. 97, <\/span>n\u00e3o 47, <\/span>pp. e13309, <\/span>2018<\/span>, ISBN: 0025-7974<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Benzaken2019,
\r\ntitle = {Syphilis prevalence and risk factors among young men presenting to the Brazilian Army in 2016: Results from a national survey},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Aline de Gregori Adami and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni and Machline Paim Paganella and Maria Cristina Pimenta de Oliveira and Silvana Pereira Giozza and Alessandro Ricardo Caruso da Cunha and Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira and Adele Schwartz Benzaken},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/md-journal\/Fulltext\/2018\/11210\/Syphilis_prevalence_and_risk_factors_among_young.43.aspx},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/MD.0000000000013309},
\r\nisbn = {0025-7974},
\r\nyear  = {2018},
\r\ndate = {2018-11-01},
\r\njournal = {Medicine (Baltimore)},
\r\nvolume = {97},
\r\nnumber = {47},
\r\npages = {e13309},
\r\nabstract = {The Conscripts Survey has been conducted periodically by the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), AIDS, and Viral Hepatitis (DIAHV) in collaboration with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense for over 2 decades. It aims to assess the syphilis prevalence and obtain data on knowledge regarding STIs and their risk factors among conscripts enlisted for the Brazilian Army.This cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire and blood testing for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis B and C.In total 38,247 conscripts were enrolled; after exclusion due to a lack of information, 37,282 (93.2%) conscripts were included. The estimated syphilis prevalence rates were: 1.63%, 1.09%, and 0.62% for screened, confirmed, and active syphilis, respectively. Among those with active syphilis, 81.1% reported not having syphilis infection in their lifetime. Higher confirmed syphilis prevalence rates were observed in the South region, followed by North and Southeast regions. Independent factors associated with confirmed syphilis infection were: self-reported STIs in one's lifetime (odds ratio [OR]\u200a=\u200a7.24; P\u200a<\u200a.001), same-sex sexual relationships (OR\u200a=\u200a3.43; P\u200a=\u200a.001), and having the 1st sexual intercourse encounter before 15 years of age (OR\u200a=\u200a2.62; P\u200a=\u200a.04). The proportion of conscripts who reported having sex with other men (MSM) was 4.3%, and the estimated syphilis prevalence in this group was 5.23%, 4.61%, and 3.60% for screened, confirmed, and active syphilis, respectively. The sexual behaviors most frequently associated with confirmed syphilis were: sexual relationship with casual partners in the last year (P\u200a<\u200a.001), same-sex sexual relationships (P\u200a<\u200a.001), more than 10 partners (P\u200a=\u200a.006), and having sexual intercourse before 15 years of age (P\u200a=\u200a.003). Although not significant, only 25.4% of the conscripts who had a confirmed syphilis reported the use of condoms with steady partners, 32.4% with casual partner, and 24.3% with any partner.We found that syphilis is on the rise among the young Brazilian male population. The increase in its prevalence, particularly among MSM, highlights the need for urgent public health interventions, action plans, and implementation of risk reduction strategies aimed at this population.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
The Conscripts Survey has been conducted periodically by the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), AIDS, and Viral Hepatitis (DIAHV) in collaboration with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense for over 2 decades. It aims to assess the syphilis prevalence and obtain data on knowledge regarding STIs and their risk factors among conscripts enlisted for the Brazilian Army.This cross-sectional study was conducted among conscripts across Brazil aged 17 to 22 years from August to December 2016. It included a self-reported questionnaire and blood testing for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis B and C.In total 38,247 conscripts were enrolled; after exclusion due to a lack of information, 37,282 (93.2%) conscripts were included. The estimated syphilis prevalence rates were: 1.63%, 1.09%, and 0.62% for screened, confirmed, and active syphilis, respectively. Among those with active syphilis, 81.1% reported not having syphilis infection in their lifetime. Higher confirmed syphilis prevalence rates were observed in the South region, followed by North and Southeast regions. Independent factors associated with confirmed syphilis infection were: self-reported STIs in one's lifetime (odds ratio [OR]\u200a=\u200a7.24; P\u200a<\u200a.001), same-sex sexual relationships (OR\u200a=\u200a3.43; P\u200a=\u200a.001), and having the 1st sexual intercourse encounter before 15 years of age (OR\u200a=\u200a2.62; P\u200a=\u200a.04). The proportion of conscripts who reported having sex with other men (MSM) was 4.3%, and the estimated syphilis prevalence in this group was 5.23%, 4.61%, and 3.60% for screened, confirmed, and active syphilis, respectively. The sexual behaviors most frequently associated with confirmed syphilis were: sexual relationship with casual partners in the last year (P\u200a<\u200a.001), same-sex sexual relationships (P\u200a<\u200a.001), more than 10 partners (P\u200a=\u200a.006), and having sexual intercourse before 15 years of age (P\u200a=\u200a.003). Although not significant, only 25.4% of the conscripts who had a confirmed syphilis reported the use of condoms with steady partners, 32.4% with casual partner, and 24.3% with any partner.We found that syphilis is on the rise among the young Brazilian male population. The increase in its prevalence, particularly among MSM, highlights the need for urgent public health interventions, action plans, and implementation of risk reduction strategies aimed at this population.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Paganella, Machline Paim; de Oliveira, Maria Cristina Pimenta; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz<\/p>

HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian Army, 2016<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Medicine (Baltimore), <\/span>vol. 97, <\/span>n\u00e3o S1, <\/span>pp. S25-S31, <\/span>2018<\/span>, ISBN: 0025-7974<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Sperhacke2018,
\r\ntitle = {HIV prevalence and sexual behavior among young male conscripts in the Brazilian Army, 2016},
\r\nauthor = {Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni and Machline Paim Paganella and Maria Cristina Pimenta de Oliveira and Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira and Adele Schwartz Benzaken},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/md-journal\/Fulltext\/2018\/05251\/HIV_prevalence_and_sexual_behavior_among_young.2.aspx},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/MD.0000000000009014},
\r\nisbn = {0025-7974},
\r\nyear  = {2018},
\r\ndate = {2018-05-25},
\r\njournal = {Medicine (Baltimore)},
\r\nvolume = {97},
\r\nnumber = {S1},
\r\npages = {S25-S31},
\r\nabstract = {Since 1996, the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia, Preven\u00e7\u00e3o e Controle das IST, do HIV, AIDS e Hepatites Virais, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00faude) in collaboration with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense has conducted periodic and anonymous probability sample surveys to determine the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, the sexual and risk behaviors among conscripts of the Brazilian army. This study aimed to estimate the HIV seroprevalence of conscripts in Brazil by geographic region and to describe behavior in relation to the risk of HIV transmission by analyzing data from the Brazilian Conscripts Survey 8th edition performed in 2016. Conscripts were selected with a 2-stage sampling method stratified by geographical region. The study included a self-reported questionnaire and blood collection for HIV, hepatitis, and syphilis testing. Data from 37,282 conscripts between 17 and 22 years of age were analyzed. Of these conscripts, 73.7% stated that they were sexually active. The overall country-wide prevalence of HIV was 0.12%. The geographic prevalence rates were as follows: north (0.24%), northeast (0.15%), central-west (0.13%), southeast (0.07%), and south (0.10%). The proportion of conscripts who reported having sex with other men was 4.4%, and the estimated HIV prevalence in this group was 1.32%. Regarding prophylaxis use, 45.6% of the participants reported consistent condom use with casual partners within the last year, and 34.5% reported condom use with steady partners within the last year. The independent factors associated with HIV infection were: MSM status (odds ratio [OR]=14.62; P=.000) and having more than 10 partners over their lifetime (OR=3.32; P=.028). Our data suggest that the HIV prevalence among young men in Brazil remains stable except for the north region, and MSM continue to be associated with a high risk for HIV infection at a rate that is approximately 13-fold higher than the rate among men without a history of sex with another man. Our findings confirm the need to scale up combination HIV prevention for young men, including MSM, in Brazil.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Since 1996, the Brazilian Department of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia, Preven\u00e7\u00e3o e Controle das IST, do HIV, AIDS e Hepatites Virais, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00faude) in collaboration with the Brazilian Ministry of Defense has conducted periodic and anonymous probability sample surveys to determine the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, the sexual and risk behaviors among conscripts of the Brazilian army. This study aimed to estimate the HIV seroprevalence of conscripts in Brazil by geographic region and to describe behavior in relation to the risk of HIV transmission by analyzing data from the Brazilian Conscripts Survey 8th edition performed in 2016. Conscripts were selected with a 2-stage sampling method stratified by geographical region. The study included a self-reported questionnaire and blood collection for HIV, hepatitis, and syphilis testing. Data from 37,282 conscripts between 17 and 22 years of age were analyzed. Of these conscripts, 73.7% stated that they were sexually active. The overall country-wide prevalence of HIV was 0.12%. The geographic prevalence rates were as follows: north (0.24%), northeast (0.15%), central-west (0.13%), southeast (0.07%), and south (0.10%). The proportion of conscripts who reported having sex with other men was 4.4%, and the estimated HIV prevalence in this group was 1.32%. Regarding prophylaxis use, 45.6% of the participants reported consistent condom use with casual partners within the last year, and 34.5% reported condom use with steady partners within the last year. The independent factors associated with HIV infection were: MSM status (odds ratio [OR]=14.62; P=.000) and having more than 10 partners over their lifetime (OR=3.32; P=.028). Our data suggest that the HIV prevalence among young men in Brazil remains stable except for the north region, and MSM continue to be associated with a high risk for HIV infection at a rate that is approximately 13-fold higher than the rate among men without a history of sex with another man. Our findings confirm the need to scale up combination HIV prevention for young men, including MSM, in Brazil.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro; Braga, Ant\u00f4nio; Paganella, Machline Paim; Litvin, Isnard Elman; Wendland, Eliana Marcia<\/p>

Accuracy of p57KIP2 compared with genotyping to diagnose complete hydatidiform mole: a systematic review and meta-analysis<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>BJOG, <\/span>vol. 125, <\/span>n\u00e3o 10, <\/span>pp. 1226-1233, <\/span>2018<\/span>, ISBN: 1470-0328<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Madi2018,
\r\ntitle = {Accuracy of p57KIP2 compared with genotyping to diagnose complete hydatidiform mole: a systematic review and meta-analysis},
\r\nauthor = {Jos\u00e9 Mauro Madi and Ant\u00f4nio Braga and Machline Paim Paganella and Isnard Elman Litvin and Eliana Marcia Wendland},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15289
\r\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.15289},
\r\ndoi = {10.1111\/1471-0528.15289},
\r\nisbn = {1470-0328},
\r\nyear  = {2018},
\r\ndate = {2018-05-21},
\r\njournal = {BJOG},
\r\nvolume = {125},
\r\nnumber = {10},
\r\npages = {1226-1233},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Distinguishing hydatidiform moles (HMs) from nonmolar specimens and the subclassification of HM are important because complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is associated with an increased risk of development of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, diagnosis based solely on morphology has poor inter-observer reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the use of p57KIP2 immunostaining improves diagnostic accuracy for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining compared with molecular genotyping for the diagnosis of CHM.
\r\n
\r\nSEARCH STRATEGY: Major databases were searched from inception to March 2017 using the terms 'hydatidiform mole', 'p57', and 'genotyping', with their variations, and the search limit for the relevant study design.
\r\n
\r\nSELECTION CRITERIA: Any cross-sectional study, case series, case-control study, cohort study, or clinical trial that evaluated the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining for the diagnosis of CHM compared with genotyping was included. Case reports, narrative reviews, expert opinions, and animal testing were excluded.
\r\n
\r\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Extracted accuracy data were tabulated and pooled using a hierarchical bivariate random effects model.
\r\n
\r\nMAIN RESULTS: Bivariate meta-analysis produced a summary sensitivity of 0.984 (95% CI: 0.916-1.000) and specificity of 0.625 (95% CI: 0.503-0.736) with significant heterogeneity for specificity (I2 = 71.8, chi-square P = 0.029). The pooled summary diagnostic odds ratio was 56.54 (95% CI: 11.03-289.74) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, chi-square P = 0.67). The diagnostic performance of the test was high with an area under the curve of (AUC) 0.980.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: p57KIP2 immunostaining is accurate when diagnosing CHM. It can be used as an adjunct test in a combination algorithmic approach.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Distinguishing hydatidiform moles (HMs) from nonmolar specimens and the subclassification of HM are important because complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is associated with an increased risk of development of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, diagnosis based solely on morphology has poor inter-observer reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the use of p57KIP2 immunostaining improves diagnostic accuracy for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining compared with molecular genotyping for the diagnosis of CHM.
\r\n
\r\nSEARCH STRATEGY: Major databases were searched from inception to March 2017 using the terms 'hydatidiform mole', 'p57', and 'genotyping', with their variations, and the search limit for the relevant study design.
\r\n
\r\nSELECTION CRITERIA: Any cross-sectional study, case series, case-control study, cohort study, or clinical trial that evaluated the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining for the diagnosis of CHM compared with genotyping was included. Case reports, narrative reviews, expert opinions, and animal testing were excluded.
\r\n
\r\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Extracted accuracy data were tabulated and pooled using a hierarchical bivariate random effects model.
\r\n
\r\nMAIN RESULTS: Bivariate meta-analysis produced a summary sensitivity of 0.984 (95% CI: 0.916-1.000) and specificity of 0.625 (95% CI: 0.503-0.736) with significant heterogeneity for specificity (I2 = 71.8, chi-square P = 0.029). The pooled summary diagnostic odds ratio was 56.54 (95% CI: 11.03-289.74) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0.00%, chi-square P = 0.67). The diagnostic performance of the test was high with an area under the curve of (AUC) 0.980.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: p57KIP2 immunostaining is accurate when diagnosing CHM. It can be used as an adjunct test in a combination algorithmic approach.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2017<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Bazzo, Maria Luiza; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Rudolf-Oliveira, Renata Cristina Messores; Bigolin, Alisson; Golfetto, Lisl\u00e9ia; Mesquita, F\u00e1bio; Benzaken, Adele Schwartz; Gaspar, Pamela Cristina; Pires, Ana Flavia Nacif Pinto Coelho; da Costa Ferreira J\u00fanior, Orlando; Franchini, Miriam<\/p>

Evaluation of seven rapid tests for syphilis available in Brazil using defibrinated plasma panels<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Sex Transm Infect, <\/span>vol. 93, <\/span>n\u00e3o S4, <\/span>pp. S3-S7, <\/span>2017<\/span>, ISBN: 1472-3263<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Franchini2017b,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of seven rapid tests for syphilis available in Brazil using defibrinated plasma panels},
\r\nauthor = {Maria Luiza Bazzo and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Renata Cristina Messores Rudolf-Oliveira and Alisson Bigolin and Lisl\u00e9ia Golfetto and F\u00e1bio Mesquita and Adele Schwartz Benzaken and Pamela Cristina Gaspar and Ana Flavia Nacif Pinto Coelho Pires and Orlando da Costa Ferreira J\u00fanior and Miriam Franchini},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/sti.bmj.com\/content\/93\/S4\/S46.info},
\r\ndoi = {10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053177},
\r\nisbn = {1472-3263},
\r\nyear  = {2017},
\r\ndate = {2017-12-01},
\r\njournal = {Sex Transm Infect},
\r\nvolume = {93},
\r\nnumber = {S4},
\r\npages = {S3-S7},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: In 2012, the WHO estimated that 6 million new cases of syphilis per year would occur worldwide, including 937 000 in Brazil. Early diagnosis and treatment of syphilis are essential to reduce morbidity and prevent transmission. The availability of rapid tests (RTs) for this diagnosis means that testing can be performed more quickly, as a point-of-care test, even in non-laboratory
\r\nenvironments and requires only simple technical training to antibodies detection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and operational aspects of seven commercially available RTs for syphilis in Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Seven rapid treponemal tests were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and Kappa value, according to a panel composed of 493 members. The operational performance of the assay was also determined for these tests.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The seven RTs showed sensitivity ranging from 94.5% to 100% when compared with the reference tests and specificity of between 91.5% and 100%. All the RTs evaluated presented good operational performance, and only one failed to present the minimum specificity as defined by Brazil\u2019s Ministry of Health.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: All the tests presented good operational performance, and the professionals who performed them considered them to be easy to use and interpret. This evaluation is important for making 
\r\ninformed choices of tests to be used in the Brazilian Unified Health System.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: In 2012, the WHO estimated that 6 million new cases of syphilis per year would occur worldwide, including 937 000 in Brazil. Early diagnosis and treatment of syphilis are essential to reduce morbidity and prevent transmission. The availability of rapid tests (RTs) for this diagnosis means that testing can be performed more quickly, as a point-of-care test, even in non-laboratory
\r\nenvironments and requires only simple technical training to antibodies detection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and operational aspects of seven commercially available RTs for syphilis in Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Seven rapid treponemal tests were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and Kappa value, according to a panel composed of 493 members. The operational performance of the assay was also determined for these tests.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The seven RTs showed sensitivity ranging from 94.5% to 100% when compared with the reference tests and specificity of between 91.5% and 100%. All the RTs evaluated presented good operational performance, and only one failed to present the minimum specificity as defined by Brazil\u2019s Ministry of Health.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: All the tests presented good operational performance, and the professionals who performed them considered them to be easy to use and interpret. This evaluation is important for making 
\r\ninformed choices of tests to be used in the Brazilian Unified Health System.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Costa Ferreira Jr, Orlando; Veras, Nazle Mendonca Collaco; Pires, Ana Fl\u00e1via Nassif Coelho; Bazzo, Maria Luiza; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Costa, Deise Andrade; de Ribeiro, Liane Jesus; Benzaken, Adele Shwartz; de Mesquita, F\u00e1bio Caldas; Franchini, Miriam<\/p>

Brazilian Program For HIV Point-Of-Care Test Evaluation: A Decade\u2019s Experience<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>International Archives of Medicine, <\/span>vol. 10, <\/span>n\u00e3o 262, <\/span>pp. 1-12, <\/span>2017<\/span>, ISBN: 1755-7682<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Franchini2017,
\r\ntitle = {Brazilian Program For HIV Point-Of-Care Test Evaluation: A Decade\u2019s Experience},
\r\nauthor = {Orlando da Costa Ferreira Jr and Nazle Mendonca Collaco Veras and Ana Fl\u00e1via Nassif Coelho Pires and Maria Luiza Bazzo and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Deise Andrade Costa and Liane Jesus de Ribeiro and Adele Shwartz Benzaken and F\u00e1bio Caldas de Mesquita and Miriam Franchini},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/imedicalsociety.org\/ojs\/index.php\/iam\/article\/view\/2690},
\r\ndoi = {10.3823\/2532},
\r\nisbn = {1755-7682},
\r\nyear  = {2017},
\r\ndate = {2017-11-03},
\r\njournal = {International Archives of Medicine},
\r\nvolume = {10},
\r\nnumber = {262},
\r\npages = {1-12},
\r\nabstract = {The point-of-care tests (POCTs) for HIV diagnosis have been widely used in Brazil in order to expand and to allow HIV diagnosis outside health units including remote areas, such as the Amazon region. In order to guarantee the quality of HIV diagnostics based on rapid tests, the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) implemented the HIV POCT Evaluation Program. This study compiles the Brazilian experience acquired over the last 13 years conducting the HIV POCT Evaluation Program.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Wollheim, Cl\u00e1udia; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Fontana, Sabrina Kahler Ribeiro; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; de Ara\u00fajo, Patricia Regina; Barth, Afonso Luis; Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro<\/p>

Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Rev Soc Bras Med Trop., <\/span>vol. 50, <\/span>n\u00e3o 2, <\/span>pp. 179-183, <\/span>2017<\/span>, ISBN: 0037-8682<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Madi2017,
\r\ntitle = {Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women via culture and PCR methods},
\r\nauthor = {Cl\u00e1udia Wollheim and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Sabrina Kahler Ribeiro Fontana and Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Patricia Regina de Ara\u00fajo and Afonso Luis Barth and Jos\u00e9 Mauro Madi},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822017000200179&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en},
\r\ndoi = {10.1590\/0037-8682-0454-2016},
\r\nisbn = {0037-8682},
\r\nyear  = {2017},
\r\ndate = {2017-03-23},
\r\njournal = {Rev Soc Bras Med Trop.},
\r\nvolume = {50},
\r\nnumber = {2},
\r\npages = {179-183},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), a source of neonatal infection, colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women. Routine screening for maternal GBS in late pregnancy and consequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of PCR, compared to culture (gold standard), in GBS colonization screening of pregnant women, and to establish the prevalence of GBS colonization among this population.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Vaginal introitus and perianal samples were collected from 204 pregnant women, between the 35th and 37th weeks of pregnancy, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the University of Caxias do Sul General Hospital between June 2008 and September 2009. All samples were cultured after enrichment in a selective medium and then assayed by culture and PCR methods.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The culture and PCR methods yielded detection rates of vaginal\/perianal GBS colonization of 22.5% and 26%, respectively (sensitivity 100%; specificity 95.6%; positive and negative predictive values 86.8% and 100%, respectively). A higher prevalence of GBS colonization was detected in the combined vaginal and perianal samples by both culture and PCR assay analyses.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: PCR is a faster and more efficient method for GBS screening, allowing for optimal identification of women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent newborn infection.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Group B Streptococcus (GBS), a source of neonatal infection, colonizes the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of pregnant women. Routine screening for maternal GBS in late pregnancy and consequent intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced the incidence of early-onset GBS neonatal infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of PCR, compared to culture (gold standard), in GBS colonization screening of pregnant women, and to establish the prevalence of GBS colonization among this population.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Vaginal introitus and perianal samples were collected from 204 pregnant women, between the 35th and 37th weeks of pregnancy, at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the University of Caxias do Sul General Hospital between June 2008 and September 2009. All samples were cultured after enrichment in a selective medium and then assayed by culture and PCR methods.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The culture and PCR methods yielded detection rates of vaginal\/perianal GBS colonization of 22.5% and 26%, respectively (sensitivity 100%; specificity 95.6%; positive and negative predictive values 86.8% and 100%, respectively). A higher prevalence of GBS colonization was detected in the combined vaginal and perianal samples by both culture and PCR assay analyses.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: PCR is a faster and more efficient method for GBS screening, allowing for optimal identification of women who should receive intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent newborn infection.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Verza, Mirela; Schmid, Karen Barros; Barcellos, Regina Bones; Linck, Natali; Bello, Graziele Lima; Scapin, Daniel; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Silva, M\u00e1rcia Susana Nunes; Wollheim, Claudia; Rivero, Martha Gabriela Celle; Kritski, Afr\u00e2nio Lineu; Jr, Leonides Rezende; Oliveira, Martha Maria; Costa, Elis Regina Dalla; Rossetti, Maria Lucia Rosa<\/p>

Performance of a molecular assay to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA in clinical specimens: multicenter study in Brazil<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, <\/span>vol. 112, <\/span>n\u00e3o 2, <\/span>pp. 94-99, <\/span>2017<\/span>, ISBN: 1678-8060<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Rossetti2017,
\r\ntitle = {Performance of a molecular assay to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA in clinical specimens: multicenter study in Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Mirela Verza and Karen Barros Schmid and Regina Bones Barcellos and Natali Linck and Graziele Lima Bello and Daniel Scapin and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and M\u00e1rcia Susana Nunes Silva and Claudia Wollheim and Martha Gabriela Celle Rivero and Afr\u00e2nio Lineu Kritski and Leonides Rezende Jr and Martha Maria Oliveira and Elis Regina Dalla Costa and Maria Lucia Rosa Rossetti},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5293118\/},
\r\ndoi = {10.1590\/0074-02760160196},
\r\nisbn = {1678-8060},
\r\nyear  = {2017},
\r\ndate = {2017-02-01},
\r\njournal = {Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz},
\r\nvolume = {112},
\r\nnumber = {2},
\r\npages = {94-99},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: In high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, there are few data on the performance of new molecular commercialised assays developed locally.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of a new molecular commercialised assay for TB diagnosis (Detect-TB) in three laboratories.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: A total of 302 sputum samples from an equal number of patients with presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were submitted for routine smear microscopy, culture, and Detect-TB assay at three different sites in Brazil (the cities of Caxias do Sul, S\u00e3o Paulo and Canoas). 
\r\n
\r\nFINDINGS: Seventy four (24.7%) TB cases were diagnosed (65 bacteriologically confirmed). When compared to smear microscopy\/culture results, the overall sensitivity and specificity of Detect-TB assay was 84.6% (CI 95%; 73.7-91.6) and 93.1% (CI 95%; 89.1-95.8), respectively. When compared to bacteriological and clinical diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of Detect-TB assay was 74.3% (CI 95%; 63.3-82.9) and 92.9% (CI 95%; 88.7-95.6), respectively. Among the three sites - Caxias do Sul, S\u00e3o Paulo and Canoas - the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 94.7% and 97.8%; 71.4% and 93.9%, 82.1% and 88.9%.
\r\n
\r\nMAIN CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the Detect-TB assay could be applied routinely in reference laboratories across different regions in Brazil.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: In high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries, there are few data on the performance of new molecular commercialised assays developed locally.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of a new molecular commercialised assay for TB diagnosis (Detect-TB) in three laboratories.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: A total of 302 sputum samples from an equal number of patients with presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were submitted for routine smear microscopy, culture, and Detect-TB assay at three different sites in Brazil (the cities of Caxias do Sul, S\u00e3o Paulo and Canoas). 
\r\n
\r\nFINDINGS: Seventy four (24.7%) TB cases were diagnosed (65 bacteriologically confirmed). When compared to smear microscopy\/culture results, the overall sensitivity and specificity of Detect-TB assay was 84.6% (CI 95%; 73.7-91.6) and 93.1% (CI 95%; 89.1-95.8), respectively. When compared to bacteriological and clinical diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of Detect-TB assay was 74.3% (CI 95%; 63.3-82.9) and 92.9% (CI 95%; 88.7-95.6), respectively. Among the three sites - Caxias do Sul, S\u00e3o Paulo and Canoas - the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 94.7% and 97.8%; 71.4% and 93.9%, 82.1% and 88.9%.
\r\n
\r\nMAIN CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the Detect-TB assay could be applied routinely in reference laboratories across different regions in Brazil.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Paganella, Machline Paim; Cohen, Rachel A.; Harris, D. Robert; de Souza Kuchenbecker, Ricardo; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, Sergio Kakuta; da Silva, Carmem L\u00facia Oliveira; Sturzbecher, Fernanda Tom\u00e9; Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo S.; Pav\u00eda-Ruz, Noris; Hazra, Rohan<\/p>

Association of Dyslipidemia and Glucose Abnormalities with Antiretroviral Treatment in a Cohort of HIV-infected Latin American Children<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, <\/span>vol. 74, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. e1-e8, <\/span>2017<\/span>, ISBN: 1525-4135<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Hazra2016,
\r\ntitle = {Association of Dyslipidemia and Glucose Abnormalities with Antiretroviral Treatment in a Cohort of HIV-infected Latin American Children},
\r\nauthor = {Machline Paim Paganella and Rachel A. Cohen and D. Robert Harris and Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Sergio Kakuta Kato and Carmem L\u00facia Oliveira da Silva and Fernanda Tom\u00e9 Sturzbecher and Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira and Noris Pav\u00eda-Ruz and Rohan Hazra},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/jaids\/Abstract\/publishahead\/Association_of_Dyslipidemia_and_Glucose.97138.aspx},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001163},
\r\nisbn = {1525-4135},
\r\nyear  = {2017},
\r\ndate = {2017-01-01},
\r\njournal = {JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes},
\r\nvolume = {74},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {e1-e8},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE(S): To estimate the incidence of lipid and glucose abnormalities and assess their association with exposure to antiretroviral (ARV) regimens among perinatally HIV-infected Latin American children.
\r\n
\r\nDESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Data were analyzed from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Pediatric Latin American Countries Epidemiologic Study (PLACES). The incidence of dyslipidemia (total cholesterol>200mg\/dL, HDL<35mg\/dL, LDL>=130mg\/dL, triglycerides>110mg\/dL [age<10 years] or >150mg\/dL [>=10 years]) and fasting glucose abnormalities (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance >2.5 [Tanner Stage 1] or >4.0 [Tanner Stage>1]; impaired glucose: 110 to <126mg\/dL; diabetes: >=126 mg\/dL) was estimated. Proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the risk of abnormalities associated with ARV regimen, adjusted for covariates.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: There were 385 children eligible for analysis (mean age 6.6 years). Incident cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 18.1% of participants (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.1-22.8%), HDL and LDL cholesterol abnormalities in 19.6% (15.1-24.7%) and 15.0% (11.3-19.5%), respectively, and triglyceride abnormalities in 44.2% (37.7-50.8%). In multivariable analysis, ARV regimen was only associated with triglyceride abnormalities; participants receiving a protease inhibitor-containing (PI) regimen were 3.6 times as likely to experience a triglyceride abnormality as those receiving no ARVs (95% CI: 1.3-10.5; p=0.0167). The cumulative incidence of insulin resistance was 3.8% (1.8-7.1%); there were no incident cases of diabetes and only two of impaired fasting glucose.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Children receiving PI-containing regimens were at increased risk of developing triglyceride abnormalities. Continued monitoring of lipid levels in children receiving PI-containing regimens appears warranted.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE(S): To estimate the incidence of lipid and glucose abnormalities and assess their association with exposure to antiretroviral (ARV) regimens among perinatally HIV-infected Latin American children.
\r\n
\r\nDESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Data were analyzed from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Pediatric Latin American Countries Epidemiologic Study (PLACES). The incidence of dyslipidemia (total cholesterol>200mg\/dL, HDL<35mg\/dL, LDL>=130mg\/dL, triglycerides>110mg\/dL [age<10 years] or >150mg\/dL [>=10 years]) and fasting glucose abnormalities (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance >2.5 [Tanner Stage 1] or >4.0 [Tanner Stage>1]; impaired glucose: 110 to <126mg\/dL; diabetes: >=126 mg\/dL) was estimated. Proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the risk of abnormalities associated with ARV regimen, adjusted for covariates.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: There were 385 children eligible for analysis (mean age 6.6 years). Incident cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 18.1% of participants (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.1-22.8%), HDL and LDL cholesterol abnormalities in 19.6% (15.1-24.7%) and 15.0% (11.3-19.5%), respectively, and triglyceride abnormalities in 44.2% (37.7-50.8%). In multivariable analysis, ARV regimen was only associated with triglyceride abnormalities; participants receiving a protease inhibitor-containing (PI) regimen were 3.6 times as likely to experience a triglyceride abnormality as those receiving no ARVs (95% CI: 1.3-10.5; p=0.0167). The cumulative incidence of insulin resistance was 3.8% (1.8-7.1%); there were no incident cases of diabetes and only two of impaired fasting glucose.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Children receiving PI-containing regimens were at increased risk of developing triglyceride abnormalities. Continued monitoring of lipid levels in children receiving PI-containing regimens appears warranted.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2016<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Madi, Jose Mauro; Braga, Antonio Rodrigues; Paganella, Machline Paim; Litvin, Isnard Elman; Wendland, Eliana M\u00e1rcia Da Ros<\/p>

Accuracy of p57KIP2 compared with genotyping for the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Systematic Reviews, <\/span>vol. 5, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. 169, <\/span>2016<\/span>, ISSN: 2046-4053<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Wendland2016,
\r\ntitle = {Accuracy of p57KIP2 compared with genotyping for the diagnosis of complete hydatidiform mole: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis},
\r\nauthor = {Jose Mauro Madi AND Antonio Rodrigues Braga AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Isnard Elman Litvin AND Eliana M\u00e1rcia Da Ros Wendland},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-016-0349-7},
\r\ndoi = {10.1186\/s13643-016-0349-7},
\r\nissn = {2046-4053},
\r\nyear  = {2016},
\r\ndate = {2016-10-04},
\r\njournal = {Systematic Reviews},
\r\nvolume = {5},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {169},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Distinguishing hydatidiform moles (HMs) from non-molar specimens and the subclassification of HM are important because complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is associated with an increased risk of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, diagnosis based solely on morphology has poor interobserver reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the use of p57KIP2 immunostaining improves diagnostic accuracy for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We will conduct a systematic review of prospective and retrospective studies to evaluate the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining compared with molecular genotyping for the diagnosis of CHM. A high-sensitivity search strategy will be employed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, The Grey Literature Report, OpenGrey, OAIster, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Two reviewers will independently screen all identified references for eligibility and extract data. The methodological quality and bias of the included studies will be assessed according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool, and the overall quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. If a meta-analysis is possible, pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios will be calculated using bivariate random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated with I 2 statistics and explored through sensitivity analysis.
\r\n
\r\nDISCUSSION: There is considerable overlap between the histological features of molar and non-molar pregnancies and between complete and partial HMs, which results in significant interobserver variability in the diagnosis of CHM and its mimics. Therefore, molecular techniques are used to correctly diagnosis and treat CHM. However, these molecular diagnostic methods are technically difficult to perform, relatively costly, and unavailable in most pathology laboratories. According to our results, p57KIP2 immunostaining appears to be a practical and accurate adjunct for the diagnosis of CHM and its mimics because this technique is relatively simple, reliable, cost-efficient, and rapid. This systematic review will help to determine whether p57KIP2 immunostaining is an adequate alternative diagnostic test for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nSYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015024181.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Distinguishing hydatidiform moles (HMs) from non-molar specimens and the subclassification of HM are important because complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is associated with an increased risk of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, diagnosis based solely on morphology has poor interobserver reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that the use of p57KIP2 immunostaining improves diagnostic accuracy for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We will conduct a systematic review of prospective and retrospective studies to evaluate the accuracy of p57KIP2 immunostaining compared with molecular genotyping for the diagnosis of CHM. A high-sensitivity search strategy will be employed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, The Grey Literature Report, OpenGrey, OAIster, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Two reviewers will independently screen all identified references for eligibility and extract data. The methodological quality and bias of the included studies will be assessed according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool, and the overall quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. If a meta-analysis is possible, pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios will be calculated using bivariate random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated with I 2 statistics and explored through sensitivity analysis.
\r\n
\r\nDISCUSSION: There is considerable overlap between the histological features of molar and non-molar pregnancies and between complete and partial HMs, which results in significant interobserver variability in the diagnosis of CHM and its mimics. Therefore, molecular techniques are used to correctly diagnosis and treat CHM. However, these molecular diagnostic methods are technically difficult to perform, relatively costly, and unavailable in most pathology laboratories. According to our results, p57KIP2 immunostaining appears to be a practical and accurate adjunct for the diagnosis of CHM and its mimics because this technique is relatively simple, reliable, cost-efficient, and rapid. This systematic review will help to determine whether p57KIP2 immunostaining is an adequate alternative diagnostic test for CHM.
\r\n
\r\nSYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42015024181.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2015<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; de Gregori Adami, Aline; Paganella, Machline Paim; Gabriel, Grasiela Cemin; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

University and public health services joining forces in the fight against HIV epidemics in Caxias do Sul city, South of Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

J AIDS Clin Res, <\/span>vol. 6, <\/span>n\u00e3o 10, <\/span>OMICS International <\/span>2015<\/span>, ISBN: 2155-6113<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Sperhacke2015b,
\r\ntitle = {University and public health services joining forces in the fight against HIV epidemics in Caxias do Sul city, South of Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Aline de Gregori Adami AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Grasiela Cemin Gabriel AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/E-poster-Atlanta-1.pdf},
\r\ndoi = {10.4172\/2155-6113.C1.012},
\r\nisbn = {2155-6113},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-11-30},
\r\nbooktitle = {J AIDS Clin Res},
\r\nvolume = {6},
\r\nnumber = {10},
\r\npages = {83},
\r\norganization = {OMICS International},
\r\nabstract = {Caxias do Sul is located in Rio Grande do Sul State which belongs to the region with the highest HIV prevalence in Brazil. This scenario led the HIV\/AIDS Research Laboratory (LPHA) of Caxias do Sul University to contribute to the local health secretariat and its department of infectious diseases in promoting HIV\/AIDS prevention and testing campaigns. We evaluated three cooperative campaigns executed between 2012 and 2014. In 2012, we promoted the \u201cAIDS Week\u201d where information about HIV was broadcasted on local media, educational material and condoms were distributed along the city and 2000 undergraduates were oriented on HIV during college classes. In 2013 and 2014, actions were focused on city main square and we additionally made available HIV, syphilis and HBV\/HCV rapid tests and counseling services. In 2013, the initiative brought 181 individuals and 164 rapid tests were performed, being 2 tests positive for syphilis and 3 for HCV. In 2014, 700 citizens received counseling and 200 tests were performed, being 19 tests positive for syphilis, 5 for HCV and 1 for HIV. We identified general lack of knowledge about HIV and STDs despite Brazilian government continuous e\u0081orts on prevention. LPHA\u2019s support permitted approaching and orienting a higher number of individuals, besides expanding testing logistics, what resulted in more people seeking the test and orientation services during and afer these initiatives. These facts, summed to the increase of positive tests, highlight the relevance of these actions and their strengthening to promote changes on HIV dissemination pattern in this city.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Caxias do Sul is located in Rio Grande do Sul State which belongs to the region with the highest HIV prevalence in Brazil. This scenario led the HIV\/AIDS Research Laboratory (LPHA) of Caxias do Sul University to contribute to the local health secretariat and its department of infectious diseases in promoting HIV\/AIDS prevention and testing campaigns. We evaluated three cooperative campaigns executed between 2012 and 2014. In 2012, we promoted the \u201cAIDS Week\u201d where information about HIV was broadcasted on local media, educational material and condoms were distributed along the city and 2000 undergraduates were oriented on HIV during college classes. In 2013 and 2014, actions were focused on city main square and we additionally made available HIV, syphilis and HBV\/HCV rapid tests and counseling services. In 2013, the initiative brought 181 individuals and 164 rapid tests were performed, being 2 tests positive for syphilis and 3 for HCV. In 2014, 700 citizens received counseling and 200 tests were performed, being 19 tests positive for syphilis, 5 for HCV and 1 for HIV. We identified general lack of knowledge about HIV and STDs despite Brazilian government continuous e\u0081orts on prevention. LPHA\u2019s support permitted approaching and orienting a higher number of individuals, besides expanding testing logistics, what resulted in more people seeking the test and orientation services during and afer these initiatives. These facts, summed to the increase of positive tests, highlight the relevance of these actions and their strengthening to promote changes on HIV dissemination pattern in this city.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Adami, Aline De Gregori; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

Ajuste do cut-off de um ensaio imunoenzim\u00e1tico anti-HIV em amostras de sangue em papel-filtro Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

10\u00b0 Congresso de HIV\/AIDS e 3\u00b0 Congresso de Hepatites Virais, <\/span>Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{daSperhacke2015,
\r\ntitle = {Ajuste do cut-off de um ensaio imunoenzim\u00e1tico anti-HIV em amostras de sangue em papel-filtro},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni and Aline De Gregori Adami and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-11-18},
\r\nbooktitle = {10\u00b0 Congresso de HIV\/AIDS e 3\u00b0 Congresso de Hepatites Virais},
\r\norganization = {Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade.},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras de sangue em papel-filtro \u00e9 uma estrat\u00e9gia para a amplia\u00e7\u00e3o do acesso ao diagn\u00f3stico da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em regi\u00f5es remotas. Atualmente no Brasil, um \u00fanico conjunto diagn\u00f3stico de detec\u00e7\u00e3o de anticorpos anti-HIV-1\/2 em amostras de sangue em papel-filtro apresenta registro v\u00e1lido e est\u00e1 comercialmente dispon\u00edvel. Durante a caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o de um painel de amostras com resultado conhecido, identificou-se um elevado n\u00famero de resultados falso-positivos, representando dificuldades na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras n\u00e3o reagentes para HIV. Realizou-se o ajuste do valor do ponto de corte (cut-off) deste conjunto diagn\u00f3stico para adequ\u00e1-lo ao perfil sorol\u00f3gico das amostras rotineiramente analisadas. 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: O conjunto diagn\u00f3stico Umelisa HIV 1+2 Recombinant\u00ae (Centro de InmunoEnsayo, Havana, Cuba) emprega um cut-off fixo igual a 0,300. Atrav\u00e9s da Curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic), que envolve o c\u00e1lculo de especificidade e sensibilidade para diversos valores de cut-off, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel determinar o cut-off em que o ensaio apresenta seu melhor desempenho para um dado conjunto de amostras. Avaliaram-se 249 amostras de sangue em papel-filtro, destas, 125 amostras reagentes para HIV de acordo com o algoritmo de refer\u00eancia, que inclu\u00eda um ELISA e Western Blot. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Ao utilizarmos o cut-off recomendado pelo fabricante foram identificadas 19 amostras com resultado falso-positivo, resultando em uma sensibilidade de 100% (IC 95%: 96,8-1,0) e uma especificidade de 84,7% (IC 95%: 81,4-84,7). Atrav\u00e9s da Curva ROC, determinou-se o valor do cut-off em que o ensaio apresentou melhor desempenho (0,375). Ao empregarmos o novo cut-off, o ensaio apresentou sensibilidade igual a 100% (IC 95%: 97,8-100) e especificidade igual a 100% (IC 95%: 97,8-100). Os resultados englobaram cinco diferentes lotes do conjunto diagn\u00f3stico e dois modelos diferentes de leitoras de placas (PR-521 e PR-621). 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: O ajuste do cut-off permitiu a eleva\u00e7\u00e3o da especificidade do conjunto diagn\u00f3stico, sem impactar na sua sensibilidade.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras de sangue em papel-filtro \u00e9 uma estrat\u00e9gia para a amplia\u00e7\u00e3o do acesso ao diagn\u00f3stico da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em regi\u00f5es remotas. Atualmente no Brasil, um \u00fanico conjunto diagn\u00f3stico de detec\u00e7\u00e3o de anticorpos anti-HIV-1\/2 em amostras de sangue em papel-filtro apresenta registro v\u00e1lido e est\u00e1 comercialmente dispon\u00edvel. Durante a caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o de um painel de amostras com resultado conhecido, identificou-se um elevado n\u00famero de resultados falso-positivos, representando dificuldades na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras n\u00e3o reagentes para HIV. Realizou-se o ajuste do valor do ponto de corte (cut-off) deste conjunto diagn\u00f3stico para adequ\u00e1-lo ao perfil sorol\u00f3gico das amostras rotineiramente analisadas. 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: O conjunto diagn\u00f3stico Umelisa HIV 1+2 Recombinant\u00ae (Centro de InmunoEnsayo, Havana, Cuba) emprega um cut-off fixo igual a 0,300. Atrav\u00e9s da Curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic), que envolve o c\u00e1lculo de especificidade e sensibilidade para diversos valores de cut-off, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel determinar o cut-off em que o ensaio apresenta seu melhor desempenho para um dado conjunto de amostras. Avaliaram-se 249 amostras de sangue em papel-filtro, destas, 125 amostras reagentes para HIV de acordo com o algoritmo de refer\u00eancia, que inclu\u00eda um ELISA e Western Blot. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Ao utilizarmos o cut-off recomendado pelo fabricante foram identificadas 19 amostras com resultado falso-positivo, resultando em uma sensibilidade de 100% (IC 95%: 96,8-1,0) e uma especificidade de 84,7% (IC 95%: 81,4-84,7). Atrav\u00e9s da Curva ROC, determinou-se o valor do cut-off em que o ensaio apresentou melhor desempenho (0,375). Ao empregarmos o novo cut-off, o ensaio apresentou sensibilidade igual a 100% (IC 95%: 97,8-100) e especificidade igual a 100% (IC 95%: 97,8-100). Os resultados englobaram cinco diferentes lotes do conjunto diagn\u00f3stico e dois modelos diferentes de leitoras de placas (PR-521 e PR-621). 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: O ajuste do cut-off permitiu a eleva\u00e7\u00e3o da especificidade do conjunto diagn\u00f3stico, sem impactar na sua sensibilidade.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Pilcher, Christopher D; Bisol, Claudia Alquati; Paganella, Machline Paim; Vallabhaneni, Snigdha; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Kato, Sergio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kallas, Esper G; Hecht, Frederick M; Diaz, Ricardo Sobhie<\/p>

Efficient Identification of HIV Serodiscordant Couples by Existing HIV Testing Programs in South Brazil<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>PLOS ONE, <\/span>vol. 10, <\/span>n\u00e3o 11, <\/span>pp. e0142638, <\/span>2015<\/span>, ISBN: 1932-6203<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{daDiaz2015,
\r\ntitle = {Efficient Identification of HIV Serodiscordant Couples by Existing HIV Testing Programs in South Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Christopher D Pilcher and Claudia Alquati Bisol and Machline Paim Paganella and Snigdha Vallabhaneni and Leonardo Rapone da Motta and Sergio Kakuta Kato and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Esper G Kallas and Frederick M Hecht and Ricardo Sobhie Diaz},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0142638},
\r\ndoi = {10.1371\/journal.pone.0142638},
\r\nisbn = {1932-6203},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-11-12},
\r\njournal = {PLOS ONE},
\r\nvolume = {10},
\r\nnumber = {11},
\r\npages = {e0142638},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of identifying HIV negative at risk individuals in HIV serodiscordant couples, during voluntary HIV testing in South Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We surveyed HIV testers at 4 public testing sites in Rio Grande do Sul. We obtained information on risk behaviors and sexual partnerships. HIV testing and testing for recent infection were performed; HIV prevalence and risk behaviors were assessed among subjects who reported having a steady partner who was HIV positive (serodiscordant group) and compared with the general testing population.
\r\n 
\r\nRESULTS: Among 3100 patients, 490 (15.8%) reported being in a steady relationship with an HIV positive partner. New HIV infections were diagnosed in 23% of the serodiscordant group (vs. 13% in the general population, p = 0.01); among newly positive subjects, recent HIV infections were more frequent (23\/86, 26.7%) among testers with positive partners than among the general testing group (52\/334; 15.6%; p = 0.016). Less than half of the serodiscordant testers reported having used a condom during the last sexual intercourse with their HIV-positive partner. Participants with inconsistent condom use with steady partner were four times more likely to test positive for HIV compared to those who reported always using condoms with the steady partner (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 2.3 to 7.5).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: It is highly feasible to identify large numbers of HIV susceptible individuals who are in HIV serodiscordant relationships in South Brazil testing sites. Condom use within HIV serodiscordant couples is low in this setting, suggesting urgent need for biomedical prevention strategies to reduce HIV transmission.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of identifying HIV negative at risk individuals in HIV serodiscordant couples, during voluntary HIV testing in South Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We surveyed HIV testers at 4 public testing sites in Rio Grande do Sul. We obtained information on risk behaviors and sexual partnerships. HIV testing and testing for recent infection were performed; HIV prevalence and risk behaviors were assessed among subjects who reported having a steady partner who was HIV positive (serodiscordant group) and compared with the general testing population.
\r\n 
\r\nRESULTS: Among 3100 patients, 490 (15.8%) reported being in a steady relationship with an HIV positive partner. New HIV infections were diagnosed in 23% of the serodiscordant group (vs. 13% in the general population, p = 0.01); among newly positive subjects, recent HIV infections were more frequent (23\/86, 26.7%) among testers with positive partners than among the general testing group (52\/334; 15.6%; p = 0.016). Less than half of the serodiscordant testers reported having used a condom during the last sexual intercourse with their HIV-positive partner. Participants with inconsistent condom use with steady partner were four times more likely to test positive for HIV compared to those who reported always using condoms with the steady partner (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 2.3 to 7.5).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: It is highly feasible to identify large numbers of HIV susceptible individuals who are in HIV serodiscordant relationships in South Brazil testing sites. Condom use within HIV serodiscordant couples is low in this setting, suggesting urgent need for biomedical prevention strategies to reduce HIV transmission.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

J\u00fanior, Orlando C. Ferreira; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone<\/p>

Tr\u00eas d\u00e9cadas de diagn\u00f3stico de HIV: a experi\u00eancia brasileira<\/a> Book Chapter<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>pp. 19-30, <\/span>Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Paganella, Machline Paim; Cohen, Rachel A.; Harris, D. Robert; de Souza Kuchenbecker, Ricardo; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, Sergio Kakuta; da Silva, Carmem L\u00facia Oliveira; Hazra, Rohan; for the NISDI PLACES Protocol,<\/p>

Association between antiretroviral treatment and metabolic abnormalities (dyslipidemia and glucose abnormalities) in a cohort of hiv-infected Latin American children Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015)., <\/span>Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia <\/span>Gramado, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{NISDIPLACESProtocol2015,
\r\ntitle = {Association between antiretroviral treatment and metabolic abnormalities (dyslipidemia and glucose abnormalities) in a cohort of hiv-infected Latin American children},
\r\nauthor = {Machline Paim Paganella and Rachel A. Cohen and D. Robert Harris and Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Sergio Kakuta Kato and Carmem L\u00facia Oliveira da Silva and Rohan Hazra AND for the NISDI PLACES Protocol},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-08-29},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015).},
\r\naddress = {Gramado, RS, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has demonstrated unquestionable value in reducing morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected children. Despite these benefits, studies have found an association between HAART and metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, and glucose abnormalities such as insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes, especially for regimens including protease inhibitors (PIs). Objective: To estimate the incidence of lipid and glucose abnormalities and assess their association with exposure to PI-containing and non-PI-containing antiretroviral (ARV) regimens compared to no ARVs among perinatally HIV-infected Latin American children.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Data were analyzed for children from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) PLACES (Pediatric Latin American Countries Epidemiologic Study) prospective cohort study. The incidence of dyslipidemia (total cholesterol>200mg\/dL, HDL<35mg\/dL, LDL\u2265130mg\/dL, triglycerides>110md\/dL for age<10 years and >150mg\/dL for \u226510 years) and glucose abnormalities (IR: HOMA-IR>2.5 for Tanner Stage 1 or >4.0 for Tanner Stage >1; impaired glucose: fasting glucose 110 to <126mg\/dL; diabetes: fasting glucose\u2265126mg\/dL) was estimated. Proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate risk of abnormalities associated with ARV regimen, adjusted for covariates.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 500 children, 385 were eligible for the analysis; mean age was 6.6 years. Incident cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 18.1% of subjects (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.1-22.8%); HDL and LDL cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 19.6% (15.1-24.7%) and 15.0% (11.3-19.5%), respectively, and triglyceride abnormalities in 44.2% (37.7-50.8%). Type of ARV regimen used was only associated with triglyceride abnormalities in multivariable analysis; subjects receiving a PI-containing regimen were nearly four times as likely to experience a triglyceride abnormality as those receiving no ARVs (adjusted hazard ratio=3.6, 95% CI: 1.3-10.5; p=0.0167). The cumulative incidence of IR was 3.8% (95% CI: 1.8-7.1); there were no incident cases of diabetes and only two incident cases of impaired fasting glucose.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Children receiving PI-containing regimens were at increased risk of developing triglyceride abnormalities. Continued monitoring of lipid levels in children receiving PI-containing regimens appears warranted.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has demonstrated unquestionable value in reducing morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected children. Despite these benefits, studies have found an association between HAART and metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, and glucose abnormalities such as insulin resistance (IR) and type II diabetes, especially for regimens including protease inhibitors (PIs). Objective: To estimate the incidence of lipid and glucose abnormalities and assess their association with exposure to PI-containing and non-PI-containing antiretroviral (ARV) regimens compared to no ARVs among perinatally HIV-infected Latin American children.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Data were analyzed for children from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) PLACES (Pediatric Latin American Countries Epidemiologic Study) prospective cohort study. The incidence of dyslipidemia (total cholesterol>200mg\/dL, HDL<35mg\/dL, LDL\u2265130mg\/dL, triglycerides>110md\/dL for age<10 years and >150mg\/dL for \u226510 years) and glucose abnormalities (IR: HOMA-IR>2.5 for Tanner Stage 1 or >4.0 for Tanner Stage >1; impaired glucose: fasting glucose 110 to <126mg\/dL; diabetes: fasting glucose\u2265126mg\/dL) was estimated. Proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate risk of abnormalities associated with ARV regimen, adjusted for covariates.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 500 children, 385 were eligible for the analysis; mean age was 6.6 years. Incident cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 18.1% of subjects (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.1-22.8%); HDL and LDL cholesterol abnormalities were reported in 19.6% (15.1-24.7%) and 15.0% (11.3-19.5%), respectively, and triglyceride abnormalities in 44.2% (37.7-50.8%). Type of ARV regimen used was only associated with triglyceride abnormalities in multivariable analysis; subjects receiving a PI-containing regimen were nearly four times as likely to experience a triglyceride abnormality as those receiving no ARVs (adjusted hazard ratio=3.6, 95% CI: 1.3-10.5; p=0.0167). The cumulative incidence of IR was 3.8% (95% CI: 1.8-7.1); there were no incident cases of diabetes and only two incident cases of impaired fasting glucose.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Children receiving PI-containing regimens were at increased risk of developing triglyceride abnormalities. Continued monitoring of lipid levels in children receiving PI-containing regimens appears warranted.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro; Paganella, Machline Paim; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; de Gregori Adami, Aline; Litvin, Isnard Elman; Costamilan, S\u00edlvia Mariani<\/p>

Impacto da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal em gestantes vivendo com HIV\/AIDS. Estudo caso-controle. Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015)., <\/span>Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia <\/span>Gramado, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Madi2015,
\r\ntitle = {Impacto da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal em gestantes vivendo com HIV\/AIDS. Estudo caso-controle.},
\r\nauthor = {Jos\u00e9 Mauro Madi and Machline Paim Paganella and S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato and Rosa Dea Sperhacke and Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni and Aline de Gregori Adami and Isnard Elman Litvin and S\u00edlvia Mariani Costamilan},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-08-29},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015).},
\r\naddress = {Gramado, RS, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: Estima-se que o n\u00famero de gestantes com HIV no Brasil seja de aproximadamente 12 mil casos por ano. A assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal \u00e9 um dos pilares do cuidado na sa\u00fade materno-infantil e sua pr\u00e1tica com qualidade est\u00e1 associada a melhores desfechos perinatais. A qualidade dessa assist\u00eancia pode ser avaliada atrav\u00e9s do n\u00famero de consultas realizadas e da idade gestacional de ingresso no servi\u00e7o de sa\u00fade. Assim, torna-se fundamental vincular precocemente as gestantes HIV ao servi\u00e7o pr\u00e9-natal de alto risco. OBJETIVOS: Conhecer o perfil e avaliar o impacto da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal em gestantes de alto risco infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV.
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Estudo caso-controle realizado com pacientes atendidas no per\u00edodo de Mar\u00e7o\/1998 a Dezembro\/2014, no Servi\u00e7o de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia do Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul, servi\u00e7o de refer\u00eancia regional para atendimento de gestantes de alto risco. As gestantes HIV positivas (casos) e as gestantes HIV negativas (grupo controle) foram pareadas por faixa et\u00e1ria e idade gestacional (1:5). Os crit\u00e9rios utilizados para a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do pr\u00e9-natal foram n\u00famero de consultas, tipo de parto, principais intercorr\u00eancias, peso do neonato e evolu\u00e7\u00e3o fetal.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Dentre os 20.113 nascimentos ocorridos no per\u00edodo, foram identificadas 164 gestantes HIV positivo (0,8%). O grupo controle contou com 816 gestantes. Ambos os grupos apresentaram m\u00e9dia de idade de 29 anos e 97,5% dos casos realizaram pr\u00e9-natal, enquanto que no grupo controle, 96,9% realizaram (p=0,868). A taxa de ces\u00e1reas foi de 35,6% dentre as gestantes HIV positivo; no grupo controle, a taxa foi 23,3% (OR= 1,82 IC95% 1,27 \u2013 2,61). N\u00e3o houve diferen\u00e7a significativa entre os grupos quanto ao n\u00famero de consultas realizadas (m\u00e9dia de 7 consultas). As principais intercorr\u00eancias identificadas foram infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria (19,2%), anemia (7,7%), hipertens\u00e3o arterial pr\u00e9via (7,0%), parto prematuro (6,1%), diabete melito gestacional (5,5%), amea\u00e7a de aborto (3,6%) e aminiorrexe (2,4%). N\u00e3o houve diferen\u00e7a estat\u00edstica entre os grupos, exceto para a infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria, que teve preval\u00eancia inferior no grupo de casos (OR= 0,50 IC95% 0,30 \u2013 0,83). Observou-se equival\u00eancia entre os grupos quanto \u00e0 aus\u00eancia de complica\u00e7\u00f5es no parto (92%), peso m\u00e9dio do neonato de 2.984\u00b1 620g. Em ambos os grupos, mais de 80% dos neonatos apresentaram evolu\u00e7\u00e3o normal. Conforme a Figura 1 observa-se que o grupo de casos est\u00e1 associado ao tamanho Adequado para Idade Gestacional (AIG) enquanto que o grupo controle ao tamanho Grande para a Idade Gestacional (GIG), o tamanho Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional (PIG) n\u00e3o se associou a nenhum grupo (p=0,028).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Apesar do estudo considerar apenas pacientes de alto risco com e sem HIV, a preval\u00eancia da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal foi pr\u00f3xima entre os grupos. Os dados demonstram a equival\u00eancia entre gestantes infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV quanto ao n\u00famero de consultas realizadas, intercorr\u00eancias identificadas durante a gesta\u00e7\u00e3o e aus\u00eancia de complica\u00e7\u00f5es no parto. A taxa de ces\u00e1reas no grupo de casos foi significativamente maior do que no grupo controle. Este estudo refor\u00e7a a relev\u00e2ncia do pr\u00e9-natal na redu\u00e7\u00e3o da morbimortalidade em gestantes de alto risco infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV. O monitoramento da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal pode se tornar uma ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de interven\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: Estima-se que o n\u00famero de gestantes com HIV no Brasil seja de aproximadamente 12 mil casos por ano. A assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal \u00e9 um dos pilares do cuidado na sa\u00fade materno-infantil e sua pr\u00e1tica com qualidade est\u00e1 associada a melhores desfechos perinatais. A qualidade dessa assist\u00eancia pode ser avaliada atrav\u00e9s do n\u00famero de consultas realizadas e da idade gestacional de ingresso no servi\u00e7o de sa\u00fade. Assim, torna-se fundamental vincular precocemente as gestantes HIV ao servi\u00e7o pr\u00e9-natal de alto risco. OBJETIVOS: Conhecer o perfil e avaliar o impacto da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal em gestantes de alto risco infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV.
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Estudo caso-controle realizado com pacientes atendidas no per\u00edodo de Mar\u00e7o\/1998 a Dezembro\/2014, no Servi\u00e7o de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia do Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul, servi\u00e7o de refer\u00eancia regional para atendimento de gestantes de alto risco. As gestantes HIV positivas (casos) e as gestantes HIV negativas (grupo controle) foram pareadas por faixa et\u00e1ria e idade gestacional (1:5). Os crit\u00e9rios utilizados para a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do pr\u00e9-natal foram n\u00famero de consultas, tipo de parto, principais intercorr\u00eancias, peso do neonato e evolu\u00e7\u00e3o fetal.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Dentre os 20.113 nascimentos ocorridos no per\u00edodo, foram identificadas 164 gestantes HIV positivo (0,8%). O grupo controle contou com 816 gestantes. Ambos os grupos apresentaram m\u00e9dia de idade de 29 anos e 97,5% dos casos realizaram pr\u00e9-natal, enquanto que no grupo controle, 96,9% realizaram (p=0,868). A taxa de ces\u00e1reas foi de 35,6% dentre as gestantes HIV positivo; no grupo controle, a taxa foi 23,3% (OR= 1,82 IC95% 1,27 \u2013 2,61). N\u00e3o houve diferen\u00e7a significativa entre os grupos quanto ao n\u00famero de consultas realizadas (m\u00e9dia de 7 consultas). As principais intercorr\u00eancias identificadas foram infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria (19,2%), anemia (7,7%), hipertens\u00e3o arterial pr\u00e9via (7,0%), parto prematuro (6,1%), diabete melito gestacional (5,5%), amea\u00e7a de aborto (3,6%) e aminiorrexe (2,4%). N\u00e3o houve diferen\u00e7a estat\u00edstica entre os grupos, exceto para a infec\u00e7\u00e3o urin\u00e1ria, que teve preval\u00eancia inferior no grupo de casos (OR= 0,50 IC95% 0,30 \u2013 0,83). Observou-se equival\u00eancia entre os grupos quanto \u00e0 aus\u00eancia de complica\u00e7\u00f5es no parto (92%), peso m\u00e9dio do neonato de 2.984\u00b1 620g. Em ambos os grupos, mais de 80% dos neonatos apresentaram evolu\u00e7\u00e3o normal. Conforme a Figura 1 observa-se que o grupo de casos est\u00e1 associado ao tamanho Adequado para Idade Gestacional (AIG) enquanto que o grupo controle ao tamanho Grande para a Idade Gestacional (GIG), o tamanho Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional (PIG) n\u00e3o se associou a nenhum grupo (p=0,028).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Apesar do estudo considerar apenas pacientes de alto risco com e sem HIV, a preval\u00eancia da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal foi pr\u00f3xima entre os grupos. Os dados demonstram a equival\u00eancia entre gestantes infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV quanto ao n\u00famero de consultas realizadas, intercorr\u00eancias identificadas durante a gesta\u00e7\u00e3o e aus\u00eancia de complica\u00e7\u00f5es no parto. A taxa de ces\u00e1reas no grupo de casos foi significativamente maior do que no grupo controle. Este estudo refor\u00e7a a relev\u00e2ncia do pr\u00e9-natal na redu\u00e7\u00e3o da morbimortalidade em gestantes de alto risco infectadas ou n\u00e3o pelo HIV. O monitoramento da assist\u00eancia pr\u00e9-natal pode se tornar uma ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de interven\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

de Ara\u00fajo, Breno Fauth; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Amaral, Luciana Boeira; Costamilan, S\u00edlvia Mariani; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; de Gregori Adami, Aline; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

Aumento da preval\u00eancia de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita: dados epidemiol\u00f3gicos da UTI neonatal do Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015)., <\/span>Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia <\/span>Gramado, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Ara\u00fajo2015,
\r\ntitle = {Aumento da preval\u00eancia de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita: dados epidemiol\u00f3gicos da UTI neonatal do Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul},
\r\nauthor = {Breno Fauth de Ara\u00fajo AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Luciana Boeira Amaral AND S\u00edlvia Mariani Costamilan AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Aline de Gregori Adami AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-08-27},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015).},
\r\naddress = {Gramado, RS, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita constitui um tradicional evento-sentinela para monitoramento da Aten\u00e7\u00e3o Prim\u00e1ria em Sa\u00fade por se tratar de uma doen\u00e7a de f\u00e1cil preven\u00e7\u00e3o, cuja ocorr\u00eancia sugere falhas no funcionamento da rede de aten\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica e\/ou da sua integra\u00e7\u00e3o com o sistema de sa\u00fade. O Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul (HGCS), localizado na regi\u00e3o nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), \u00e9 referenciado para o atendimento ao parto em gestantes de alto risco de 49 munic\u00edpios da 5\u00aa Coordenadoria Regional da Sa\u00fade do RS. Desde o in\u00edcio das atividades, 7224 rec\u00e9m-nascidos (RN) foram atendidos na UTI Neonatal do HGCS, sendo 388 (5,4%) RN de m\u00e3es com s\u00edfilis.
\r\n
\r\nOBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil epidemiol\u00f3gico de parturientes e RN internados na UTI Neonatal do HGCS e suas m\u00e3es no per\u00edodo entre 1998-2015. M\u00c9TODOS: Os dados foram obtidos a partir de vari\u00e1veis sociodemogr\u00e1ficas, obst\u00e9tricas e do RN provenientes do prontu\u00e1rio m\u00e9dico. Foi utilizada a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de caso de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita preconizada pelo Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais desde janeiro de 2004.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s parturientes foi observado o predom\u00ednio na faixa et\u00e1ria de 20-34 anos (69,5%), baixa escolaridade (49% analfabetas ou com ensino fundamental incompleto) e residentes na cidade de Caxias do Sul (85,3%). O n\u00famero m\u00e9dio de gesta\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores foi de 3 (DP=2,5), sendo que 24,6% apresentaram aborto previamente. A maioria das parturientes realizou menos do que seis consultas durante o pr\u00e9-natal (55%) e 15% n\u00e3o realizaram pr\u00e9-natal. Foram identificadas 27 parturientes (7,0%) com co-infec\u00e7\u00e3o com HIV. Houve predomin\u00e2ncia do parto normal (66,8%) e sexo masculino (54,6%) para os RNs, sendo que 23,6% dos partos foram prematuros. Com rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao \u00edndice de Apgar, a maioria apresentou boa vitalidade (Apgar \u2265 7) no 1\u00b0 e 5\u00b0 minuto, respectivamente, 82,9% e 95,0%. Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao peso fetal, 10,5% dos RN eram pequenos para a idade gestacional (RNPIG). O tempo de interna\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dio foi de 12,9 dias (DP=9,1), sendo que 2,8% dos pacientes foram a \u00f3bito. Foi observado um aumento na ocorr\u00eancia de casos de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita entre os anos de 2011 (3,2%), 2012 (7,6%), 2013 (9,4%) e 2014 (10,6%) na UTI Neonatal do HGCS.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Os resultados obtidos neste estudo s\u00e3o indicativos de falhas na aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s gestantes na rede de aten\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica. Apesar dos esfor\u00e7os recentes adotados para o combate \u00e0 transmiss\u00e3o vertical da s\u00edfilis no Brasil, identificou-se a eleva\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00famero de casos na regi\u00e3o nordeste do RS.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita constitui um tradicional evento-sentinela para monitoramento da Aten\u00e7\u00e3o Prim\u00e1ria em Sa\u00fade por se tratar de uma doen\u00e7a de f\u00e1cil preven\u00e7\u00e3o, cuja ocorr\u00eancia sugere falhas no funcionamento da rede de aten\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica e\/ou da sua integra\u00e7\u00e3o com o sistema de sa\u00fade. O Hospital Geral de Caxias do Sul (HGCS), localizado na regi\u00e3o nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), \u00e9 referenciado para o atendimento ao parto em gestantes de alto risco de 49 munic\u00edpios da 5\u00aa Coordenadoria Regional da Sa\u00fade do RS. Desde o in\u00edcio das atividades, 7224 rec\u00e9m-nascidos (RN) foram atendidos na UTI Neonatal do HGCS, sendo 388 (5,4%) RN de m\u00e3es com s\u00edfilis.
\r\n
\r\nOBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil epidemiol\u00f3gico de parturientes e RN internados na UTI Neonatal do HGCS e suas m\u00e3es no per\u00edodo entre 1998-2015. M\u00c9TODOS: Os dados foram obtidos a partir de vari\u00e1veis sociodemogr\u00e1ficas, obst\u00e9tricas e do RN provenientes do prontu\u00e1rio m\u00e9dico. Foi utilizada a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de caso de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita preconizada pelo Departamento de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais desde janeiro de 2004.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s parturientes foi observado o predom\u00ednio na faixa et\u00e1ria de 20-34 anos (69,5%), baixa escolaridade (49% analfabetas ou com ensino fundamental incompleto) e residentes na cidade de Caxias do Sul (85,3%). O n\u00famero m\u00e9dio de gesta\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores foi de 3 (DP=2,5), sendo que 24,6% apresentaram aborto previamente. A maioria das parturientes realizou menos do que seis consultas durante o pr\u00e9-natal (55%) e 15% n\u00e3o realizaram pr\u00e9-natal. Foram identificadas 27 parturientes (7,0%) com co-infec\u00e7\u00e3o com HIV. Houve predomin\u00e2ncia do parto normal (66,8%) e sexo masculino (54,6%) para os RNs, sendo que 23,6% dos partos foram prematuros. Com rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao \u00edndice de Apgar, a maioria apresentou boa vitalidade (Apgar \u2265 7) no 1\u00b0 e 5\u00b0 minuto, respectivamente, 82,9% e 95,0%. Em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao peso fetal, 10,5% dos RN eram pequenos para a idade gestacional (RNPIG). O tempo de interna\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dio foi de 12,9 dias (DP=9,1), sendo que 2,8% dos pacientes foram a \u00f3bito. Foi observado um aumento na ocorr\u00eancia de casos de s\u00edfilis cong\u00eanita entre os anos de 2011 (3,2%), 2012 (7,6%), 2013 (9,4%) e 2014 (10,6%) na UTI Neonatal do HGCS.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Os resultados obtidos neste estudo s\u00e3o indicativos de falhas na aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s gestantes na rede de aten\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica. Apesar dos esfor\u00e7os recentes adotados para o combate \u00e0 transmiss\u00e3o vertical da s\u00edfilis no Brasil, identificou-se a eleva\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00famero de casos na regi\u00e3o nordeste do RS.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Buffon, Viviane Raquel; Michelim, Lessandra; Henriques, Jo\u00e3o Ant\u00f4nio Pegas; Pasqualotto, F\u00e1bio Firmbach; Rombaldi, Renato Lu\u00eds; Pasqualotto, Eleonora Bedin; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Juchem, Andr\u00e9 Luiz Mendes; Trindade, Cristiano; Santos, Rafael Amoroso; Andres, Pamila Pricila Fredi; da Silveira Limberger, Renata<\/p>

HIV\/AIDS e infertilidade masculina: genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica em usu\u00e1rios de terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015)., <\/span>Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia <\/span>Gramado, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2015<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Limberger2015,
\r\ntitle = {HIV\/AIDS e infertilidade masculina: genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica em usu\u00e1rios de terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia},
\r\nauthor = {Viviane Raquel Buffon AND Lessandra Michelim AND Jo\u00e3o Ant\u00f4nio Pegas Henriques AND F\u00e1bio Firmbach Pasqualotto AND Renato Lu\u00eds Rombaldi AND Eleonora Bedin Pasqualotto AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Andr\u00e9 Luiz Mendes Juchem AND Cristiano Trindade AND Rafael Amoroso Santos AND Pamila Pricila Fredi Andres AND Renata da Silveira Limberger},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-08-26},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX Congresso Brasileiro de Infectologia (Infecto2015).},
\r\naddress = {Gramado, RS, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A S\u00edndrome da Imunodefici\u00eancia Adquirida (SIDA) \u00e9 desencadeada pelo v\u00edrus da imunodefici\u00eancia humana (HIV). Apenas dois anos ap\u00f3s a sua identifica\u00e7\u00e3o, desenvolveram-se f\u00e1rmacos que reduziram a infectividade e replica\u00e7\u00e3o viral. Apesar de todos os benef\u00edcios proporcionados, um n\u00famero crescente de co-morbidades relacionadas \u00e0 terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia (TARV) foram diagnosticadas. Entre elas, menor probabilidade de concep\u00e7\u00e3o indica que pode diminuir a compet\u00eancia reprodutiva.
\r\n
\r\nOBJETIVOS: determinar, em homens adultos com HIV aderentes a TARV, a genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica induzida por esses f\u00e1rmacos pelo Ensaio Cometa e o espermograma, comparando com pacientes com HIV naive de terapia antirretroviral 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Estudo caso-controle, qualitativo e quantitativo realizado no ambulat\u00f3rio de Infectologia da Prefeitura e na Universidade de Caxias do Sul. A an\u00e1lise foi realizada utilizando-se N\u00edvel de Signific\u00e2ncia 5%, Poder 80% e Desvio Padr\u00e3o de 6,2 um com aumento esperado de 5um da cauda do cometa nos pacientes em uso de terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia por meio do Software WinPepi vers\u00e3o 10.4, totalizando 52 pacientes, sendo 26 naive. Os crit\u00e9rios de exclus\u00e3o: diagn\u00f3stico pr\u00e9vio de infertilidade, m\u00e1 ades\u00e3o ao tratamento, idade inferior a 18 anos e doen\u00e7a oportunista com diagn\u00f3stico recente.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: O \u00edndice de dano analisado de espermatoz\u00f3ides de 45 pacientes com e sem TARV variou de 1 a 364. J\u00e1 a frequ\u00eancia de dano oscilou de 1% a 100%. Observou-se que quanto mais recente o diagn\u00f3stico de HIV, maior o \u00edndice de dano. No entanto, a frequ\u00eancia de dano foi semelhante entre os per\u00edodos analisados em anos. Quanto menor o CD4 e maior a carga viral, maior o \u00edndice e frequ\u00eancia de danos apesar de n\u00e3o haver diferen\u00e7a estat\u00edstica. No entanto, houve um aumento dos danos quando CD4 maior de 500. Verificou-se um poss\u00edvel fator protetor entre tempo de uso de TARV e redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos \u00edndices de danos. No esquema de TARV, o inibidor de protease relacionou-se a menor genotoxicidade. O uso de drogas e o etilismo conferiram maior dano gen\u00e9tico quando comparado aos n\u00e3o dependentes qu\u00edmicos.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00d5ES: No estudo, pode-se inferir uma correla\u00e7\u00e3o ben\u00e9fica entre a redu\u00e7\u00e3o da carga viral pelo uso de TARV na genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica de pacientes com retrovirose, reduzindo a infertilidade masculina nesse grupo de pacientes. A amplia\u00e7\u00e3o da amostra \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria para concluir se a TARV \u00e9 um fator genoprotetor a longo prazo para o DNA esperm\u00e1tico.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: A S\u00edndrome da Imunodefici\u00eancia Adquirida (SIDA) \u00e9 desencadeada pelo v\u00edrus da imunodefici\u00eancia humana (HIV). Apenas dois anos ap\u00f3s a sua identifica\u00e7\u00e3o, desenvolveram-se f\u00e1rmacos que reduziram a infectividade e replica\u00e7\u00e3o viral. Apesar de todos os benef\u00edcios proporcionados, um n\u00famero crescente de co-morbidades relacionadas \u00e0 terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia (TARV) foram diagnosticadas. Entre elas, menor probabilidade de concep\u00e7\u00e3o indica que pode diminuir a compet\u00eancia reprodutiva.
\r\n
\r\nOBJETIVOS: determinar, em homens adultos com HIV aderentes a TARV, a genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica induzida por esses f\u00e1rmacos pelo Ensaio Cometa e o espermograma, comparando com pacientes com HIV naive de terapia antirretroviral 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Estudo caso-controle, qualitativo e quantitativo realizado no ambulat\u00f3rio de Infectologia da Prefeitura e na Universidade de Caxias do Sul. A an\u00e1lise foi realizada utilizando-se N\u00edvel de Signific\u00e2ncia 5%, Poder 80% e Desvio Padr\u00e3o de 6,2 um com aumento esperado de 5um da cauda do cometa nos pacientes em uso de terapia antirretroviral de alta pot\u00eancia por meio do Software WinPepi vers\u00e3o 10.4, totalizando 52 pacientes, sendo 26 naive. Os crit\u00e9rios de exclus\u00e3o: diagn\u00f3stico pr\u00e9vio de infertilidade, m\u00e1 ades\u00e3o ao tratamento, idade inferior a 18 anos e doen\u00e7a oportunista com diagn\u00f3stico recente.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: O \u00edndice de dano analisado de espermatoz\u00f3ides de 45 pacientes com e sem TARV variou de 1 a 364. J\u00e1 a frequ\u00eancia de dano oscilou de 1% a 100%. Observou-se que quanto mais recente o diagn\u00f3stico de HIV, maior o \u00edndice de dano. No entanto, a frequ\u00eancia de dano foi semelhante entre os per\u00edodos analisados em anos. Quanto menor o CD4 e maior a carga viral, maior o \u00edndice e frequ\u00eancia de danos apesar de n\u00e3o haver diferen\u00e7a estat\u00edstica. No entanto, houve um aumento dos danos quando CD4 maior de 500. Verificou-se um poss\u00edvel fator protetor entre tempo de uso de TARV e redu\u00e7\u00e3o dos \u00edndices de danos. No esquema de TARV, o inibidor de protease relacionou-se a menor genotoxicidade. O uso de drogas e o etilismo conferiram maior dano gen\u00e9tico quando comparado aos n\u00e3o dependentes qu\u00edmicos.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00d5ES: No estudo, pode-se inferir uma correla\u00e7\u00e3o ben\u00e9fica entre a redu\u00e7\u00e3o da carga viral pelo uso de TARV na genotoxicidade esperm\u00e1tica de pacientes com retrovirose, reduzindo a infertilidade masculina nesse grupo de pacientes. A amplia\u00e7\u00e3o da amostra \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria para concluir se a TARV \u00e9 um fator genoprotetor a longo prazo para o DNA esperm\u00e1tico.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Paganella, Machline Paim; Pilcher, Christopher D.; Bisol, Cl\u00e1udia A.; Vallabhaneni, Snigdha; Motta, Leonardo R.; Kato, S\u00e9rgio K.; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kall\u00e1s, Esper; Hecht, Frederick M.; Diaz, Ricardo S.<\/p>

Comportamento de alto risco entre parcerias sorodiscordantes identificadas nos centros de testagem e aconselhamento para HIV no sul do Brasil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

Jornal Brasileiro de Doen\u00e7as Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis, <\/span>vol. 27, <\/span>n\u00e3o Suplemento 1, <\/span>Sociedade Brasileira de Doen\u00e7as Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis <\/span>2015<\/span>, ISBN: 0103-4065<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Diaz2015b,
\r\ntitle = {Comportamento de alto risco entre parcerias sorodiscordantes identificadas nos centros de testagem e aconselhamento para HIV no sul do Brasil},
\r\nauthor = {Machline Paim Paganella AND Christopher D. Pilcher AND Cl\u00e1udia A. Bisol AND Snigdha Vallabhaneni AND Leonardo R. Motta AND S\u00e9rgio K. Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Esper Kall\u00e1s AND Frederick M. Hecht AND Ricardo S. Diaz},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Resumo_DST_ANAIS15.pdf},
\r\nisbn = {0103-4065},
\r\nyear  = {2015},
\r\ndate = {2015-05-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {Jornal Brasileiro de Doen\u00e7as Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis},
\r\nvolume = {27},
\r\nnumber = {Suplemento 1},
\r\npages = {131},
\r\norganization = {Sociedade Brasileira de Doen\u00e7as Sexualmente Transmiss\u00edveis},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: As estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o da transmiss\u00e3o da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo v\u00edrus da imunodefici\u00eancia humana (HIV) em casais sorodiscordantes geralmente s\u00e3o voltadas para as pessoas HIV positivas, n\u00e3o havendo consenso sobre a abordagem das parcerias soronegativas. Objetivo: Identificar e quantificar a ocorr\u00eancia de comportamentos de risco em pessoas HIV negativas com parceria HIV positiva fixa. 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Examinamos a frequ\u00eancia com que os participantes de um estudo transversal relataram ter parceria HIV positiva no formul\u00e1rio padr\u00e3o do servi\u00e7o e\/ou no question\u00e1rio do estudo. Avaliamos comportamentos de risco e novos diagn\u00f3sticos de infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em pacientes \u201cpotencialmente sorodiscordantes\u201d em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os outros pacientes na popula\u00e7\u00e3o em geral. O diagn\u00f3stico de HIV foi realizado seguindo o algoritmo de testagem padr\u00e3o. O teste BED EIA HIV-1 (Calypte Biomedical, Portland, OR; ODn cutoff=0,8) foi utilizado para classificar pessoas recentemente infectadas pelo HIV.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Entre os 3.100 pacientes com nenhum teste reagente para HIV anterior, 490 (15,8%) relataram estar em um relacionamento fixo com uma pessoa HIV positiva. Esta propor\u00e7\u00e3o foi semelhante tanto para homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) como em heterossexuais. Menos da metade dos participantes reportou ter usado o preservativo durante o \u00faltimo ato sexual com o parceiro HIV positivo. Apenas um quarto dos homens heterossexuais e um ter\u00e7o dos HSH e mulheres reportaram o uso consistente de preservativos com seu parceiro no \u00faltimo ano. Os principais motivos para n\u00e3o usar preservativo com o parceiro fixo foram: \u201cconfia no parceiro\u201d (31,7%), seguido de \u201cn\u00e3o gosta\u201d (15,1%) e \u201cparceiro n\u00e3o aceita\u201d (8,9%). Foram diagnosticadas novas infec\u00e7\u00f5es pelo HIV em 23% do grupo de pacientes potencialmente discordantes (versus 13% na popula\u00e7\u00e3o geral; p=0,01). Participantes com uso inconsistente de preservativos com parceiro fixo apresentaram uma chance 4 vezes maior de ter resultado positivo para HIV, quando comparados com aqueles que reportaram sempre usar preservativos com o parceiro fixo (OR=4,2; IC95% 2,3\u20137,5). Houve uma maior ades\u00e3o \u00e0 utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de preservativos com parcerias casuais no \u00faltimo ato sexual, variando de 58,5% (homens heterossexuais) a 75% (HSH e mulheres).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Parcerias sorodiscordantes fixas, com elevado risco de transmiss\u00e3o do HIV, podem ser identificadas no momento da testagem e do aconselhamento. O acesso a essa popula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 fundamental para a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o em localidades com alta incid\u00eancia de HIV.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODU\u00c7\u00c3O: As estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o da transmiss\u00e3o da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo v\u00edrus da imunodefici\u00eancia humana (HIV) em casais sorodiscordantes geralmente s\u00e3o voltadas para as pessoas HIV positivas, n\u00e3o havendo consenso sobre a abordagem das parcerias soronegativas. Objetivo: Identificar e quantificar a ocorr\u00eancia de comportamentos de risco em pessoas HIV negativas com parceria HIV positiva fixa. 
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: Examinamos a frequ\u00eancia com que os participantes de um estudo transversal relataram ter parceria HIV positiva no formul\u00e1rio padr\u00e3o do servi\u00e7o e\/ou no question\u00e1rio do estudo. Avaliamos comportamentos de risco e novos diagn\u00f3sticos de infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV em pacientes \u201cpotencialmente sorodiscordantes\u201d em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os outros pacientes na popula\u00e7\u00e3o em geral. O diagn\u00f3stico de HIV foi realizado seguindo o algoritmo de testagem padr\u00e3o. O teste BED EIA HIV-1 (Calypte Biomedical, Portland, OR; ODn cutoff=0,8) foi utilizado para classificar pessoas recentemente infectadas pelo HIV.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: Entre os 3.100 pacientes com nenhum teste reagente para HIV anterior, 490 (15,8%) relataram estar em um relacionamento fixo com uma pessoa HIV positiva. Esta propor\u00e7\u00e3o foi semelhante tanto para homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) como em heterossexuais. Menos da metade dos participantes reportou ter usado o preservativo durante o \u00faltimo ato sexual com o parceiro HIV positivo. Apenas um quarto dos homens heterossexuais e um ter\u00e7o dos HSH e mulheres reportaram o uso consistente de preservativos com seu parceiro no \u00faltimo ano. Os principais motivos para n\u00e3o usar preservativo com o parceiro fixo foram: \u201cconfia no parceiro\u201d (31,7%), seguido de \u201cn\u00e3o gosta\u201d (15,1%) e \u201cparceiro n\u00e3o aceita\u201d (8,9%). Foram diagnosticadas novas infec\u00e7\u00f5es pelo HIV em 23% do grupo de pacientes potencialmente discordantes (versus 13% na popula\u00e7\u00e3o geral; p=0,01). Participantes com uso inconsistente de preservativos com parceiro fixo apresentaram uma chance 4 vezes maior de ter resultado positivo para HIV, quando comparados com aqueles que reportaram sempre usar preservativos com o parceiro fixo (OR=4,2; IC95% 2,3\u20137,5). Houve uma maior ades\u00e3o \u00e0 utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de preservativos com parcerias casuais no \u00faltimo ato sexual, variando de 58,5% (homens heterossexuais) a 75% (HSH e mulheres).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c3O: Parcerias sorodiscordantes fixas, com elevado risco de transmiss\u00e3o do HIV, podem ser identificadas no momento da testagem e do aconselhamento. O acesso a essa popula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 fundamental para a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de estrat\u00e9gias de preven\u00e7\u00e3o em localidades com alta incid\u00eancia de HIV.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2013<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Ribeiro, Rosangela Maria M.; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral; Group, HIV Rapid Test Evaluation<\/p>

Evaluation of five simple rapid HIV assays for potential use in the Brazilian national HIV testing algorithm.<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>J Virol Methods, <\/span>vol. 194, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1-2, <\/span>pp. 132-7, <\/span>2013<\/span>, ISBN: 1879-0984<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Motta2013,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of five simple rapid HIV assays for potential use in the Brazilian national HIV testing algorithm.},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Rosangela Maria M. Ribeiro AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio AND HIV Rapid Test Evaluation Group},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0166093413003480},
\r\ndoi = {10.1016\/j.jviromet.2013.08.016},
\r\nisbn = {1879-0984},
\r\nyear  = {2013},
\r\ndate = {2013-08-28},
\r\njournal = {J Virol Methods},
\r\nvolume = {194},
\r\nnumber = {1-2},
\r\npages = {132-7},
\r\nabstract = {Since 2005, the Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Viral Hepatitis under the Health Surveillance Secretariat in Brazil's Ministry of Health has approved a testing algorithm for using rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests in the country. Given the constant emergence of new rapid HIV tests in the market, it is necessary to maintain an evaluation program for them. Conscious of this need, this multicenter study was conducted to evaluate five commercially available rapid HIV tests used to detect anti-HIV antibodies in Brazil. The five commercial rapid tests under assessment were the VIKIA HIV-1\/2 (bioM\u00e9rieux, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), the Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2 (Center of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil), the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy (S.D., Kyonggi-do, South Korea), the Labtest HIV (Labtest Diagn\u00f3stica, Lagoa Santa, Brazil) and the HIV-1\/2 Rapid Test Bio-Manguinhos (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). A total of 972 whole-blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients, pregnant women and individuals seeking voluntary counselling and testing who were recruited from five centers in different regions of the country. Informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The results were compared with those obtained using the HIV algorithm used currently in Brazil, which includes two enzyme immunoassays and one Western blot test. The operational performance of each assay was also compared to the defined criteria. A total of 972 samples were tested using reference assays, and the results indicated 143 (14.7%) reactive samples and 829 (85.3%) nonreactive samples. Sensitivity values ranged from 99.3 to 100%, and specificity was 100% for all five rapid tests. All of the rapid tests performed well, were easy to perform and yielded high scores in the operational performance analysis. Three tests, however, fulfilled all of the prerequisites established previously by the Department of STDs, AIDS and Viral Hepatitis: the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, the Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2 and the VIKIA HIV-1\/2. Three of the five tests evaluated (the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, the Rapid Check HIV 1 and 2 and the VIKIA HIV-1\/2) performed as well as the reference assays and fulfilled the requirements for use in the Brazilian national algorithm.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Since 2005, the Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Viral Hepatitis under the Health Surveillance Secretariat in Brazil's Ministry of Health has approved a testing algorithm for using rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests in the country. Given the constant emergence of new rapid HIV tests in the market, it is necessary to maintain an evaluation program for them. Conscious of this need, this multicenter study was conducted to evaluate five commercially available rapid HIV tests used to detect anti-HIV antibodies in Brazil. The five commercial rapid tests under assessment were the VIKIA HIV-1\/2 (bioM\u00e9rieux, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), the Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2 (Center of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil), the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy (S.D., Kyonggi-do, South Korea), the Labtest HIV (Labtest Diagn\u00f3stica, Lagoa Santa, Brazil) and the HIV-1\/2 Rapid Test Bio-Manguinhos (Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). A total of 972 whole-blood samples were collected from HIV-infected patients, pregnant women and individuals seeking voluntary counselling and testing who were recruited from five centers in different regions of the country. Informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The results were compared with those obtained using the HIV algorithm used currently in Brazil, which includes two enzyme immunoassays and one Western blot test. The operational performance of each assay was also compared to the defined criteria. A total of 972 samples were tested using reference assays, and the results indicated 143 (14.7%) reactive samples and 829 (85.3%) nonreactive samples. Sensitivity values ranged from 99.3 to 100%, and specificity was 100% for all five rapid tests. All of the rapid tests performed well, were easy to perform and yielded high scores in the operational performance analysis. Three tests, however, fulfilled all of the prerequisites established previously by the Department of STDs, AIDS and Viral Hepatitis: the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, the Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2 and the VIKIA HIV-1\/2. Three of the five tests evaluated (the HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, the Rapid Check HIV 1 and 2 and the VIKIA HIV-1\/2) performed as well as the reference assays and fulfilled the requirements for use in the Brazilian national algorithm.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2012<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Pilcher, Christopher D.; Kassanjee, Reshma; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Facente, Shelley; Keating, Sheila; McKinney, Elaine; Hecht, Frederick; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Busch, Michael P.; Murphy, Gary; Esfandiari, Javan; Welte, Alex<\/p>

DPP Supplemental Rapid Test Data Can Discriminate Recent from Longstanding HIV Infection<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

2012 HIV Diagnostics Conference, <\/span>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Association of Public Health Laboratories and the National Minority AIDS Council. <\/span>Atlanta, GA, USA, <\/span>2012<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{daWelte2012,
\r\ntitle = {DPP Supplemental Rapid Test Data Can Discriminate Recent from Longstanding HIV Infection},
\r\nauthor = {Christopher D. Pilcher AND Reshma Kassanjee AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Shelley Facente AND Sheila Keating AND Elaine McKinney AND Frederick Hecht AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Michael P. Busch AND Gary Murphy AND Javan Esfandiari AND Alex Welte},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/custom.cvent.com\/ADE0EB81B3184D618E2FB8340F1EC28E\/files\/29f3717707a44f91859f65feb4cefec6.pdfhttps:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/HIVDiagnosticsConference2012_Page88.pdf},
\r\nyear  = {2012},
\r\ndate = {2012-12-12},
\r\nbooktitle = {2012 HIV Diagnostics Conference},
\r\npages = {88},
\r\naddress = {Atlanta, GA, USA},
\r\norganization = {Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Association of Public Health Laboratories and the National Minority AIDS Council.},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: HIV-1\/2 discriminatory rapid tests using dual path platform (DPP) technology have replaced Western blot and IFA as preferred supplemental testing in many laboratories in Brazil, and a derivative assay (Geenius) has been developed by Biorad that is now being introduced to ex-US markets and in clinical trials for US FDA clearance, beyond the claims DPP has for high sensitivity and specificity, this class of rapid tests is also unique in that it generates reproducible, quantitative results for antibody binding (i.e., band intensities) against multiple HIV antigens. We investigated the potential performance of the existing Chembio DPP HIV-1\/2 Confirmatory Test as a test for recent HIV infection. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 234 specimens from antiretroviral-na\u00efve subtype B or C HIV-infected individuals were collected in US, South Africa, and Brazil. Samples were selected from subjects in whom the date of seroconversion was known to within 45 days; duration of time from seroconversion to sample collection varied from 8 days to 7 years (mean 1.5 years). Intensity of gp36, gp41, p24, gp120 and gp160 bands was measured as light reflectance units, using the DPP reader at 20 minutes. Optimal band intensity value thresholds were selected using ROC analysis, based on their ability to correctly classify individual samples as being within 90, 120 or 180 days of seroconversion. To assess potential utility of band intensity thresholds for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation, we further calculated window periods (or, mean durations of recent infection, MDRI) based on linear interpolation of the observed data. The \u201cfalse-recent rate\u201d was calculated as the proportion of samples classified as recent among those >365 days from seroconversion. MDRI and FRR were calculated for both single band intensity thresholds and for combination algorithms using data from multiple bands.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Individual staging analysis: Different single band intensity thresholds were selected as optimal for classifying infections as being < 90, < 2% with only very slight reduction in the MDRI.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In addition to confirming HIV-1 and HIV-2 status, DPP supplemental tests could also be used to routinely stage individual\u2019s infections as being acute, recent or longstanding. The method we describe is novel and must be further evaluated, but our data suggest that the risk of misclassifying longstanding (>1 yr) infections as \u2018recent\u2019 using routine DPP data could be very low. The possibility of using routinely collected DPP data for surveillance of recent infection and incidence estimation are being further investigated.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: HIV-1\/2 discriminatory rapid tests using dual path platform (DPP) technology have replaced Western blot and IFA as preferred supplemental testing in many laboratories in Brazil, and a derivative assay (Geenius) has been developed by Biorad that is now being introduced to ex-US markets and in clinical trials for US FDA clearance, beyond the claims DPP has for high sensitivity and specificity, this class of rapid tests is also unique in that it generates reproducible, quantitative results for antibody binding (i.e., band intensities) against multiple HIV antigens. We investigated the potential performance of the existing Chembio DPP HIV-1\/2 Confirmatory Test as a test for recent HIV infection. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 234 specimens from antiretroviral-na\u00efve subtype B or C HIV-infected individuals were collected in US, South Africa, and Brazil. Samples were selected from subjects in whom the date of seroconversion was known to within 45 days; duration of time from seroconversion to sample collection varied from 8 days to 7 years (mean 1.5 years). Intensity of gp36, gp41, p24, gp120 and gp160 bands was measured as light reflectance units, using the DPP reader at 20 minutes. Optimal band intensity value thresholds were selected using ROC analysis, based on their ability to correctly classify individual samples as being within 90, 120 or 180 days of seroconversion. To assess potential utility of band intensity thresholds for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation, we further calculated window periods (or, mean durations of recent infection, MDRI) based on linear interpolation of the observed data. The \u201cfalse-recent rate\u201d was calculated as the proportion of samples classified as recent among those >365 days from seroconversion. MDRI and FRR were calculated for both single band intensity thresholds and for combination algorithms using data from multiple bands.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Individual staging analysis: Different single band intensity thresholds were selected as optimal for classifying infections as being < 90, < 2% with only very slight reduction in the MDRI.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In addition to confirming HIV-1 and HIV-2 status, DPP supplemental tests could also be used to routinely stage individual\u2019s infections as being acute, recent or longstanding. The method we describe is novel and must be further evaluated, but our data suggest that the risk of misclassifying longstanding (>1 yr) infections as \u2018recent\u2019 using routine DPP data could be very low. The possibility of using routinely collected DPP data for surveillance of recent infection and incidence estimation are being further investigated.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Pilcher, Christopher D.; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacker, Rosa Dea; Hecht, Frederick; Diaz, Ricardo Sohbie; Stanga, Lisa; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo<\/p>

Performance of a \u201cRapid Results\u201d 4th Generation Immunoassay Algorithm<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

2012 HIV Diagnostics Conference, <\/span>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Association of Public Health Laboratories and the National Minority AIDS Council. <\/span>Atlanta, GA, USA, <\/span>2012<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Borges2012,
\r\ntitle = {Performance of a \u201cRapid Results\u201d 4th Generation Immunoassay Algorithm},
\r\nauthor = {Christopher D. Pilcher AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Rosa Dea Sperhacker AND Frederick Hecht AND Ricardo Sohbie Diaz AND Lisa Stanga AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/custom.cvent.com\/ADE0EB81B3184D618E2FB8340F1EC28E\/files\/29f3717707a44f91859f65feb4cefec6.pdf
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/HIVDiagnosticsConference2012_Page13.pdf},
\r\nyear  = {2012},
\r\ndate = {2012-12-12},
\r\nbooktitle = {2012 HIV Diagnostics Conference},
\r\npages = {13},
\r\naddress = {Atlanta, GA, USA},
\r\norganization = {Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Association of Public Health Laboratories and the National Minority AIDS Council.},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: Several automated analysers can deliver 4th generation HIV immunoassay (4GIA) results within a few hours of specimen draw. We report a prospective trial of rapid testing for acute and chronic HIV infection using an all rapid results algorithm.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: AMPLIAR Protocol 010 was a cross sectional study of HIV diagnostic testing, with a longitudinal component to follow patients with discrepant results to confirm HIV seroconversion and HIV status. Between 2007 and 2010, clients requesting HIV tests at 4 voluntary testing centers in South Brazil were enrolled. Site laboratories each performed 4GIA screening with confirmation by 3GIA and IFA\/WB. Blood samples were obtained for pooled RNA (bDNA, 1:20), confirmatory testing as needed and BED-CEIA analysis. Beginning in 2009, samples were immediately tested using the VIDAS Duo Ultra 4GIA, Determine HIV 1\/2 Ab rapid test and DPP HIV-1\/2 Confirmatory Immunoblot rapid test. We evaluated performance of a serial rapid results algorithm (rapid 4GIA reflexed to Ab rapid test +\/- confirmatory assay if 4GIA result is positive); a parallel algorithm (rapid 4GIA and Ab rapid test performed simultaneously, reflexed to confirmatory assay if either is positive); and standard batched 4GIA and pooled RNA-based algorithms.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 3,617 subjects were studied; of those 521 were confirmed HIV+ (HIV prevalence: 14.4%). A subset of 1,829 (296 HIV+) subjects were tested with the all-rapid-results algorithm. With a pooled RNA\/Ab algorithm as a reference standard we observed the following performance characteristics: 1. Algorithm: 4GIA-rapid (parallel,) Turnaround: 2.5 hours, Se of algorithm: 100.0 (98.8,100), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.0 (98.4,99.4) 2. Algorithm: 4GIA-rapid (serial), Turnaround: 3.5 hours, Se of algorithm: 98.9 (97.1,99.6), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.3 (98.8,99.6) 3. Algorithm: 4GIAstandard (serial), Turnaround: 1-3 weeks, Se of algorithm: 99.0 (97.8,99.6), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.3 (98.9,99.5) 4. Algorithm: Rapid Ab only, Turnaround: 1.0 hour, Se of algorithm: 98.4 (97.0, 99.2), Se of initial screening test(s): 99.8 (99.6,99.9).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Rapid results from an automated 4G assay analyser provided similar sensitivity and specificity to batched 4G testing. We found furthermore that an algorithm with parallel rapid 4G\/ rapid Ab screening as the first step in the algorithm significantly reduced the time to final result, when compared to an algorithm with sequential rapid 4G screening and rapid Ab testing as the first steps. Parallel rapid 4G\/rapid Ab testing also increased sensitivity. The parallel rapid test approach may be preferred when turnaround time is critical.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: Several automated analysers can deliver 4th generation HIV immunoassay (4GIA) results within a few hours of specimen draw. We report a prospective trial of rapid testing for acute and chronic HIV infection using an all rapid results algorithm.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: AMPLIAR Protocol 010 was a cross sectional study of HIV diagnostic testing, with a longitudinal component to follow patients with discrepant results to confirm HIV seroconversion and HIV status. Between 2007 and 2010, clients requesting HIV tests at 4 voluntary testing centers in South Brazil were enrolled. Site laboratories each performed 4GIA screening with confirmation by 3GIA and IFA\/WB. Blood samples were obtained for pooled RNA (bDNA, 1:20), confirmatory testing as needed and BED-CEIA analysis. Beginning in 2009, samples were immediately tested using the VIDAS Duo Ultra 4GIA, Determine HIV 1\/2 Ab rapid test and DPP HIV-1\/2 Confirmatory Immunoblot rapid test. We evaluated performance of a serial rapid results algorithm (rapid 4GIA reflexed to Ab rapid test +\/- confirmatory assay if 4GIA result is positive); a parallel algorithm (rapid 4GIA and Ab rapid test performed simultaneously, reflexed to confirmatory assay if either is positive); and standard batched 4GIA and pooled RNA-based algorithms.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 3,617 subjects were studied; of those 521 were confirmed HIV+ (HIV prevalence: 14.4%). A subset of 1,829 (296 HIV+) subjects were tested with the all-rapid-results algorithm. With a pooled RNA\/Ab algorithm as a reference standard we observed the following performance characteristics: 1. Algorithm: 4GIA-rapid (parallel,) Turnaround: 2.5 hours, Se of algorithm: 100.0 (98.8,100), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.0 (98.4,99.4) 2. Algorithm: 4GIA-rapid (serial), Turnaround: 3.5 hours, Se of algorithm: 98.9 (97.1,99.6), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.3 (98.8,99.6) 3. Algorithm: 4GIAstandard (serial), Turnaround: 1-3 weeks, Se of algorithm: 99.0 (97.8,99.6), Sp of initial screening test(s): 99.3 (98.9,99.5) 4. Algorithm: Rapid Ab only, Turnaround: 1.0 hour, Se of algorithm: 98.4 (97.0, 99.2), Se of initial screening test(s): 99.8 (99.6,99.9).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Rapid results from an automated 4G assay analyser provided similar sensitivity and specificity to batched 4G testing. We found furthermore that an algorithm with parallel rapid 4G\/ rapid Ab screening as the first step in the algorithm significantly reduced the time to final result, when compared to an algorithm with sequential rapid 4G screening and rapid Ab testing as the first steps. Parallel rapid 4G\/rapid Ab testing also increased sensitivity. The parallel rapid test approach may be preferred when turnaround time is critical.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Bass, Judith; Bisol, Claudia Alquati; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Paganella, Machline Paim; Vazzano, Andrea; Mahvi, A.<\/p>

Identifying the unique needs of HIV-positive pregnant women and HIV-positive new mothers in Brazil: a qualitative study<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2012), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEPE396, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Washington, DC, USA, <\/span>2012<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Mahvi2012,
\r\ntitle = {Identifying the unique needs of HIV-positive pregnant women and HIV-positive new mothers in Brazil: a qualitative study},
\r\nauthor = {Judith Bass AND Claudia Alquati Bisol AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Andrea Vazzano AND A. Mahvi},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/11043},
\r\nyear  = {2012},
\r\ndate = {2012-07-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2012)},
\r\nnumber = {WEPE396},
\r\naddress = {Washington, DC, USA},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: The perinatal period presents an important time to study mental health and psychosocial needs of HIV-infected women for whom medical aspects of HIV infection are under control. Pregnant women and new mothers with HIV are at risk for problems due to neurotropic properties of HIV, psychological stressors of stigma, and knowledge that they have a disease with no known cure. While most research investigates issues that researchers select as relevant, this qualitative study identifies problems from the point of view of the women themselves.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Free Listing interviews, a method that asks respondents questions designed to elicit responses in the form of a list, were implemented. Respondents included HIV-infected (N=30 pregnant; N=25 new mothers) and uninfected women (N=20 pregnant; N=20 new mothers), recruited from maternity hospitals in Porto Alegre and Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Results were compared across respondent HIV-status. Interviewers were local students and nurses. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among pregnant women, both HIV-infected and uninfected women reported anxiety, depression and lack of support from family and friends. Unique to HIV-infected women were worries about HIV transmission, impact of ART on the fetus, and fears specifically about not being around to see the child grow up. Among new mothers, depression and anxiety, as well as the issues with social support, continued for both groups. HIV-infected new mothers also talked about challenges they face with not being able to breastfeed, including stigma and their feelings of self-worth as a mother. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Women in the perinatal period experience a wide range of mental health and psychosocial issues. Assuring adequate HIV-treatment in this period does not reduce the burden of these challenges and adds new ones specific living with HIV. Learning directly from the women themselves can improve our ability to develop locally appropriate and sustainable programs to reduce these problems.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: The perinatal period presents an important time to study mental health and psychosocial needs of HIV-infected women for whom medical aspects of HIV infection are under control. Pregnant women and new mothers with HIV are at risk for problems due to neurotropic properties of HIV, psychological stressors of stigma, and knowledge that they have a disease with no known cure. While most research investigates issues that researchers select as relevant, this qualitative study identifies problems from the point of view of the women themselves.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Free Listing interviews, a method that asks respondents questions designed to elicit responses in the form of a list, were implemented. Respondents included HIV-infected (N=30 pregnant; N=25 new mothers) and uninfected women (N=20 pregnant; N=20 new mothers), recruited from maternity hospitals in Porto Alegre and Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Results were compared across respondent HIV-status. Interviewers were local students and nurses. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among pregnant women, both HIV-infected and uninfected women reported anxiety, depression and lack of support from family and friends. Unique to HIV-infected women were worries about HIV transmission, impact of ART on the fetus, and fears specifically about not being around to see the child grow up. Among new mothers, depression and anxiety, as well as the issues with social support, continued for both groups. HIV-infected new mothers also talked about challenges they face with not being able to breastfeed, including stigma and their feelings of self-worth as a mother. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Women in the perinatal period experience a wide range of mental health and psychosocial issues. Assuring adequate HIV-treatment in this period does not reduce the burden of these challenges and adds new ones specific living with HIV. Learning directly from the women themselves can improve our ability to develop locally appropriate and sustainable programs to reduce these problems.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Bisol, Claudia Alquati; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Paganella, Machline Paim; Vazzano, Andrea; Mahvi, A.; Bass, Judith<\/p>

The recommendation not to breastfeed: HIV infected pregnant women and new mothers report emotional suffering<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIX International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2012), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEPE397, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Washington, DC, USA, <\/span>2012<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Bass2012,
\r\ntitle = {The recommendation not to breastfeed: HIV infected pregnant women and new mothers report emotional suffering},
\r\nauthor = {Claudia Alquati Bisol AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Andrea Vazzano AND A. Mahvi AND Judith Bass},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/11067},
\r\nyear  = {2012},
\r\ndate = {2012-07-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIX International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2012)},
\r\nnumber = {WEPE397},
\r\naddress = {Washington, DC, USA},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Public health campaigns usually promote breastfeeding through campaign slogans such as 'breast is best' and 'breastfeeding is natural'. Psychodynamic approaches on motherhood emphasize the importance of breastfeeding for early mother-child bonding. HIV-infected women, however, are told to substitute breastfeeding for baby formula in many countries, including Brazil. This study seeks to investigate the main psychological issues raised by HIV-infected pregnant women and new mothers with regards to the recommendation not to breastfeed. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Free Listing interviews, a method that asks respondents questions designed to elicit responses in the form of a list, were conducted with HIV-infected pregnant women (n=30) and new mothers (n=25), aged \u226518, recruited from two maternity hospitals in Porto Alegre and Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Thematic content analysis was carried out. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The fear that not breastfeeding can disclose their serostatus is common to both pregnant women and new mothers. While pregnant women talk about the importance of breastfeeding for the baby's health, many new mothers state that their babies get sick more easily and suffer emotional consequences in terms of bonding, though some women did describe behaviors they did to actively bond with their babies. Pregnant women emphasize breastfeeding as a natural part of motherhood and the new mothers report their pain, guilt and sadness for not being able to meet this role. Both groups reported making up excuses to avoid other people's questions.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Health care providers should help HIV-infected women to face the challenges of not being allowed to breastfeed when that is the case. Attention should be paid to social constraints due to mainstream discourses that might reinforce feelings of inadequacy and guilt. Also, counseling and group support might alleviate the difficulties related to mother-child initial bonding.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Public health campaigns usually promote breastfeeding through campaign slogans such as 'breast is best' and 'breastfeeding is natural'. Psychodynamic approaches on motherhood emphasize the importance of breastfeeding for early mother-child bonding. HIV-infected women, however, are told to substitute breastfeeding for baby formula in many countries, including Brazil. This study seeks to investigate the main psychological issues raised by HIV-infected pregnant women and new mothers with regards to the recommendation not to breastfeed. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Free Listing interviews, a method that asks respondents questions designed to elicit responses in the form of a list, were conducted with HIV-infected pregnant women (n=30) and new mothers (n=25), aged \u226518, recruited from two maternity hospitals in Porto Alegre and Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Thematic content analysis was carried out. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The fear that not breastfeeding can disclose their serostatus is common to both pregnant women and new mothers. While pregnant women talk about the importance of breastfeeding for the baby's health, many new mothers state that their babies get sick more easily and suffer emotional consequences in terms of bonding, though some women did describe behaviors they did to actively bond with their babies. Pregnant women emphasize breastfeeding as a natural part of motherhood and the new mothers report their pain, guilt and sadness for not being able to meet this role. Both groups reported making up excuses to avoid other people's questions.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Health care providers should help HIV-infected women to face the challenges of not being allowed to breastfeed when that is the case. Attention should be paid to social constraints due to mainstream discourses that might reinforce feelings of inadequacy and guilt. Also, counseling and group support might alleviate the difficulties related to mother-child initial bonding.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Bisol, Cl\u00e1udia; Vazzano, Andrea; Bass, Judith<\/p>

Viv\u00eancias de gestantes e m\u00e3es com HIV<\/a> Livro<\/span> <\/p>

1\u00b0 ed, <\/span>EDUCS, <\/span>Rua Francisco Get\u00falio Vargas, 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2012<\/span>, ISBN: 978-85-7061-635-7<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@book{Bass2012b,
\r\ntitle = {Viv\u00eancias de gestantes e m\u00e3es com HIV},
\r\nauthor = {Cl\u00e1udia Bisol and Andrea Vazzano and Judith Bass},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/VIVENCIAS_GESTANTES_HIV_EDUCS.pdf},
\r\nisbn = {978-85-7061-635-7},
\r\nyear  = {2012},
\r\ndate = {2012-07-11},
\r\npublisher = {EDUCS},
\r\naddress = {Rua Francisco Get\u00falio Vargas, 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil},
\r\nedition = {1\u00b0 ed},
\r\nabstract = {Este livro \u00e9 resultado de um projeto de pesquisa da Universidade Johns Hopkins (Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica), desenvolvido no Brasil com a coopera\u00e7\u00e3o de pesquisadores da Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS). Nele, s\u00e3o encontradas informa\u00e7\u00f5es importantes e a experi\u00eancia de vida de mulheres que eram gestantes e m\u00e3es de crian\u00e7as de at\u00e9 dois anos de idade. Durante este per\u00edodo, foram entrevistadas ou participaram de grupos de discuss\u00e3o, compartilhando suas dificuldades, seus problemas e a forma como os enfrentam. S\u00e3o mulheres corajosas, que mostram for\u00e7a para manter seus sonhos vivos, gerar seus beb\u00eas saud\u00e1veis e cuidar de suas crian\u00e7as com alegria.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {book}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2011<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Ribeiro, Ros\u00e2ngela Maria M.; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral; Group, HIV Rapid Test Evaluation<\/p>

Assesment of a novel HIV rapid confirmatory assay: imunoblot r\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV 1\/2<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o MOPE145, <\/span>Rome, Italy, <\/span>2011<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{HIVRapidTestEvaluationGroup2011,
\r\ntitle = {Assesment of a novel HIV rapid confirmatory assay: imunoblot r\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV 1\/2},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Ros\u00e2ngela Maria M. Ribeiro AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio AND HIV Rapid Test Evaluation Group},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/9393},
\r\nyear  = {2011},
\r\ndate = {2011-07-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {MOPE145},
\r\naddress = {Rome, Italy},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd (Bio-Manguinhos, Brazil) is a single-use immunocromatographic rapid test for the detection of individual antibodies (gp36, gp160, gp120, gp41 and p24) in whole blood, serum or plasma. DPP\u00ae assays presents two different paths: one for the sample and other for conjugated. The test takes less than 30 minutes to perform, results are visually read and it can differentiate an HIV-1 or 2 infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd in a multi-center study in Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Following informed consent, whole blood was obtained from patients enrolled in five clinic centers from distinct regions of Brazil, and tested by the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd well as by a dual-immunoassay+WB algorithm that defined the reference standard for HIV infection. Obtained results were interpreted in accordance with the manufacturer\u00b4s instructions.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: A total of 964 samples were obtained: 139 (14.4%) were positive and 825 negative for HIV-1 antibodies according to the reference algorithm. Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae was easy to perform. On examination by two different readers, discrepancies in band pattern interpretation were present in 1.38% of analyses; affecting the final interpretation. Consensus results were used for performance calculations. From 139 positive samples, 134 were positive and 4 indeterminate (clinical sensitivity: 96.4% (95% CI: 93.4-98.1)) Among HIV negative samples, the DPP assay gave indeterminate results in 3\/825 samples but also gave \u201cconfirmed positive\u201d results in 3\/825 negative samples (clinical specificity: 99.3% (95% CI: 98.8-99.6)).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The reliability of the test was similar with most of confirmatory HIV tests commercially available. These results support the use of the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae as part of Brazil's national HIV test algorithm, as a rapid confirmatory test, which might facilitate expansion of VCT services and improve the efficiency in HIV results return.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd (Bio-Manguinhos, Brazil) is a single-use immunocromatographic rapid test for the detection of individual antibodies (gp36, gp160, gp120, gp41 and p24) in whole blood, serum or plasma. DPP\u00ae assays presents two different paths: one for the sample and other for conjugated. The test takes less than 30 minutes to perform, results are visually read and it can differentiate an HIV-1 or 2 infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd in a multi-center study in Brazil.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Following informed consent, whole blood was obtained from patients enrolled in five clinic centers from distinct regions of Brazil, and tested by the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV \u00bd well as by a dual-immunoassay+WB algorithm that defined the reference standard for HIV infection. Obtained results were interpreted in accordance with the manufacturer\u00b4s instructions.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: A total of 964 samples were obtained: 139 (14.4%) were positive and 825 negative for HIV-1 antibodies according to the reference algorithm. Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae was easy to perform. On examination by two different readers, discrepancies in band pattern interpretation were present in 1.38% of analyses; affecting the final interpretation. Consensus results were used for performance calculations. From 139 positive samples, 134 were positive and 4 indeterminate (clinical sensitivity: 96.4% (95% CI: 93.4-98.1)) Among HIV negative samples, the DPP assay gave indeterminate results in 3\/825 samples but also gave \u201cconfirmed positive\u201d results in 3\/825 negative samples (clinical specificity: 99.3% (95% CI: 98.8-99.6)).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The reliability of the test was similar with most of confirmatory HIV tests commercially available. These results support the use of the Imunoblot R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae as part of Brazil's national HIV test algorithm, as a rapid confirmatory test, which might facilitate expansion of VCT services and improve the efficiency in HIV results return.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Ribeiro, Ros\u00e2ngela Maria M.; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral; Group, HIV Rapid Test Evaluation<\/p>

Evaluation of five simple rapid HIV assays for use with national HIV test algorithm in Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o MOPE132, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rome, Italy, <\/span>2011<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{HIVRapidTestEvaluationGroup2011b,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of five simple rapid HIV assays for use with national HIV test algorithm in Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Ros\u00e2ngela Maria M. Ribeiro AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio AND HIV Rapid Test Evaluation Group},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/8091},
\r\nyear  = {2011},
\r\ndate = {2011-07-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {MOPE132},
\r\naddress = {Rome, Italy},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Since 2006, the Department of STD, AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (D DST AIDS\/HV, Brazil Ministry of Health Surveillance Secretariat) has been using a test algorithm that relies only on rapid testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection in special situations (i.e. occupational exposure, pregnant women without prenatal care, etc.). Because Brazil has unique viral subtypes, test performance must be validated in Brazil. This multi-center study was conducted as part of a D DST AIDS\/HV evaluation to assess diagnostic testing performance of five rapid tests-all available, but not yet approved for use in Brazil-against a panel of diverse Brazilian specimens.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We evaluated the following tests: VIKIA\u00ae HIV 1\/2 ; Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, Labtest HIV, Teste R\u00e1pido HIV 1\/2 - Bio-Manguinhos. After informed consent, whole blood was obtained from patients enrolled in five clinic centers from distinct regions of Brazil. Results of rapid test assays were analyzed using a reference standard that defined HIV infection using a dual-immunoassay (4th\/3rd generation) + Western blot.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 972 samples, 143 (14.9%) were confirmed HIV antibody positive, while 829 were negative. For the five tests evaluated, clinical sensitivity ranged from 99.3 to 100% and clinical specificity was 100% for all tests. Three tests met all the performance requirements from D DST AIDS\/HV (clinical sensitivity = 100%): VIKIA\u00ae HIV 1\/2; Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. All tests were easy to perform and scored well on an operational assay performance evaluation.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Of the tests evaluated, three showed performance equivalent to the reference tests on samples of whole blood and were approved for use according with the national test algorithm.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Since 2006, the Department of STD, AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (D DST AIDS\/HV, Brazil Ministry of Health Surveillance Secretariat) has been using a test algorithm that relies only on rapid testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection in special situations (i.e. occupational exposure, pregnant women without prenatal care, etc.). Because Brazil has unique viral subtypes, test performance must be validated in Brazil. This multi-center study was conducted as part of a D DST AIDS\/HV evaluation to assess diagnostic testing performance of five rapid tests-all available, but not yet approved for use in Brazil-against a panel of diverse Brazilian specimens.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We evaluated the following tests: VIKIA\u00ae HIV 1\/2 ; Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy, Labtest HIV, Teste R\u00e1pido HIV 1\/2 - Bio-Manguinhos. After informed consent, whole blood was obtained from patients enrolled in five clinic centers from distinct regions of Brazil. Results of rapid test assays were analyzed using a reference standard that defined HIV infection using a dual-immunoassay (4th\/3rd generation) + Western blot.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 972 samples, 143 (14.9%) were confirmed HIV antibody positive, while 829 were negative. For the five tests evaluated, clinical sensitivity ranged from 99.3 to 100% and clinical specificity was 100% for all tests. Three tests met all the performance requirements from D DST AIDS\/HV (clinical sensitivity = 100%): VIKIA\u00ae HIV 1\/2; Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. All tests were easy to perform and scored well on an operational assay performance evaluation.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Of the tests evaluated, three showed performance equivalent to the reference tests on samples of whole blood and were approved for use according with the national test algorithm.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Cuccarolo, Gustavo Endres; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

Evaluation of four rapid tests to detect HIV recent seroconversion<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o CDB069, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rome, Italy, <\/span>2011<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Sperhacke2011,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of four rapid tests to detect HIV recent seroconversion},
\r\nauthor = {Gustavo Endres Cuccarolo AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/8047},
\r\nyear  = {2011},
\r\ndate = {2011-07-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {CDB069},
\r\naddress = {Rome, Italy},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: HIV incidence estimation represents a challenge to health authorities and carries a substantial cost. The use of rapid tests to identify recent seroconversion may be an alternative for studies of HIV incidence once they do not require complex laboratory infrastructure and are easily performed. This study assessed the feasibility of four rapid HIV tests which were modified in order to reduce its sensitivity (detuned), aiming the detection of recent seroconversion.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: As gold standard, BED-CEIA assay (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA Capture) which allows distinguishing patients with recent infection (less than 154 days) from patients with HIV chronic infection was carried out. Initially, the following rapid tests were evaluated: VIKIA\u00ae HIV-1\/2, Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, Teste R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV-1\/2 Bio-Manguinhos and HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. Dilutions with high concordance between rapid tests and gold standard were chosen. Rapid Check and Bioeasy were excluded due to discrepant results during dilution standardization. 213 HIV positive samples by two serological tests were selected, being 91 recent and 122 chronic by BED-CEIA assay. The samples were tested with VIKIA\u00ae (dilution 1:1100) and Bio-Manguinhos (dilution 1:560) assays. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: VIKIA\u00ae and Bio-Manguinhos tests results presented a concordance of 75.6% (95% CI: 71.6 to 76.9; Kappa = 0.465) and 77.9% (95% CI: 73.2 - 80.5; Kappa = 0.525), respectively. VIKIA\u00ae assay misclassified 52 samples and Bio-Manguinhos 47 samples. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The applicability of rapid tests in classifying recent and chronic infection has not been established and there is a lack of rapid tests designed to diagnose recent infection. Data showed the evaluated rapid tests are not recommended for detecting recent seroconversion, enlightening the need of developing standardized rapid tests which can be used as tools to estimate incidence of HIV infection.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: HIV incidence estimation represents a challenge to health authorities and carries a substantial cost. The use of rapid tests to identify recent seroconversion may be an alternative for studies of HIV incidence once they do not require complex laboratory infrastructure and are easily performed. This study assessed the feasibility of four rapid HIV tests which were modified in order to reduce its sensitivity (detuned), aiming the detection of recent seroconversion.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: As gold standard, BED-CEIA assay (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA Capture) which allows distinguishing patients with recent infection (less than 154 days) from patients with HIV chronic infection was carried out. Initially, the following rapid tests were evaluated: VIKIA\u00ae HIV-1\/2, Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, Teste R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV-1\/2 Bio-Manguinhos and HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. Dilutions with high concordance between rapid tests and gold standard were chosen. Rapid Check and Bioeasy were excluded due to discrepant results during dilution standardization. 213 HIV positive samples by two serological tests were selected, being 91 recent and 122 chronic by BED-CEIA assay. The samples were tested with VIKIA\u00ae (dilution 1:1100) and Bio-Manguinhos (dilution 1:560) assays. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: VIKIA\u00ae and Bio-Manguinhos tests results presented a concordance of 75.6% (95% CI: 71.6 to 76.9; Kappa = 0.465) and 77.9% (95% CI: 73.2 - 80.5; Kappa = 0.525), respectively. VIKIA\u00ae assay misclassified 52 samples and Bio-Manguinhos 47 samples. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The applicability of rapid tests in classifying recent and chronic infection has not been established and there is a lack of rapid tests designed to diagnose recent infection. Data showed the evaluated rapid tests are not recommended for detecting recent seroconversion, enlightening the need of developing standardized rapid tests which can be used as tools to estimate incidence of HIV infection.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Diaz, Ricardo Sohbie; Chies, Jos\u00e9 Artur Bogo<\/p>

High prevalence of CXCR4 using HIV-1 strains as predicted by genotypic tools among recently infected antiretroviral na\u00efve individuals and among subtype C strains in Southern Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o CDB119, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rome, Italy, <\/span>2011<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Chies2011,
\r\ntitle = {High prevalence of CXCR4 using HIV-1 strains as predicted by genotypic tools among recently infected antiretroviral na\u00efve individuals and among subtype C strains in Southern Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Ricardo Sohbie Diaz AND Jos\u00e9 Artur Bogo Chies},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/9016},
\r\nyear  = {2011},
\r\ndate = {2011-07-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {6th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {CDB119},
\r\naddress = {Rome, Italy},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Specificity of HIV-1 coreceptor usage for CCR5 or CXCR4 is believed to be dictated mainly by the V3 loop's structure and charge. Understanding the tropism of circulating strains is critical for the therapeutic use of CCR5 antagonists, disease natural history comprehension and prediction of disease progression. This study analyzed the coreceptor tropism of HIV-1 subtypes B, C and BC recombinants of drug na\u00efve individuals from Rio Grande do Sul through genotypic tools.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Stored plasma specimens from 81 patients, enrolled on Project Ampliar, known to be infected with subtypes B (30), C (25) or BC (26) recombinants based on RT and PR sequences along the pol gene were selected. After nested PCR, the V3 region of env gene was sequenced and the tropism inferred using genotypic methods: Raymond's Rule, Geno2pheno coreceptor 5% and 10%, WebPSSMX4R5, SINSI(B), SINSI(C), R5\/X4-Pred and NSI\/SI-Pred. A sample was considered as CXCR4 tropic strain if any of genotypic tools classified as such, otherwise it was considered R5.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Forty-seven (58%) individuals were men, 15 (18.5%) were recent seroconverters and 78 (96.3%) reported sexual exposure. Subtypes found at env region were 36 B (44.4%) and 45 C (55.6%). The overall prevalence of R5 viruses was 71.6%. Considering the subtypes from both pol and env regions, CXCR4 usage was predicted in 28.6% of BC recombinants, 31% of B and 25% of C. CXCR4 tropic strains proportions among subtypes from env region, which determines the tropism, were 33.3% for B and 24.4% for C (no statistical differencep=0.263). X4 prevalence in recent seroconverters was 33.3%. There was no association between tropism and viral load.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Significant prevalence of CXCR4 tropic strains (28.4%) was found among drug na\u00efve HIV-1 infected individuals from southern Brazil, including recent seroconverters and subtype C, which has been previously associated to infrequent transition from R5 to X4 strains.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Specificity of HIV-1 coreceptor usage for CCR5 or CXCR4 is believed to be dictated mainly by the V3 loop's structure and charge. Understanding the tropism of circulating strains is critical for the therapeutic use of CCR5 antagonists, disease natural history comprehension and prediction of disease progression. This study analyzed the coreceptor tropism of HIV-1 subtypes B, C and BC recombinants of drug na\u00efve individuals from Rio Grande do Sul through genotypic tools.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Stored plasma specimens from 81 patients, enrolled on Project Ampliar, known to be infected with subtypes B (30), C (25) or BC (26) recombinants based on RT and PR sequences along the pol gene were selected. After nested PCR, the V3 region of env gene was sequenced and the tropism inferred using genotypic methods: Raymond's Rule, Geno2pheno coreceptor 5% and 10%, WebPSSMX4R5, SINSI(B), SINSI(C), R5\/X4-Pred and NSI\/SI-Pred. A sample was considered as CXCR4 tropic strain if any of genotypic tools classified as such, otherwise it was considered R5.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Forty-seven (58%) individuals were men, 15 (18.5%) were recent seroconverters and 78 (96.3%) reported sexual exposure. Subtypes found at env region were 36 B (44.4%) and 45 C (55.6%). The overall prevalence of R5 viruses was 71.6%. Considering the subtypes from both pol and env regions, CXCR4 usage was predicted in 28.6% of BC recombinants, 31% of B and 25% of C. CXCR4 tropic strains proportions among subtypes from env region, which determines the tropism, were 33.3% for B and 24.4% for C (no statistical differencep=0.263). X4 prevalence in recent seroconverters was 33.3%. There was no association between tropism and viral load.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Significant prevalence of CXCR4 tropic strains (28.4%) was found among drug na\u00efve HIV-1 infected individuals from southern Brazil, including recent seroconverters and subtype C, which has been previously associated to infrequent transition from R5 to X4 strains.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Peixoto, Mario Ferreira; Pilotto, Jos\u00e9 Henrique; Stoszek, Sonia Karolina; Kreitchmann, Regis; Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa M\u00e1rcia; Melo, Victor Hugo; Jo\u00e3o, Esa\u00fa Custodio; Ceriotto, Mariana; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Read, Jennifer<\/p>

Lopinavir\/ritonavir dosing during pregnancy in Brazil and maternal\/infant laboratory abnormalities<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Braz J Infect Dis, <\/span>vol. 15, <\/span>n\u00e3o 3, <\/span>pp. 253-261, <\/span>2011<\/span>, ISBN: 1678-4391<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Read2011,
\r\ntitle = {Lopinavir\/ritonavir dosing during pregnancy in Brazil and maternal\/infant laboratory abnormalities},
\r\nauthor = {Mario Ferreira Peixoto AND Jos\u00e9 Henrique Pilotto AND Sonia Karolina Stoszek AND Regis Kreitchmann AND Marisa M\u00e1rcia Mussi-Pinhata AND Victor Hugo Melo AND Esa\u00fa Custodio Jo\u00e3o AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Jennifer Read},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1413867011701854},
\r\ndoi = {10.1016\/S1413-8670(11)70185-4},
\r\nisbn = {1678-4391},
\r\nyear  = {2011},
\r\ndate = {2011-06-10},
\r\njournal = {Braz J Infect Dis},
\r\nvolume = {15},
\r\nnumber = {3},
\r\npages = {253-261},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: To describe laboratory abnormalities among HIV-infected women and their infants with standard and increased lopinavir\/ritonavir (LPV\/r) dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We evaluated data on pregnant women from NISDI cohorts (2002-2009) enrolled in Brazil, who received at least 28 days of LPV\/r during the third pregnancy trimester and gave birth to singleton infants.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 164 women received LPV\/r standard dosing [(798\/198 or 800\/200 mg\/ day) (Group 1)] and 70 increased dosing [(> 800\/200 mg\/day) (Group 2)]. Group 1 was more likely to have advanced clinical disease and to use ARVs for treatment, and less likely to have CD4 counts \u2265 500 cells\/mm3. Mean plasma viral load was higher in Group 2. There were statistically significant, but not clinically meaningful, differences between groups in mean AST, ALT, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The proportion of women with Grade 3 or 4 adverse events was very low, with no statistically significant differences between groups in severe adverse events related to ALT, AST, total bilirubin, cholesterol, or triglycerides. There were statistically significant, but not clinically meaningful, differences between infant groups in ALT and creatinine. The proportion of infants with Grade 3 or 4 adverse events was very low, and there were no statistically significant differences in severe adverse events related to ALT, AST, BUN, or creatinine.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The proportions of women and infants with severe laboratory adverse events were very low. Increased LPV\/r dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy appears to be safe for HIV-infected women and their infants.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: To describe laboratory abnormalities among HIV-infected women and their infants with standard and increased lopinavir\/ritonavir (LPV\/r) dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We evaluated data on pregnant women from NISDI cohorts (2002-2009) enrolled in Brazil, who received at least 28 days of LPV\/r during the third pregnancy trimester and gave birth to singleton infants.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 164 women received LPV\/r standard dosing [(798\/198 or 800\/200 mg\/ day) (Group 1)] and 70 increased dosing [(> 800\/200 mg\/day) (Group 2)]. Group 1 was more likely to have advanced clinical disease and to use ARVs for treatment, and less likely to have CD4 counts \u2265 500 cells\/mm3. Mean plasma viral load was higher in Group 2. There were statistically significant, but not clinically meaningful, differences between groups in mean AST, ALT, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The proportion of women with Grade 3 or 4 adverse events was very low, with no statistically significant differences between groups in severe adverse events related to ALT, AST, total bilirubin, cholesterol, or triglycerides. There were statistically significant, but not clinically meaningful, differences between infant groups in ALT and creatinine. The proportion of infants with Grade 3 or 4 adverse events was very low, and there were no statistically significant differences in severe adverse events related to ALT, AST, BUN, or creatinine.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The proportions of women and infants with severe laboratory adverse events were very low. Increased LPV\/r dosing during the third trimester of pregnancy appears to be safe for HIV-infected women and their infants.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2010<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo; Krauss, Margot; Essama-Bibi, Suzanne; Hofer, Cristina; Harris, D. Robert; Tiraboschi, Adriana; de Souza, Ricardo; Marques, Heloisa; Succi, Regina; Abreu, Thalita; Negra, Marinella Della; Hazra, Rohan; Mofenson, Lynne M.; Siberry, George K.; 2010, NISDI Pediatric Study Group<\/p>

Viral Load Predicts New World Health Organization Stage 3 and 4 Events in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, Independent of CD4 T Lymphocyte Value<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Clin Infect Dis, <\/span>vol. 51, <\/span>n\u00e3o 11, <\/span>pp. 1325-1333, <\/span>2010<\/span>, ISBN: 1537-6591<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{NISDIPediatricStudyGroup2010,
\r\ntitle = {Viral Load Predicts New World Health Organization Stage 3 and 4 Events in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, Independent of CD4 T Lymphocyte Value},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo Hugo Oliveira AND Margot Krauss AND Suzanne Essama-Bibi AND Cristina Hofer AND D. Robert Harris AND Adriana Tiraboschi AND Ricardo de Souza AND Heloisa Marques AND Regina Succi AND Thalita Abreu AND Marinella Della Negra AND Rohan Hazra AND Lynne M. Mofenson AND George K. Siberry AND NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2010},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/cid.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/51\/11\/1325.full?sid=dd72010b-044b-42fa-8768-6abe8150f347
\r\nhttp:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3058781\/},
\r\ndoi = {10.1086\/657119},
\r\nisbn = {1537-6591},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-10-29},
\r\njournal = {Clin Infect Dis},
\r\nvolume = {51},
\r\nnumber = {11},
\r\npages = {1325-1333},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Many resource-limited countries rely on clinical and immunological monitoring without routine virological monitoring for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2013infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We assessed whether HIV load had independent predictive value in the presence of immunological and clinical data for the occurrence of new World Health Organization (WHO) stage 3 or 4 events (hereafter, WHO events) among HIV-infected children receiving HAART in Latin America. Methods. The NISDI (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative) Pediatric Protocol is an observational cohort study designed to describe HIV-related outcomes among infected children. Eligibility criteria for this analysis included perinatal infection, age 15 years, and continuous HAART for 6 months. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess time to new WHO events as a function of immunological status, viral load, hemoglobin level, and potential confounding variables; laboratory tests repeated during the study were treated as time-varying predictors.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up was 2.5 years; new WHO events occurred in 92 (15.8%) of 584 children. In proportional hazards modeling, most recent viral load 15000 copies\/mL was associated with a nearly doubled risk of developing a WHO event (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.05\u20133.11; Pp .033), even after adjustment for immunological status defined on the basis of CD4 T lymphocyte value, hemoglobin level, age, and body mass index. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Routine virological monitoring using the WHO virological failure threshold of 5000 copies\/mL adds independent predictive value to immunological and clinical assessments for identification of children receiving HAART who are at risk for significant HIV-related illness. To provide optimal care, periodic virological monitoring should be considered for all settings that provide HAART to children.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Many resource-limited countries rely on clinical and immunological monitoring without routine virological monitoring for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2013infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We assessed whether HIV load had independent predictive value in the presence of immunological and clinical data for the occurrence of new World Health Organization (WHO) stage 3 or 4 events (hereafter, WHO events) among HIV-infected children receiving HAART in Latin America. Methods. The NISDI (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative) Pediatric Protocol is an observational cohort study designed to describe HIV-related outcomes among infected children. Eligibility criteria for this analysis included perinatal infection, age 15 years, and continuous HAART for 6 months. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to assess time to new WHO events as a function of immunological status, viral load, hemoglobin level, and potential confounding variables; laboratory tests repeated during the study were treated as time-varying predictors.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up was 2.5 years; new WHO events occurred in 92 (15.8%) of 584 children. In proportional hazards modeling, most recent viral load 15000 copies\/mL was associated with a nearly doubled risk of developing a WHO event (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.05\u20133.11; Pp .033), even after adjustment for immunological status defined on the basis of CD4 T lymphocyte value, hemoglobin level, age, and body mass index. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Routine virological monitoring using the WHO virological failure threshold of 5000 copies\/mL adds independent predictive value to immunological and clinical assessments for identification of children receiving HAART who are at risk for significant HIV-related illness. To provide optimal care, periodic virological monitoring should be considered for all settings that provide HAART to children.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Cucarollo, Gustavo Endres; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea<\/p>

Evaluation of four rapid tests to detect HIV recent seroconversion Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XXI National Meeting of Virology & V Mercosur Meeting of Virology, <\/span>vol. 15, <\/span>n\u00e3o Supplement 1, <\/span>Brazilian Society for Virology <\/span>Gramado, RS, Brasil, <\/span>2010<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Sperhacke2010,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of four rapid tests to detect HIV recent seroconversion},
\r\nauthor = {Gustavo Endres Cucarollo AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-10-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {XXI National Meeting of Virology & V Mercosur Meeting of Virology},
\r\nvolume = {15},
\r\nnumber = {Supplement 1},
\r\npages = {264},
\r\naddress = {Gramado, RS, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {Brazilian Society for Virology},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: HIV incidence estimation represents a challenge to health authorities and carries a substantial cost. The use of rapid tests to identify recent seroconversion may be an alternative for studies of HIV incidence once they do not require complex laboratory infrastructure and are easily performed. This study, which belongs to AMPLIAR program, designed to study the biology of HIV, assessed the feasibility of four rapid HIV tests which were modified in order to reduce its sensitivity (detuned), aiming the detection of recent seroconversion. Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of rapid tests to detect recent seroconversion and its consequent use in studies of HIV incidence.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: As gold standard, BED-CEIA assay (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA Capture) which allows to distinguish patients with recent infection (less than 154 days) from patients with HIV chronic infection was carried out. Initially, the following rapid tests were evaluated: VIKIA\u00ae HIV-1\/2, Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, Teste R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV-1\/2 Bio-Manguinhos and HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. Dilutions with high concordance between rapid tests and gold standard were chosen. Rapid Check and Bioeasy were excluded due to discrepant results during dilution standardization. 213 HIV positive samples by two serological tests were selected, being 91 recent and 122 chronic by BED-CEIA assay. The samples were tested with VIKIA\u00ae (dilution 1:1100) and Bio-Manguinhos (dilution 1:560) assays 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: VIKIA\u00ae and Bio-Manguinhos tests results presented a concordance of 75.6% (95% CI: 71.6 - 76.9; Kappa = 0.465) and 77.9% (95% CI: 73.2 - 80.5; Kappa = 0.525), respectively. VIKIA\u00ae assay misclassified 52 samples and Bio-Manguinhos 47 samples. Discussion: We observed a moderate agreement between the assessed tests and the gold standard. Rapid tests used in the study were developed to detect HIV infection, applied in screening studies. So its use to differentiate between recent and chronic infection has not been established. These results demonstrate the need for studies in the development of rapid tests capable of diagnosing recent HIV infection. Additionally, recent studies raise questions about the performance of BED-CEIA assay, which could also explain the disagreement between results. Nevertheless, this is the unique commercially available test for this purpose currently.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Data showed the evaluated rapid tests are not recommended for detecting recent seroconversion, enlightening the need of developing standardized rapid tests which can be used as tools to estimate incidence of HIV infection.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: HIV incidence estimation represents a challenge to health authorities and carries a substantial cost. The use of rapid tests to identify recent seroconversion may be an alternative for studies of HIV incidence once they do not require complex laboratory infrastructure and are easily performed. This study, which belongs to AMPLIAR program, designed to study the biology of HIV, assessed the feasibility of four rapid HIV tests which were modified in order to reduce its sensitivity (detuned), aiming the detection of recent seroconversion. Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of rapid tests to detect recent seroconversion and its consequent use in studies of HIV incidence.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: As gold standard, BED-CEIA assay (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA Capture) which allows to distinguish patients with recent infection (less than 154 days) from patients with HIV chronic infection was carried out. Initially, the following rapid tests were evaluated: VIKIA\u00ae HIV-1\/2, Rapid Check HIV 1 & 2, Teste R\u00e1pido DPP\u00ae HIV-1\/2 Bio-Manguinhos and HIV-1\/2 3.0 Strip Test Bioeasy. Dilutions with high concordance between rapid tests and gold standard were chosen. Rapid Check and Bioeasy were excluded due to discrepant results during dilution standardization. 213 HIV positive samples by two serological tests were selected, being 91 recent and 122 chronic by BED-CEIA assay. The samples were tested with VIKIA\u00ae (dilution 1:1100) and Bio-Manguinhos (dilution 1:560) assays 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: VIKIA\u00ae and Bio-Manguinhos tests results presented a concordance of 75.6% (95% CI: 71.6 - 76.9; Kappa = 0.465) and 77.9% (95% CI: 73.2 - 80.5; Kappa = 0.525), respectively. VIKIA\u00ae assay misclassified 52 samples and Bio-Manguinhos 47 samples. Discussion: We observed a moderate agreement between the assessed tests and the gold standard. Rapid tests used in the study were developed to detect HIV infection, applied in screening studies. So its use to differentiate between recent and chronic infection has not been established. These results demonstrate the need for studies in the development of rapid tests capable of diagnosing recent HIV infection. Additionally, recent studies raise questions about the performance of BED-CEIA assay, which could also explain the disagreement between results. Nevertheless, this is the unique commercially available test for this purpose currently.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Data showed the evaluated rapid tests are not recommended for detecting recent seroconversion, enlightening the need of developing standardized rapid tests which can be used as tools to estimate incidence of HIV infection.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Bacon, Oliver M.; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Frost, Simon; Diaz, Ricardo Sohbie; Pillai, Sattish; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Charlesbois, Edwin D.; Hecht, Frederick; Pilcher, Christopher D.<\/p>

Association between heterosexual exposure and infection with B\/C and C subtype HIV-1 in Southern Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVIII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2010), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEPE0018, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Vienna, Austria, <\/span>2010<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Pilcher2010,
\r\ntitle = {Association between heterosexual exposure and infection with B\/C and C subtype HIV-1 in Southern Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Oliver M. Bacon AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Simon Frost AND Ricardo Sohbie Diaz AND Sattish Pillai AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Edwin D. Charlesbois AND Frederick Hecht AND Christopher D. Pilcher},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/6780},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-07-18},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVIII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2010)},
\r\nnumber = {WEPE0018},
\r\naddress = {Vienna, Austria},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Subtype C is the predominant global strain of HIV-1, in many countries overtaking a preexisting epidemic strain. Reasons for this may include founder effect, segregation of subtypes within non-overlapping sociodemographic groups, or biological properties favoring heterosexual transmission of subtype C. It has been difficult to distinguish among these in previously studied settings. Projeto AMPLIAR is studying an explosive subtype C epidemic in the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Socio-demographic and risk behavior data were collected prior to counseling from consenting VCT clients \u2265 16 years old at 4 testing sites. HIV status was determined by a reference standard including a 4th generation EIA, HIV NAAT, and follow-up serology (if initially positive). Population pol sequences were analyzed using multiple subtyping tools (Rega,RIP3.0,NCBI,STAR).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: From 10\/2004 through 11\/2008 4584 clients were evaluated, with 731 (15.9%) HIV+. Of these, 333 were subtyped (35% C, 34% B\/C recombinants, 24% B, and 7% F\/F recombinants). The 113 B\/C viruses showed 62 distinct patterns of recombination: 44 were unique forms, 5 were CRF31, and 64 fell into 17 novel groups. Subtyping and behavioral data were available on 221 participants. Odds of subtype C vs. B infection were much higher in heterosexuals, when compared to MSM (AOR 4.7 (1.6-13.8)), adjusting for sexual exposure, age, schooling, and race. Adjusted odds of infection with BC recombinants vs. B were also higher among heterosexuals than MSM (AOR 3.4 (1.07-11).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In a region with co-circulating subtypes, C-containing virus accounted for 69% of infections. The prevalence and diversity of BC recombinants suggests extensive mixing, yet both pure C and C-containing viruses are strongly and consistently associated with heterosexual exposure. This association is not explained by sociodemographic factors. These observations suggest a biological contribution to the transmission efficiency of C-containing virus, although a contributing founder effect cannot be ruled out.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Subtype C is the predominant global strain of HIV-1, in many countries overtaking a preexisting epidemic strain. Reasons for this may include founder effect, segregation of subtypes within non-overlapping sociodemographic groups, or biological properties favoring heterosexual transmission of subtype C. It has been difficult to distinguish among these in previously studied settings. Projeto AMPLIAR is studying an explosive subtype C epidemic in the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Socio-demographic and risk behavior data were collected prior to counseling from consenting VCT clients \u2265 16 years old at 4 testing sites. HIV status was determined by a reference standard including a 4th generation EIA, HIV NAAT, and follow-up serology (if initially positive). Population pol sequences were analyzed using multiple subtyping tools (Rega,RIP3.0,NCBI,STAR).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: From 10\/2004 through 11\/2008 4584 clients were evaluated, with 731 (15.9%) HIV+. Of these, 333 were subtyped (35% C, 34% B\/C recombinants, 24% B, and 7% F\/F recombinants). The 113 B\/C viruses showed 62 distinct patterns of recombination: 44 were unique forms, 5 were CRF31, and 64 fell into 17 novel groups. Subtyping and behavioral data were available on 221 participants. Odds of subtype C vs. B infection were much higher in heterosexuals, when compared to MSM (AOR 4.7 (1.6-13.8)), adjusting for sexual exposure, age, schooling, and race. Adjusted odds of infection with BC recombinants vs. B were also higher among heterosexuals than MSM (AOR 3.4 (1.07-11).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In a region with co-circulating subtypes, C-containing virus accounted for 69% of infections. The prevalence and diversity of BC recombinants suggests extensive mixing, yet both pure C and C-containing viruses are strongly and consistently associated with heterosexual exposure. This association is not explained by sociodemographic factors. These observations suggest a biological contribution to the transmission efficiency of C-containing virus, although a contributing founder effect cannot be ruled out.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Paganella, Machline Paim; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Pilcher, Cristopher D.; Bacon, Oliver M.; Hecht, Fredereick M.; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Persistent HIV transmission risk behaviors among HIV-serodiscordant couples in South Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVIII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2010), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEPE0375, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Vienna, Austria, <\/span>2010<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{deSouza2010,
\r\ntitle = {Persistent HIV transmission risk behaviors among HIV-serodiscordant couples in South Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Machline Paim Paganella AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Cristopher D. Pilcher AND Oliver M. Bacon AND Fredereick M. Hecht AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/6919},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-07-18},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVIII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2010)},
\r\nnumber = {WEPE0375},
\r\naddress = {Vienna, Austria},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: The rate of HIV infection is increasing in the South region of Brazil, despite wide availability of free HIV care. We wished to assess HIV transmission risk behaviors in couples where one partner already knew he or she was HIV+ (HIV serodiscordant couples).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The AMPLIAR project enrolls individuals with previously HIV - or unknown status at the time they seek routine HIV voluntary counseling in South Brazil. The study collects information concerning clinical and sociodemographic factors, HIV transmission risk behavior and sexual partnerships from all subjects. Testing for HIV infection includes staging of infections as 'recent' (< 6 months) using the BED capture EIA. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 3591 HIV testers studied during 2006-2009, we identified 489 (14%) who were in HIV discordant steady partnerships and 3102 (86%) with only HIV-\/unknown partnerships. The mean rate of sexual intercourse reported within HIV discordant couples (4.7 acts\/2 weeks) was slightly greater than that reported by other participants (3.0 acts\/ 2 wks; p=NS). HIV discordant couples reported low rates of condom use, with 34.6% reporting inconsistent and 33.5% reporting no condom use within the partnership. Main reasons for not using condoms in discordant couples included \u201ctrust in the partner\u201d (36.0%), \u201cdon't like to use it\u201d (20.1%) and \u201cpartner does not accept using it\u201d (11.6%). Individuals in discordant couples who reported no or inconsistent condom use were significantly more likely to be newly HIV+ (OR 4.0 (95CI: 2.2, 7.1).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Despite the broad availability of HIV care and prevention services in Brazil, individuals in HIV-discordant partnerships continue to engage in frequent HIV transmission risk behaviors and to transmit HIV. Reasons for this are often related to interpersonal dynamics within couples. To combat HIV in South Brazil, increased efforts are needed that focus on HIV prevention in couples.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: The rate of HIV infection is increasing in the South region of Brazil, despite wide availability of free HIV care. We wished to assess HIV transmission risk behaviors in couples where one partner already knew he or she was HIV+ (HIV serodiscordant couples).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The AMPLIAR project enrolls individuals with previously HIV - or unknown status at the time they seek routine HIV voluntary counseling in South Brazil. The study collects information concerning clinical and sociodemographic factors, HIV transmission risk behavior and sexual partnerships from all subjects. Testing for HIV infection includes staging of infections as 'recent' (< 6 months) using the BED capture EIA. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Among 3591 HIV testers studied during 2006-2009, we identified 489 (14%) who were in HIV discordant steady partnerships and 3102 (86%) with only HIV-\/unknown partnerships. The mean rate of sexual intercourse reported within HIV discordant couples (4.7 acts\/2 weeks) was slightly greater than that reported by other participants (3.0 acts\/ 2 wks; p=NS). HIV discordant couples reported low rates of condom use, with 34.6% reporting inconsistent and 33.5% reporting no condom use within the partnership. Main reasons for not using condoms in discordant couples included \u201ctrust in the partner\u201d (36.0%), \u201cdon't like to use it\u201d (20.1%) and \u201cpartner does not accept using it\u201d (11.6%). Individuals in discordant couples who reported no or inconsistent condom use were significantly more likely to be newly HIV+ (OR 4.0 (95CI: 2.2, 7.1).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Despite the broad availability of HIV care and prevention services in Brazil, individuals in HIV-discordant partnerships continue to engage in frequent HIV transmission risk behaviors and to transmit HIV. Reasons for this are often related to interpersonal dynamics within couples. To combat HIV in South Brazil, increased efforts are needed that focus on HIV prevention in couples.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; de Ara\u00fajo, Breno Fauth; de Oliveira Filho, Petr\u00f4nio Fagundes; Rombaldi, Renato Lu\u00eds; Mitchell, Charles; Lorencetti, Jucemara; Marcon, Nathalia Oliva<\/p>

Prevalence of toxoplasmosis, HIV, syphilis and rubella in a population of puerperal women using Whatman 903\u00ae filter paper<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Braz J Infect Dis, <\/span>vol. 14, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. 1-22, <\/span>2010<\/span>, ISSN: 1678-4391<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Marcon2010,
\r\ntitle = {Prevalence of toxoplasmosis, HIV, syphilis and rubella in a population of puerperal women using Whatman 903\u00ae filter paper},
\r\nauthor = {Jos\u00e9 Mauro Madi AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Breno Fauth de Ara\u00fajo AND Petr\u00f4nio Fagundes de Oliveira Filho AND Renato Lu\u00eds Rombaldi AND Charles Mitchell AND Jucemara Lorencetti AND Nathalia Oliva Marcon},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1413867010700064},
\r\ndoi = {10.1016\/S1413-8670(10)70006-4},
\r\nissn = {1678-4391},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-07-16},
\r\njournal = {Braz J Infect Dis},
\r\nvolume = {14},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {1-22},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: to determine the seroprevalence rate of toxoplasmosis, HIV, syphilis and rubella in a population of puerperal women.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: a prospective, cross-sectional study was performed from February 2007 to April 2008 at Hospital Geral, Universidade de Caxias do Sul in a population of 1,510 puerperal women. Women that gave birth to live born or stillborn infants were included in the study; maternal and perinatal variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and Pearson\u2019s chi-square with occasional Fisher\u2019s correction were used for comparisons. Alpha was set in 5%. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: a total of 148 cases of congenital infection (9.8%) were identifi ed: 66 cases of syphilis (4.4%), 40 cases of HIV (2.7%), 27 cases of toxoplasmosis (1.8%) and 15 cases of rubella (1.0%). In ten cases there was co-infection (four cases of HIV and syphilis, two cases of HIV and rubella, one case of HIV and toxoplasmosis, two cases of rubella and syphilis, and one case of toxoplasmosis and rubella). In a comparison between puerperal women with and without infection there was no statistical signifi cance in relation to incidence of abortions, small for gestational age, prematurity, live births and stillbirths, and prenatal care. Need of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), maternal schooling, maternal age higher than 35 years and drug use (alcohol, cocaine and crack) had statistical significance.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: the prevalence rate of infections was 9.8%. Need of NICU, maternal schooling lower than eight years, maternal age higher than 35 years and drug use were signifi cantly associated with occurrence of congenital infection.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: to determine the seroprevalence rate of toxoplasmosis, HIV, syphilis and rubella in a population of puerperal women.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: a prospective, cross-sectional study was performed from February 2007 to April 2008 at Hospital Geral, Universidade de Caxias do Sul in a population of 1,510 puerperal women. Women that gave birth to live born or stillborn infants were included in the study; maternal and perinatal variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and Pearson\u2019s chi-square with occasional Fisher\u2019s correction were used for comparisons. Alpha was set in 5%. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: a total of 148 cases of congenital infection (9.8%) were identifi ed: 66 cases of syphilis (4.4%), 40 cases of HIV (2.7%), 27 cases of toxoplasmosis (1.8%) and 15 cases of rubella (1.0%). In ten cases there was co-infection (four cases of HIV and syphilis, two cases of HIV and rubella, one case of HIV and toxoplasmosis, two cases of rubella and syphilis, and one case of toxoplasmosis and rubella). In a comparison between puerperal women with and without infection there was no statistical signifi cance in relation to incidence of abortions, small for gestational age, prematurity, live births and stillbirths, and prenatal care. Need of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), maternal schooling, maternal age higher than 35 years and drug use (alcohol, cocaine and crack) had statistical significance.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: the prevalence rate of infections was 9.8%. Need of NICU, maternal schooling lower than eight years, maternal age higher than 35 years and drug use were signifi cantly associated with occurrence of congenital infection.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Siberry, George K.; Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo S.; Krauss, Margot; Essama-Bibi, Suzanne; Hofer, Cristina; Harris, D. Robert; Tiraboschi, Adriana; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Marques, Heloisa; Succi, Regina; Abreu, Thalita; Negra, Marinella Della; Hazra, Rohan; Mofenson, Lynne M.<\/p>

Viral load predicts WHO Stage 3 and 4 events in HIV-infected children on HAART, independent of CD4 T-lymphocyte value Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

2nd International Pediatric HIV Workshop, <\/span>Vienna, Austria, <\/span>2010<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Mofenson2010,
\r\ntitle = {Viral load predicts WHO Stage 3 and 4 events in HIV-infected children on HAART, independent of CD4 T-lymphocyte value},
\r\nauthor = {George K. Siberry AND Ricardo Hugo S. Oliveira AND Margot Krauss AND Suzanne Essama-Bibi AND Cristina Hofer AND D. Robert Harris AND Adriana Tiraboschi AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Heloisa Marques AND Regina Succi AND Thalita Abreu AND Marinella Della Negra AND Rohan Hazra AND Lynne M. Mofenson},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-07-16},
\r\nbooktitle = {2nd International Pediatric HIV Workshop},
\r\naddress = {Vienna, Austria},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa M.; Motta, Fabrizio; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; de Souza, Ricardo; Szyld, Edgardo; Succi, Regina C. M.; Christie, Celia D. C.; Rolon, Maria J.; Ceriotto, Mariana; Read, Jennifer S.<\/p>

Lower respiratory tract infections among human immunodeficiency virus-exposed, uninfected infants<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Int J Infect Dis, <\/span>vol. 14, <\/span>n\u00e3o Supplement 3, <\/span>pp. e176\u2013e182, <\/span>2010<\/span>, ISBN: 1878-3511<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Read2010,
\r\ntitle = {Lower respiratory tract infections among human immunodeficiency virus-exposed, uninfected infants},
\r\nauthor = {Marisa M. Mussi-Pinhata AND Fabrizio Motta AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Ricardo de Souza AND Edgardo Szyld AND Regina C.M. Succi AND Celia D.C. Christie AND Maria J. Rolon AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Jennifer S. Read},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.ijidonline.com\/article\/S1201-9712(10)02332-5\/fulltext
\r\nhttp:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1201971210023325
\r\nhttp:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2947589\/},
\r\ndoi = {10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.01.006},
\r\nisbn = {1878-3511},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-05-10},
\r\njournal = {Int J Infect Dis},
\r\nvolume = {14},
\r\nnumber = {Supplement 3},
\r\npages = {e176\u2013e182},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether maternal HIV disease severity during pregnancy is associated with an increased likelihood of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: HIV-exposed, uninfected, singleton, term infants enrolled in the NISDI Perinatal Study, with birth weight >2500 g were followed from birth until 6 months of age. LRTI diagnoses, hospitalizations, and associated factors were assessed.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 547 infants, 103 (18.8%) experienced 116 episodes of LRTI (incidence = 0.84 LRTIs\/100 child-weeks). Most (81%) episodes were bronchiolitis. Forty-nine (9.0%) infants were hospitalized at least once with an LRTI. There were 53 hospitalizations (45.7%) for 116 LRTI episodes. None of these infants were breastfed. The odds of LRTI in infants whose mothers had CD4% <14 at enrollment were 4.4 times those of infants whose mothers had CD4% \u226529 (p = 0.003). The odds of LRTI in infants with a CD4+ count (cells\/mm3) <750 at hospital discharge were 16.0 times those of infants with CD4+ \u2265750 (p = 0.002). Maternal CD4+ decline and infant hemoglobin at the 6\u201312 week visit were associated with infant LRTIs after 6\u201312 weeks and before 6 months of age.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Acute bronchiolitis is common and frequently severe among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants aged 6 months or less. Lower maternal and infant CD4+ values were associated with a higher risk of infant LRTIs. Further understanding of the immunological mechanisms of severe LRTIs is needed.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether maternal HIV disease severity during pregnancy is associated with an increased likelihood of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: HIV-exposed, uninfected, singleton, term infants enrolled in the NISDI Perinatal Study, with birth weight >2500 g were followed from birth until 6 months of age. LRTI diagnoses, hospitalizations, and associated factors were assessed.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 547 infants, 103 (18.8%) experienced 116 episodes of LRTI (incidence = 0.84 LRTIs\/100 child-weeks). Most (81%) episodes were bronchiolitis. Forty-nine (9.0%) infants were hospitalized at least once with an LRTI. There were 53 hospitalizations (45.7%) for 116 LRTI episodes. None of these infants were breastfed. The odds of LRTI in infants whose mothers had CD4% <14 at enrollment were 4.4 times those of infants whose mothers had CD4% \u226529 (p = 0.003). The odds of LRTI in infants with a CD4+ count (cells\/mm3) <750 at hospital discharge were 16.0 times those of infants with CD4+ \u2265750 (p = 0.002). Maternal CD4+ decline and infant hemoglobin at the 6\u201312 week visit were associated with infant LRTIs after 6\u201312 weeks and before 6 months of age.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Acute bronchiolitis is common and frequently severe among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants aged 6 months or less. Lower maternal and infant CD4+ values were associated with a higher risk of infant LRTIs. Further understanding of the immunological mechanisms of severe LRTIs is needed.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Wagner, Tania Maria Cemin; Maggi, Alice; de Souza, Carla Tessari; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Estudantes Universit\u00e1rios em Tempos de HIV: O contexto da testagem<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Intera\u00e7\u00e3o em Psicologia, <\/span>vol. 14, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. 61-71, <\/span>2010<\/span>, ISSN: 1981-8076<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{deSouza2010b,
\r\ntitle = {Estudantes Universit\u00e1rios em Tempos de HIV: O contexto da testagem},
\r\nauthor = {Tania Maria Cemin Wagner AND Alice Maggi AND Carla Tessari de Souza AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/revistas.ufpr.br\/psicologia\/article\/view\/9441},
\r\ndoi = {10.5380\/psi.v14i1.9441},
\r\nissn = {1981-8076},
\r\nyear  = {2010},
\r\ndate = {2010-01-01},
\r\njournal = {Intera\u00e7\u00e3o em Psicologia},
\r\nvolume = {14},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {61-71},
\r\nabstract = {O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o posicionamento de estudantes universit\u00e1rios diante da decis\u00e3o de se testarem para o HIV e da possibilidade de participarem em estudos sobre vacina, caracterizando tais estudantes do ponto de vista sociodemogr\u00e1fico. Os participantes foram 645 estudantes matriculados em diferentes cursos de gradua\u00e7\u00e3o de uma universidade localizada na regi\u00e3o sul do Brasil, dentre esses participantes a m\u00e9dia de idade era de 25,32 anos, 442 (68,5%) eram do sexo feminino e 202 (31,3%) do sexo masculino. Um question\u00e1rio foi aplicado, com 33 quest\u00f5es, abordando dados sociodemogr\u00e1ficos, bem como situa\u00e7\u00f5es objetivas e hipot\u00e9ticas, com op\u00e7\u00f5es de escolha simples e m\u00faltiplas. Os resultados indicaram que 197 (30,5%) dos participantes se testaram para o HIV. Encontrou-se uma associa\u00e7\u00e3o estatisticamente significativa (Teste Exato de Fisher = 0,000) e uma correla\u00e7\u00e3o alta (0,000) entre terem realizado o teste e terem pensado sobre o mesmo A investiga\u00e7\u00e3o revelou a necessidade dos espa\u00e7os universit\u00e1rios oferecerem possibilidades de discuss\u00e3o e de campanhas espec\u00edficas.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2009<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

de Souza Velho, B\u00e9tani; Pellenz, Daiana; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Vanni, Andr\u00e9a Cristina; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Pilcher, Cristopher D.; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Evaluation of Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent on the stability of T CD4+ and T CD8+ cell markers in whole blood samples<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o MOPEB011, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Cape Town, South Africa, <\/span>2009<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{deSouza2009,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent on the stability of T CD4+ and T CD8+ cell markers in whole blood samples},
\r\nauthor = {B\u00e9tani de Souza Velho AND Daiana Pellenz AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Andr\u00e9a Cristina Vanni AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Cristopher D. Pilcher AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/958},
\r\nyear  = {2009},
\r\ndate = {2009-07-19},
\r\nbooktitle = {5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {MOPEB011},
\r\naddress = {Cape Town, South Africa},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: In Brazil and other moderately resourced settings flow cytometry can be made available in central laboratories to monitor immune status in HIV-infected patients. However, specimens must typically be analyzed within 24 hours after phlebotomy, which dramatically limits availability of this testing. We evaluated the Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent, a stabilizer that preserves the white blood cells markers.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The samples were obtained from three clinical centers located in south Brazil, during June-July\/2008, with separate aliquots stored in EDTA and Cyto-Chex BCT at room temperature (12\u00b0C-27\u00b0C) until the moment of analysis. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts were performed on EDTA specimens within 24 hours; Cyto-Chex\u00ae BCT (CCBCT) samples were analyzed over different time periods (3 to 5, 7, 9-11 days post collection). Assays were performed using BD Facs Count equipment.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of forty-eight samples collected into CCBCT, forty-six (95.8%) gave valid CD4\/CD8 results. Both CD4 and CD8 on fresh specimens were highly correlated whether in CCBCT or EDTA (CD4 r2=.965; CD8 r2=.958, p< .001); Fresh blood CD4 counts were similar but fresh blood CD8 counts were significantly lower on CCBCT specimens than on EDTA (mean difference: -34.81 CD8 cells\/mm3; p< .001). We detected no change in CD4 or CD8 counts over time.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent appears to maintain integrity of white blood cell antigens for CD4 and CD8 enumeration for up to 11 days, providing additional time for sample shipment and processing to a flow cytometry laboratory. This could be an important tool in resource-poor settings where refrigeration and other ancillary laboratory equipment may not be available at collection sites.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: In Brazil and other moderately resourced settings flow cytometry can be made available in central laboratories to monitor immune status in HIV-infected patients. However, specimens must typically be analyzed within 24 hours after phlebotomy, which dramatically limits availability of this testing. We evaluated the Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent, a stabilizer that preserves the white blood cells markers.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The samples were obtained from three clinical centers located in south Brazil, during June-July\/2008, with separate aliquots stored in EDTA and Cyto-Chex BCT at room temperature (12\u00b0C-27\u00b0C) until the moment of analysis. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts were performed on EDTA specimens within 24 hours; Cyto-Chex\u00ae BCT (CCBCT) samples were analyzed over different time periods (3 to 5, 7, 9-11 days post collection). Assays were performed using BD Facs Count equipment.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of forty-eight samples collected into CCBCT, forty-six (95.8%) gave valid CD4\/CD8 results. Both CD4 and CD8 on fresh specimens were highly correlated whether in CCBCT or EDTA (CD4 r2=.965; CD8 r2=.958, p< .001); Fresh blood CD4 counts were similar but fresh blood CD8 counts were significantly lower on CCBCT specimens than on EDTA (mean difference: -34.81 CD8 cells\/mm3; p< .001). We detected no change in CD4 or CD8 counts over time.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The Cyto-Chex\u00ae reagent appears to maintain integrity of white blood cell antigens for CD4 and CD8 enumeration for up to 11 days, providing additional time for sample shipment and processing to a flow cytometry laboratory. This could be an important tool in resource-poor settings where refrigeration and other ancillary laboratory equipment may not be available at collection sites.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo; Krauss, Margot; Essama-Bibi, Suzanne; Hofer, Cristina; Harris, Robert; Tiraboschi, Adriana; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Marques, Heloisa; Succi, Regina; Abreu, Thalita; Hazra, Rohan; Siberry, George<\/p>

HIV viral load predicts World Health Organization (WHO) stage 3 and 4 events among children in Latin American independent of CD4 level Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

1st International Workshop on HIV Pediatrics, <\/span>Cape Town, South Africa, <\/span>2009<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Siberry2009,
\r\ntitle = {HIV viral load predicts World Health Organization (WHO) stage 3 and 4 events among children in Latin American independent of CD4 level},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo Hugo Oliveira AND Margot Krauss AND Suzanne Essama-Bibi AND Cristina Hofer AND Robert Harris AND Adriana Tiraboschi AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Heloisa Marques AND Regina Succi AND Thalita Abreu AND Rohan Hazra AND George Siberry},
\r\nyear  = {2009},
\r\ndate = {2009-07-17},
\r\nbooktitle = {1st International Workshop on HIV Pediatrics},
\r\naddress = {Cape Town, South Africa},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
\r\n

2008<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Borges, Luiz Gustavo Anjos; Pilcher, Cristopher D.; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Assesment of recent HIV-1 infection by Western blot in dried blood spots<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008), <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Mexico City, Mexico, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Souza2008b,
\r\ntitle = {Assesment of recent HIV-1 infection by Western blot in dried blood spots},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND Luiz Gustavo Anjos Borges AND Cristopher D. Pilcher AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/66729},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-08-03},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008)},
\r\naddress = {Mexico City, Mexico},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Project AMPLIAR is a research consortium developed in part to evaluate testing methods to detect recent infections in south Brazil applicable to resource-limited settings. Recent reports have suggested that antibody specificity patterns (i.e. bands on LIA or WB) can be useful for both confirmation of infection and for simultaneous staging of infections as recent or longer-term infections. We wished to investigate whether Western blot (WB) could be used for this dual purpose using dried blood spots (DBS).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: In a cross-sectional diagnostic performance evaluation from September 2006 to August 2007, we screened DBS from 101 consecutive HIV+ samples collected by Projeto AMPLIAR using both WB (DAVIH Blot HIV-1 DBS) and BED-CEIA (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence Capture EIA) assays. We assessed a variety of WB band patterns identified in the literature as having the ability to distintuish recent (<~154 days) from long-term infection, using a BED normalized OD (ODn)<0.8 as the reference standard for recent HIV infection.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: BED-CEIA classified 14 of 101 positive individuals (13,5%, 95% CI, 7,0-20,7) as recently infected. A WB algorithm requiring the absence of gp120, p24, p55 and p34 was able to identify recent HIV infections with the highest accuracy (77.2%), with a sensitivity of 57,1% (95% CI, 28,8-85,5) and specificity of 80,5% (95% CI, 72,0-88,9). Previously suggested algorithms based on raw band count or intensity scores were markedly less sensitive. Absence of the p31 (p34) band, suggested in the literature as being \u2018characteristic\u2019 of recent infection, was found in only 2 of 14 patients with recent infection (sensitivity=14%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: WB can be used to confirm HIV infection on DBS in situations with limited laboratory infrastructure where samples can be mailed to a centralized laboratory. However, our preliminary results suggest that WB patterns alone may have limited utility in discerning recent from long term infections in these settings.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Project AMPLIAR is a research consortium developed in part to evaluate testing methods to detect recent infections in south Brazil applicable to resource-limited settings. Recent reports have suggested that antibody specificity patterns (i.e. bands on LIA or WB) can be useful for both confirmation of infection and for simultaneous staging of infections as recent or longer-term infections. We wished to investigate whether Western blot (WB) could be used for this dual purpose using dried blood spots (DBS).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: In a cross-sectional diagnostic performance evaluation from September 2006 to August 2007, we screened DBS from 101 consecutive HIV+ samples collected by Projeto AMPLIAR using both WB (DAVIH Blot HIV-1 DBS) and BED-CEIA (Calypte HIV-1 BED Incidence Capture EIA) assays. We assessed a variety of WB band patterns identified in the literature as having the ability to distintuish recent (<~154 days) from long-term infection, using a BED normalized OD (ODn)<0.8 as the reference standard for recent HIV infection.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: BED-CEIA classified 14 of 101 positive individuals (13,5%, 95% CI, 7,0-20,7) as recently infected. A WB algorithm requiring the absence of gp120, p24, p55 and p34 was able to identify recent HIV infections with the highest accuracy (77.2%), with a sensitivity of 57,1% (95% CI, 28,8-85,5) and specificity of 80,5% (95% CI, 72,0-88,9). Previously suggested algorithms based on raw band count or intensity scores were markedly less sensitive. Absence of the p31 (p34) band, suggested in the literature as being \u2018characteristic\u2019 of recent infection, was found in only 2 of 14 patients with recent infection (sensitivity=14%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: WB can be used to confirm HIV infection on DBS in situations with limited laboratory infrastructure where samples can be mailed to a centralized laboratory. However, our preliminary results suggest that WB patterns alone may have limited utility in discerning recent from long term infections in these settings.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Bisol, Claudia Alquati; Sperb, T. M.; Brewer, T. H.; Kato, S\u00e9rgio Kakuta; Shor-Posner, Gail<\/p>

HIV\/AIDS knowledge and health-related behaviors: a hearing vs. deaf or a boy vs. girl issue?<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEAD0204, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Mexico City, Mexico, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Shor-Posner2008,
\r\ntitle = {HIV\/AIDS knowledge and health-related behaviors: a hearing vs. deaf or a boy vs. girl issue?},
\r\nauthor = {Claudia Alquati Bisol AND T.M. Sperb AND T.H. Brewer AND S\u00e9rgio Kakuta Kato AND Gail Shor-Posner},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/68284},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-08-03},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008)},
\r\nnumber = {WEAD0204},
\r\naddress = {Mexico City, Mexico},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Literature regarding deaf youths usually reports insufficient knowledge and understanding of HIV\/AIDS, and that they are at greater risk of HIV infection compared to hearing youths.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: This study was conducted in the South of Brazil with 42 deaf and 50 hearing students, 40 of which were boys and 52 were girls. Volunteers answered a self-administered computer-assisted questionnaire with simultaneous video translation to Brazilian Sign Language and a branched decision-tree structure. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Deaf participants had lower levels of HIV\/AIDS knowledge and of school education. However, relevant differences in health-related attitudes and behaviors were not found except for the high rate of sexual abuse among the deaf youths (31%, p=<.001). Testing for gender effects revealed that it might be an important variable to consider. Gender differences were found in being sexually active (boys= 62.5%, girls=38.5%, p=.035), discussing sexual issues (girls talk more frequently with their mothers than boys do [Mann-Whitney U=664,00; p=.002]), visiting gynecologists\/urologists (boys=17.5% , girls 61.5%, p<.001), and drug use (boys=20%, girls=3.8%, p=.018). No significant differences were found for either hearing vs. deaf or boys vs. girls in terms of sexual debut and sexual partnership.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Findings consistent with the literature regarding the deaf are the lower levels of HIV\/AIDS knowledge and of school education and the high rates of reported sexual abuse. These results demonstrate a need to improve school based instruction, tailor health education to their communication needs and improve protection against sexual violence. Gender effects indicate that, even within the deaf community, youths are a heterogeneous group affected by several social determinants that must be considered when promoting health-related attitudes and behaviors for preventing HIV\/AIDS.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Literature regarding deaf youths usually reports insufficient knowledge and understanding of HIV\/AIDS, and that they are at greater risk of HIV infection compared to hearing youths.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: This study was conducted in the South of Brazil with 42 deaf and 50 hearing students, 40 of which were boys and 52 were girls. Volunteers answered a self-administered computer-assisted questionnaire with simultaneous video translation to Brazilian Sign Language and a branched decision-tree structure. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Deaf participants had lower levels of HIV\/AIDS knowledge and of school education. However, relevant differences in health-related attitudes and behaviors were not found except for the high rate of sexual abuse among the deaf youths (31%, p=<.001). Testing for gender effects revealed that it might be an important variable to consider. Gender differences were found in being sexually active (boys= 62.5%, girls=38.5%, p=.035), discussing sexual issues (girls talk more frequently with their mothers than boys do [Mann-Whitney U=664,00; p=.002]), visiting gynecologists\/urologists (boys=17.5% , girls 61.5%, p<.001), and drug use (boys=20%, girls=3.8%, p=.018). No significant differences were found for either hearing vs. deaf or boys vs. girls in terms of sexual debut and sexual partnership.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Findings consistent with the literature regarding the deaf are the lower levels of HIV\/AIDS knowledge and of school education and the high rates of reported sexual abuse. These results demonstrate a need to improve school based instruction, tailor health education to their communication needs and improve protection against sexual violence. Gender effects indicate that, even within the deaf community, youths are a heterogeneous group affected by several social determinants that must be considered when promoting health-related attitudes and behaviors for preventing HIV\/AIDS.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Diaz, Ricardo Sohbie; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Sucupira, Maria Cec\u00edlia; Cavalieri, Elizabeth; Ribeiro, Karin M.; Mondini, Ludia; Page-Shafer, Kimberly; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Paganella, Machline Paim; Pilcher, Cristopher D.<\/p>

Lower prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance among clade C infected individuals as compared to clade B in South Brazil\u2019s emerging clade C HIV-1 epidemic<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008), <\/span>n\u00e3o TUAA0205, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Mexico City, Mexico, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Pilcher2008,
\r\ntitle = {Lower prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance among clade C infected individuals as compared to clade B in South Brazil\u2019s emerging clade C HIV-1 epidemic},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo Sohbie Diaz AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Maria Cec\u00edlia Sucupira AND Elizabeth Cavalieri AND Karin M. Ribeiro AND Ludia Mondini AND Kimberly Page-Shafer AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Cristopher D. Pilcher},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/68042},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-08-03},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVII International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2008)},
\r\nnumber = {TUAA0205},
\r\naddress = {Mexico City, Mexico},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: A growing epidemic by clade C viruses is occurring in the south of Brazil. We sought to characterize the prevalence of primary HIV-1 resistance among newly diagnosed, ARV-naive HIV infected individuals in the epicenter of this south Brazilian clade C epidemic.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We studied 109 consecutive HIV positive samples collected from October 2006 to August 2007 at 4 anonymous HIV testing sites in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. HIV-1 pol regions were DNA sequenced, and infections were classified as recent or established infections according to the BED CEIA incidence assay (OD cutoff < 0.80). 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 15 out of 109 (13.7%) HIV+ individuals were classified as recently infected and 94 as established infections. 13.3% of those with recent infection and 7.2% of established infections presented ARV resistance to at least one antiretroviral class. According to pol sequences, 61.5% of individuals were infected by clade C viruses, 28.4% were infected by clade B, and 10.1% by non-B non-C strains, and proportions of recent infection were similar between clades. The prevalence of primary drug resistance was 9% among clade C infected vs. 22.6% among clade B infected, vs. 27% among non-B non-C infected individuals. The odds of resistance were significantly higher among HIV positives with subtype B and non-B non-C (p=0.03). 43% of patients with resistance mutations showed resistance to NRTI, 25% had TAMs, 25% had other NAMs, and 6.2% showed resistance to PIs. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In south Brazil, where clade C infections have overgrown clade B infections, clade C viruses show a lower prevalence of primary ARV resistance. These observations may be explained in part by more recent introduction of clade C to south Brazil; by less diagnosis or ARV use in populations affected by clade C (heterosexuals); and\/or by biologic factors.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: A growing epidemic by clade C viruses is occurring in the south of Brazil. We sought to characterize the prevalence of primary HIV-1 resistance among newly diagnosed, ARV-naive HIV infected individuals in the epicenter of this south Brazilian clade C epidemic.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We studied 109 consecutive HIV positive samples collected from October 2006 to August 2007 at 4 anonymous HIV testing sites in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. HIV-1 pol regions were DNA sequenced, and infections were classified as recent or established infections according to the BED CEIA incidence assay (OD cutoff < 0.80). 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 15 out of 109 (13.7%) HIV+ individuals were classified as recently infected and 94 as established infections. 13.3% of those with recent infection and 7.2% of established infections presented ARV resistance to at least one antiretroviral class. According to pol sequences, 61.5% of individuals were infected by clade C viruses, 28.4% were infected by clade B, and 10.1% by non-B non-C strains, and proportions of recent infection were similar between clades. The prevalence of primary drug resistance was 9% among clade C infected vs. 22.6% among clade B infected, vs. 27% among non-B non-C infected individuals. The odds of resistance were significantly higher among HIV positives with subtype B and non-B non-C (p=0.03). 43% of patients with resistance mutations showed resistance to NRTI, 25% had TAMs, 25% had other NAMs, and 6.2% showed resistance to PIs. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In south Brazil, where clade C infections have overgrown clade B infections, clade C viruses show a lower prevalence of primary ARV resistance. These observations may be explained in part by more recent introduction of clade C to south Brazil; by less diagnosis or ARV use in populations affected by clade C (heterosexuals); and\/or by biologic factors.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Soto-Ramirez, Luis E.; Rodriguez-Diaz, Roberto; Dur\u00e1n, Adriana S.; Losso, Marcelo H.; Salom\u00f3n, Horacio; G\u00f3mez-Carrillo, Manuel; Pampuro, Sandra; Harris, D. Robert; Duarte, Geraldo; Souza, Ricardo S. De; Read, AND Jennifer S.; the NISDI Perinatal Study Group,<\/p>

Antiretroviral Resistance among HIV Type 1-Infected Women First Exposed to Antiretrovirals during Pregnancy: Plasma versus PBMCs<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, <\/span>vol. 24, <\/span>n\u00e3o 6, <\/span>pp. 797-804, <\/span>2008<\/span>, ISBN: 1931-8405<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{NISDIPerinatalStudyGroup2008,
\r\ntitle = {Antiretroviral Resistance among HIV Type 1-Infected Women First Exposed to Antiretrovirals during Pregnancy: Plasma versus PBMCs},
\r\nauthor = {Luis E. Soto-Ramirez AND Roberto Rodriguez-Diaz AND Adriana S. Dur\u00e1n AND Marcelo H. Losso AND Horacio Salom\u00f3n AND Manuel G\u00f3mez-Carrillo AND Sandra Pampuro AND D. Robert Harris AND Geraldo Duarte AND Ricardo S. De Souza AND AND Jennifer S. Read AND the NISDI Perinatal Study Group},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/online.liebertpub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1089\/aid.2007.0246
\r\nhttp:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2928544\/},
\r\ndoi = {10.1089\/aid.2007.0246},
\r\nisbn = {1931-8405},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-05-28},
\r\njournal = {AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses},
\r\nvolume = {24},
\r\nnumber = {6},
\r\npages = {797-804},
\r\nabstract = {Resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in plasma samples from HIV-1-infected women who received antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis during pregnancy was assessed and correlated with the detection of RAMs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). The study population was composed of HIV-1-infected women enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Latin America and the Caribbean (NISDI Perinatal Study) as of March 1, 2005, who were diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during the current pregnancy, who received ARVs during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, and who were followed through at least the 6-12 week postpartum visit. Plasma samples collected at enrollment during pregnancy and at 6-12 weeks postpartum were assayed for RAMs. Plasma results were compared to previously described PBMC results from the same study population. Of 819 enrolled subjects, 197 met the eligibility criteria. Nucleic acid amplification was accomplished in 123 plasma samples at enrollment or 6-12 weeks postpartum, and RAMs were detected in 22 (17.9%; 95%CI: 11.7-25.9%). Previous analyses had demonstrated detection of RAMs in PBMCs in 19 (16.1%). There was high concordance between RAMs detected in plasma and PBMC samples, with only eight discordant pairs. The prevalence of RAMs among these pregnant, HIV-1-infected women is high (15%). Rates of detection of RAMs in plasma and PBMC samples were similar.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in plasma samples from HIV-1-infected women who received antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis during pregnancy was assessed and correlated with the detection of RAMs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs). The study population was composed of HIV-1-infected women enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Latin America and the Caribbean (NISDI Perinatal Study) as of March 1, 2005, who were diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during the current pregnancy, who received ARVs during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, and who were followed through at least the 6-12 week postpartum visit. Plasma samples collected at enrollment during pregnancy and at 6-12 weeks postpartum were assayed for RAMs. Plasma results were compared to previously described PBMC results from the same study population. Of 819 enrolled subjects, 197 met the eligibility criteria. Nucleic acid amplification was accomplished in 123 plasma samples at enrollment or 6-12 weeks postpartum, and RAMs were detected in 22 (17.9%; 95%CI: 11.7-25.9%). Previous analyses had demonstrated detection of RAMs in PBMCs in 19 (16.1%). There was high concordance between RAMs detected in plasma and PBMC samples, with only eight discordant pairs. The prevalence of RAMs among these pregnant, HIV-1-infected women is high (15%). Rates of detection of RAMs in plasma and PBMC samples were similar.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa; Motta, Fabrizio; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Szyld, Edgardo; Succi, Regina; Christie, Celia; Rolon, Maria J.; Ceriotto, Mariana; Read, Jennifer S.<\/p>

Lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants born in Latin America. The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) perinatal protocol Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

2008 Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Society & Society for Pediatric Research, <\/span>n\u00e3o 634467.7, <\/span>American Pediatric Society &amp; Society for Pediatric Research <\/span>Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Read2008,
\r\ntitle = {Lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants born in Latin America. The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) perinatal protocol},
\r\nauthor = {Marisa Mussi-Pinhata AND Fabrizio Motta AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Edgardo Szyld AND Regina Succi AND Celia Christie AND Maria J. Rolon AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Jennifer S. Read},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-05-02},
\r\nbooktitle = {2008 Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Society & Society for Pediatric Research},
\r\nnumber = {634467.7},
\r\naddress = {Honolulu, Hawaii, USA},
\r\norganization = {American Pediatric Society & Society for Pediatric Research},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: We have previously described a high frequency of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among HIV-exposed but uninfected infants. Objective: To describe the frequency and characteristics of LRTIs, and to evaluate factors associated with occurrence of and hospitalizations for LRTI.
\r\n
\r\nDESIGN\/METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of HIV-exposed but uninfected, singleton, term infants with birth weight > 2500 grams who were prospectively followed from birth to 6 months and whose HIV-infected mothers had been enrolled during pregnancy at NISDI sites in Argentina and Brazil. Infants with underlying congenital, cardiovascular, and pulmonary conditions were excluded. Definitive or presumptive diagnoses of LRTIs were recorded based on information obtained at birth, 6-12 weeks, and at 6 months of age. Occurrence and reasons for hospitalization were recorded. Correlates for LRTI and hospitalization events were evaluated in univariate analysis.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: A total of 547 infants met inclusion criteria for this analysis. Overall, 103 (18.8%) experienced 116 episodes of LRTI (incidence of 0.85 LRTIs\/100 child-weeks of observation [95%CI: 0.69-1.01]). Most episodes (81%) were bronchiolitis. Fifty-one (9.3%) infants were hospitalized at least once with a LRTI, of whom 13 (25.4%) had severe signs and symptoms. Of 22 infants with pneumonia, 14 (63.6%) were hospitalized. Of 83 infants with bronchiolitis, 38 (45.8%) were hospitalized. Maternal CD4 decline during gestation [OR = 1.6 (95%CI 1.01 \u2013 2.5)], infant CD4 decline from birth [OR = 2.0 (95%CI 1.02 \u2013 4.0)], and infant anemia after birth [OR= 3.6 (95%CI 2.2 \u2013 5.8)] were associated with the occurrence of LRTI in the postneonatal period. Household crowding [OR = 2.9 (95%CI 1.3 \u2013 6.5)] and length for age below the 5th percentile [OR = 5.4 (95%CI 1.1 \u2013 26.2)] were associated with hospitalization.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: LRTIs and hospitalization are relatively common among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Maternal and infant immunological conditions and infant anemia were associated with acquiring LRTIs. Similar to the general population, household crowding and length for age appear to be risk factors for hospitalization among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants with LRTI.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: We have previously described a high frequency of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among HIV-exposed but uninfected infants. Objective: To describe the frequency and characteristics of LRTIs, and to evaluate factors associated with occurrence of and hospitalizations for LRTI.
\r\n
\r\nDESIGN\/METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of HIV-exposed but uninfected, singleton, term infants with birth weight > 2500 grams who were prospectively followed from birth to 6 months and whose HIV-infected mothers had been enrolled during pregnancy at NISDI sites in Argentina and Brazil. Infants with underlying congenital, cardiovascular, and pulmonary conditions were excluded. Definitive or presumptive diagnoses of LRTIs were recorded based on information obtained at birth, 6-12 weeks, and at 6 months of age. Occurrence and reasons for hospitalization were recorded. Correlates for LRTI and hospitalization events were evaluated in univariate analysis.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: A total of 547 infants met inclusion criteria for this analysis. Overall, 103 (18.8%) experienced 116 episodes of LRTI (incidence of 0.85 LRTIs\/100 child-weeks of observation [95%CI: 0.69-1.01]). Most episodes (81%) were bronchiolitis. Fifty-one (9.3%) infants were hospitalized at least once with a LRTI, of whom 13 (25.4%) had severe signs and symptoms. Of 22 infants with pneumonia, 14 (63.6%) were hospitalized. Of 83 infants with bronchiolitis, 38 (45.8%) were hospitalized. Maternal CD4 decline during gestation [OR = 1.6 (95%CI 1.01 \u2013 2.5)], infant CD4 decline from birth [OR = 2.0 (95%CI 1.02 \u2013 4.0)], and infant anemia after birth [OR= 3.6 (95%CI 2.2 \u2013 5.8)] were associated with the occurrence of LRTI in the postneonatal period. Household crowding [OR = 2.9 (95%CI 1.3 \u2013 6.5)] and length for age below the 5th percentile [OR = 5.4 (95%CI 1.1 \u2013 26.2)] were associated with hospitalization.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: LRTIs and hospitalization are relatively common among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Maternal and infant immunological conditions and infant anemia were associated with acquiring LRTIs. Similar to the general population, household crowding and length for age appear to be risk factors for hospitalization among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants with LRTI.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

de Castro, Andr\u00e9a Cauduro; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Grudzinski, Melina; D\u2019Azevedo, Pedro Alves<\/p>

Evaluation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 antibodies detection in dried whole blood spots (DBS) samples<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo, <\/span>vol. 50, <\/span>n\u00e3o 3, <\/span>pp. 151-156, <\/span>2008<\/span>, ISBN: 1678-9946<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{D\u2019Azevedo2008,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 antibodies detection in dried whole blood spots (DBS) samples},
\r\nauthor = {Andr\u00e9a Cauduro de Castro AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Melina Grudzinski AND Pedro Alves D\u2019Azevedo},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652008000300004&lng=en&nrm=iso},
\r\ndoi = {10.1590\/S0036-46652008000300004},
\r\nisbn = {1678-9946},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-05-01},
\r\njournal = {Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo},
\r\nvolume = {50},
\r\nnumber = {3},
\r\npages = {151-156},
\r\nabstract = {Human Immunodeficiency V\u00edrus Type 1 and 2 antibodies detection was performed in 457 dried whole blood spots samples (S&S 903). Q-Preven HIV 1+2 was the screening test used. The results were compared with the gold standard serum tests by ELISA (Cobas Core e Axsym HIV1\/2 gO) and imunofluorescence was the definitive confirmatory test. The samples were obtained from the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o in Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil, through whole blood transfer to filter paper card and sent to Caxias do Sul, RS - Brazil where the tests were performed. The dried whole blood spot stability was evaluated with two different panels. The first one was composed of five negative and five positive samples stored at room temperature, 4 \u00b0C, -20 \u00b0C and -70 \u00b0C, while the second was composed of two negative and three positive samples stored at 37 \u00b0C (humidity <50%). Each sample was screened every week for six weeks. These measurement results didn\u2019t show variation during the study period. The detected sensibility was 100%, specificity was 99.6%, the positive predictive value was 99.5% and negative predictive values were 100%. The results demonstrated high performance characteristics, opening a new perspective of dried whole blood spot utilization in HIV screening diagnosis.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Human Immunodeficiency V\u00edrus Type 1 and 2 antibodies detection was performed in 457 dried whole blood spots samples (S&S 903). Q-Preven HIV 1+2 was the screening test used. The results were compared with the gold standard serum tests by ELISA (Cobas Core e Axsym HIV1\/2 gO) and imunofluorescence was the definitive confirmatory test. The samples were obtained from the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o in Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil, through whole blood transfer to filter paper card and sent to Caxias do Sul, RS - Brazil where the tests were performed. The dried whole blood spot stability was evaluated with two different panels. The first one was composed of five negative and five positive samples stored at room temperature, 4 \u00b0C, -20 \u00b0C and -70 \u00b0C, while the second was composed of two negative and three positive samples stored at 37 \u00b0C (humidity <50%). Each sample was screened every week for six weeks. These measurement results didn\u2019t show variation during the study period. The detected sensibility was 100%, specificity was 99.6%, the positive predictive value was 99.5% and negative predictive values were 100%. The results demonstrated high performance characteristics, opening a new perspective of dried whole blood spot utilization in HIV screening diagnosis.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Ceriotto, Mariana; Harris, D. Robert; Duarte, Geraldo; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Aguiar, Regina P.; Warley, Eduardo M.; Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro; Zala, Carlos A.; Read, Jennifer S.; Group, NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study<\/p>

Laboratory Abnormalities among HIV-1\u2013Infected Pregnant Women Receiving Antiretrovirals in Latin America and the Caribbean<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>AIDS Patient Care and STDs, <\/span>vol. 22, <\/span>n\u00e3o 3, <\/span>pp. 167-171, <\/span>2008<\/span>, ISBN: 1557-7449<\/span>.<\/p>

Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Bacon, Oliver; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Page-Shafer, Kimberly; Diaz, Ricardo Sohbie; Bastiani, V\u00e2nia F\u00e1tima Tusset De; Preussler, Gisele Maria Inchauspe; Ikeda, Maria Let\u00edcia; Barcellos, N\u00eamora; Steward, Wayne; Pilcher, Cristopher D.<\/p>

A Foothold for Subtype C in the Americas: Associations with C and Non-C HIV Infection in South Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections., <\/span>n\u00e3o #508, <\/span>International Antiviral Society USA <\/span>Boston, MA, USA, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Pilcher2008b,
\r\ntitle = {A Foothold for Subtype C in the Americas: Associations with C and Non-C HIV Infection in South Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Oliver Bacon AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Kimberly Page-Shafer AND Ricardo Sohbie Diaz AND V\u00e2nia F\u00e1tima Tusset De Bastiani AND Gisele Maria Inchauspe Preussler AND Maria Let\u00edcia Ikeda AND N\u00eamora Barcellos AND Wayne Steward AND Cristopher D. Pilcher},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/CROI-2008-A-Foothold-for-Subtype-C-in-the-Americas.pdf},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-02-03},
\r\nbooktitle = {15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections.},
\r\nnumber = {#508},
\r\naddress = {Boston, MA, USA},
\r\norganization = {International Antiviral Society USA},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND:
\r\n\u2022 HIV epidemic in Brazil is has stabilized, with nationwide seroprevalence <1%.
\r\n\u2022 AIDS incidence overall declined 40% between 2000 and 2006.
\r\n\u2022 But recently, the Southern states of Rio Grande do Sul, Paran\u00e1, and Santa Catarina surpassed S\u00e3o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro as the regions most affected by the epidemic. \u2013 In 2006, AIDS incidence was 17 cases\/100,000 in the South, vs. 11.5 in the Southeast (S\u00e3o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro), and 10.1 nationally.
\r\n\u2022 HIV subtype C is now the dominant circulating HIV strain in the south, whereas HIV subtype B still predominates elsewhere in Brazil (Figure 1).
\r\n\u2022 It is unknown whether the co-circulation of subtypes C and B is due to differences in risk behavior, social or sexual mixing, or viral-host interactions such as tissue tropism.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To better understand the epidemiology of infection and the differential spread of HIV subtypes in Southern Brazil, especially the rapid expansion of HIV subtype C infection. We examine prevalent HIV infection, recently acquired HIV, and HIV subtypes in associations with sociodemographic and risk behavior data in a large population of persons attending HIV counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Rio Grande do Sul. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS
\r\n\u2022 Projeto AMPLIAR studies the epidemiology of HIV transmission in South Brazil.
\r\n\u2022 Population: HIV testing clients >16 years old from 4 VCT centers covering 65% of the testing population in Rio Grande do Sul.
\r\n\u2022 Data collection: Pre-test sociodemographic and risk behavior data from consenting VCT clients using a modified version of the national risk assessment questionnaire.
\r\n\u2022 Laboratory tests: HIV status determined by a reference standard including a 4th generation EIA with confirmatory Ab testing, HIV NAAT if 4th gen negative (Roche Amplicor 1.5 Ultra pooled 1:20), and follow-up serology (if initially positive). Recent infections assessed using the BED CEIA assay (Calypte; ODn cutoff=0.8). Subtyping by population sequencing of pol (ViroSeq; Abbott) and phylogenetic analysis.
\r\n\u2022 Statistical analyses: Assessed associations between sociodemographic and behavioral variables and the principal outcomes (HIV infection [prevalent and recent] and HIV subtype) in bivariate analyses using chi-square and Fisher\u2019s exact tests, and in multivariate logistic regression (STATA version 9).
\r\n
\r\nSUMMARY OF RESULTS POPULATION:
\r\n\u2022 1210 AMPLIAR participants, enrolled between October 2006 and August 2007.
\r\n\u2022 46% were female; 50% aged 24 to 40 years; 45% were married. Few reported sex work (7.3%) or injection drug use (0.5%).
\r\nHIV infection: 
\r\n\u2022 HIV seroprevalence was 12.4% (Table 1). 
\r\n\u2022 HIV infection positively associated with being nonwhite, <8 years of education, age, ever married, and being MSM (Table 1); and negatively associated with sex work.
\r\n\u2022 Variables independently associated with HIV included: sexual partner choice (MSM vs.non-MSM; AOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.89\u20136.2), <8 years of education (AOR 1.6, 95% CI, 1.13\u20132.35), and sex work, which was protective (AOR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01\u20130.49) (Table 3). 
\r\nRecent\/acute HIV infection:
\r\n\u2022 29 participants (2.4%) classified as recently or acutely infected (Table 2).
\r\n\u2022 Recent\/acute HIV infection associated with being MSM, and <8 years of education (Tables 2 and 3).
\r\nHIV subtype:
\r\n\u2022 110 (72%) of 152 HIV-infected participants were subtyped: 62% were C, 29% B, and 9% other (F and recombinants) (Figure 2).
\r\n\u2022 Subtype C infection was associated with age >40 and being a heterosexual male vs. MSM (Table 4).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS:
\r\n\u2022 There is an association between subtype C and being heterosexual (vs. MSM) in Southern Brazil.
\r\n\u2022 No evidence of heterosexual and MSM populations being socially and sexually isolated.
\r\n\u2022 Thus, findings suggest that subtype C may be more efficiently transmitted female-to-male, perhaps by preferential shedding in vaginal mucosa (John-Stewart 2005). Alternatively, there may be sexual mixing patterns not captured by behavioral measures.
\r\n\u2022 More specific behavioral data (e.g., at partner and network level), linked to subtyping, is required to understand better the relationship between HIV subtype, partner choice, and type of intercourse.
\r\n\u2022 Analysis of recent infection data suggest that MSM and persons with less formal education continue to be at risk and in need of increased prevention efforts.
\r\n\u2022 Very low rate of HIV infection among sex workers, despite a median of 51\/2000 partners over 12 months (data not shown), may indicate that this group has more effectively adopted prevention strategies, and warrants future study. Limitations
\r\n\u2022 Results obtained from persons seeking HIV testing at VCTs and, as such, are not generalizable to the overall population.
\r\n\u2022 Underreporting of risk behaviors may result in conservative estimates of excess risk associated with HIV infection.
\r\n\u2022 Small sample size of this interim analysis limits our ability to identify associations with subtype C vs. non-C HIV infection.
\r\n\u2022 Some populations at risk of HIV infection may not present for testing at the VCT sites that participated in this study (e.g., sex workers, IDU). Low numbers of IDU are particularly concerning as IDU is a well-recognized risk factor for HIV infection and a prevalent behavior in Rio Grande do Sul.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND:
\r\n\u2022 HIV epidemic in Brazil is has stabilized, with nationwide seroprevalence <1%.
\r\n\u2022 AIDS incidence overall declined 40% between 2000 and 2006.
\r\n\u2022 But recently, the Southern states of Rio Grande do Sul, Paran\u00e1, and Santa Catarina surpassed S\u00e3o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro as the regions most affected by the epidemic. \u2013 In 2006, AIDS incidence was 17 cases\/100,000 in the South, vs. 11.5 in the Southeast (S\u00e3o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro), and 10.1 nationally.
\r\n\u2022 HIV subtype C is now the dominant circulating HIV strain in the south, whereas HIV subtype B still predominates elsewhere in Brazil (Figure 1).
\r\n\u2022 It is unknown whether the co-circulation of subtypes C and B is due to differences in risk behavior, social or sexual mixing, or viral-host interactions such as tissue tropism.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To better understand the epidemiology of infection and the differential spread of HIV subtypes in Southern Brazil, especially the rapid expansion of HIV subtype C infection. We examine prevalent HIV infection, recently acquired HIV, and HIV subtypes in associations with sociodemographic and risk behavior data in a large population of persons attending HIV counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Rio Grande do Sul. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS
\r\n\u2022 Projeto AMPLIAR studies the epidemiology of HIV transmission in South Brazil.
\r\n\u2022 Population: HIV testing clients >16 years old from 4 VCT centers covering 65% of the testing population in Rio Grande do Sul.
\r\n\u2022 Data collection: Pre-test sociodemographic and risk behavior data from consenting VCT clients using a modified version of the national risk assessment questionnaire.
\r\n\u2022 Laboratory tests: HIV status determined by a reference standard including a 4th generation EIA with confirmatory Ab testing, HIV NAAT if 4th gen negative (Roche Amplicor 1.5 Ultra pooled 1:20), and follow-up serology (if initially positive). Recent infections assessed using the BED CEIA assay (Calypte; ODn cutoff=0.8). Subtyping by population sequencing of pol (ViroSeq; Abbott) and phylogenetic analysis.
\r\n\u2022 Statistical analyses: Assessed associations between sociodemographic and behavioral variables and the principal outcomes (HIV infection [prevalent and recent] and HIV subtype) in bivariate analyses using chi-square and Fisher\u2019s exact tests, and in multivariate logistic regression (STATA version 9).
\r\n
\r\nSUMMARY OF RESULTS POPULATION:
\r\n\u2022 1210 AMPLIAR participants, enrolled between October 2006 and August 2007.
\r\n\u2022 46% were female; 50% aged 24 to 40 years; 45% were married. Few reported sex work (7.3%) or injection drug use (0.5%).
\r\nHIV infection: 
\r\n\u2022 HIV seroprevalence was 12.4% (Table 1). 
\r\n\u2022 HIV infection positively associated with being nonwhite, <8 years of education, age, ever married, and being MSM (Table 1); and negatively associated with sex work.
\r\n\u2022 Variables independently associated with HIV included: sexual partner choice (MSM vs.non-MSM; AOR 3.4, 95% CI 1.89\u20136.2), <8 years of education (AOR 1.6, 95% CI, 1.13\u20132.35), and sex work, which was protective (AOR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01\u20130.49) (Table 3). 
\r\nRecent\/acute HIV infection:
\r\n\u2022 29 participants (2.4%) classified as recently or acutely infected (Table 2).
\r\n\u2022 Recent\/acute HIV infection associated with being MSM, and <8 years of education (Tables 2 and 3).
\r\nHIV subtype:
\r\n\u2022 110 (72%) of 152 HIV-infected participants were subtyped: 62% were C, 29% B, and 9% other (F and recombinants) (Figure 2).
\r\n\u2022 Subtype C infection was associated with age >40 and being a heterosexual male vs. MSM (Table 4).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS:
\r\n\u2022 There is an association between subtype C and being heterosexual (vs. MSM) in Southern Brazil.
\r\n\u2022 No evidence of heterosexual and MSM populations being socially and sexually isolated.
\r\n\u2022 Thus, findings suggest that subtype C may be more efficiently transmitted female-to-male, perhaps by preferential shedding in vaginal mucosa (John-Stewart 2005). Alternatively, there may be sexual mixing patterns not captured by behavioral measures.
\r\n\u2022 More specific behavioral data (e.g., at partner and network level), linked to subtyping, is required to understand better the relationship between HIV subtype, partner choice, and type of intercourse.
\r\n\u2022 Analysis of recent infection data suggest that MSM and persons with less formal education continue to be at risk and in need of increased prevention efforts.
\r\n\u2022 Very low rate of HIV infection among sex workers, despite a median of 51\/2000 partners over 12 months (data not shown), may indicate that this group has more effectively adopted prevention strategies, and warrants future study. Limitations
\r\n\u2022 Results obtained from persons seeking HIV testing at VCTs and, as such, are not generalizable to the overall population.
\r\n\u2022 Underreporting of risk behaviors may result in conservative estimates of excess risk associated with HIV infection.
\r\n\u2022 Small sample size of this interim analysis limits our ability to identify associations with subtype C vs. non-C HIV infection.
\r\n\u2022 Some populations at risk of HIV infection may not present for testing at the VCT sites that participated in this study (e.g., sex workers, IDU). Low numbers of IDU are particularly concerning as IDU is a well-recognized risk factor for HIV infection and a prevalent behavior in Rio Grande do Sul.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

O diagn\u00f3stico da infec\u00e7\u00e3o aguda como estrat\u00e9gia de preven\u00e7\u00e3o da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Tend\u00eancias em HIV AIDS, <\/span>vol. 3, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. 5-12, <\/span>2008<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{deSouza2008,
\r\ntitle = {O diagn\u00f3stico da infec\u00e7\u00e3o aguda como estrat\u00e9gia de preven\u00e7\u00e3o da infec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo HIV},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nyear  = {2008},
\r\ndate = {2008-01-01},
\r\njournal = {Tend\u00eancias em HIV AIDS},
\r\nvolume = {3},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {5-12},
\r\nabstract = {Recentemente, surgiram novos dados de car\u00e1ter epidemiol\u00f3gico e biol\u00f3gico que possibilitaram um melhor entendimento do papel e da import\u00e2ncia da IAH na transmiss\u00e3o do HIV. Ao mesmo tempo, novas tecnologias laboratoriais foram introduzidas, as quais, tornaram o reconhecimento da IAH na rotina cl\u00ednica uma realidade. A converg\u00eancia dessas linhas de pesquisa possibilitou que a IAH se tornasse um ponto focal para inova\u00e7\u00e3o na \u00e1rea de preven\u00e7\u00e3o do HIV. Neste trabalho, foram revisados novos dados sobre IAH e m\u00e9todos de detec\u00e7\u00e3o e discutidas as implica\u00e7\u00f5es destes para o desenvolvimento de estrat\u00e9gias inovadoras de preven\u00e7\u00e3o.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2007<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; de Souza, Denise; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral<\/p>

Evaluation of two fourth-generation screening assays for the detection of HIV-1\/2 in dried blood spots<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, <\/span>n\u00e3o CDB052, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Sydney, Australia, <\/span>2007<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Inoc\u00eancio2007,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of two fourth-generation screening assays for the detection of HIV-1\/2 in dried blood spots},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Denise de Souza AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/60651},
\r\nyear  = {2007},
\r\ndate = {2007-07-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention},
\r\nnumber = {CDB052},
\r\naddress = {Sydney, Australia},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: There is an urgent need for simple and highly sensitive HIV screening assays suitable to resource-limited settings. Dried blood spot (DBS) is a reliable method for the collection, transport and storage of samples while fourth-generation EIAs (FGEIA) detect HIV Ab and p24 Ag simultaneously offering greater sensitivity and a shorter window of detection. Combined these systems can improve HIV testing access and performance. We aimed to evaluate two commercially available FGEIAs using a modified protocol for DBS specimens stored for short and long periods.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Two reference HIV panels were obtained from blood donors and HIV patients in southern Brazil. Fifty microliters whole blood\u2013EDTA specimens were transferred to filter paper (S&S 903) and dried and stored at room temperature in zip-lock bags with desiccant for a period of 6 to 15 weeks (short-term=ST) and 17 to 34 weeks (long-term=LT). DBS was screened for the presence of HIV 1\/2 by Genscreen Plus HIV Ag\/Ab (Biorad) and Murex HIV Ag\/Ab Combination (Abbot). DBS was eluted empirically using the same protocol for both assays and tested according to the manufacturer\u00b4s instruction. Performance characteristics were calculated using the reference panel. Results: For ST (HIV- (n=43); HIV+ (n=62)) Genscreen resulted in a sensitivity (Se) 100% (95%CI 92.7-100%); specificity (Sp) 88.3% (95%CI 74.1-99.5%). ST Murex, (HIV- (n=44); HIV+ (n=49)): Se 100% (95%CI 90.9-100%); Sp 88.6% (95%CI 74.6-95.7%). For LT (HIV- (n=192); HIV+ (n=92), Genscreen maintained its performance. LT Murex, (HIV- (n=42); HIV+ (n=39); had optimal Se but poor Sp (11.9% (95%CI 4.4-26.4%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: FGEIA kits can be modified for use with DBS stored for up to 15 weeks, are easy to perform and use equipment found in most laboratories. Definition of elution protocols needs to be tailored to each FGEIA kit to avoid problems with low specificity.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: There is an urgent need for simple and highly sensitive HIV screening assays suitable to resource-limited settings. Dried blood spot (DBS) is a reliable method for the collection, transport and storage of samples while fourth-generation EIAs (FGEIA) detect HIV Ab and p24 Ag simultaneously offering greater sensitivity and a shorter window of detection. Combined these systems can improve HIV testing access and performance. We aimed to evaluate two commercially available FGEIAs using a modified protocol for DBS specimens stored for short and long periods.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Two reference HIV panels were obtained from blood donors and HIV patients in southern Brazil. Fifty microliters whole blood\u2013EDTA specimens were transferred to filter paper (S&S 903) and dried and stored at room temperature in zip-lock bags with desiccant for a period of 6 to 15 weeks (short-term=ST) and 17 to 34 weeks (long-term=LT). DBS was screened for the presence of HIV 1\/2 by Genscreen Plus HIV Ag\/Ab (Biorad) and Murex HIV Ag\/Ab Combination (Abbot). DBS was eluted empirically using the same protocol for both assays and tested according to the manufacturer\u00b4s instruction. Performance characteristics were calculated using the reference panel. Results: For ST (HIV- (n=43); HIV+ (n=62)) Genscreen resulted in a sensitivity (Se) 100% (95%CI 92.7-100%); specificity (Sp) 88.3% (95%CI 74.1-99.5%). ST Murex, (HIV- (n=44); HIV+ (n=49)): Se 100% (95%CI 90.9-100%); Sp 88.6% (95%CI 74.6-95.7%). For LT (HIV- (n=192); HIV+ (n=92), Genscreen maintained its performance. LT Murex, (HIV- (n=42); HIV+ (n=39); had optimal Se but poor Sp (11.9% (95%CI 4.4-26.4%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: FGEIA kits can be modified for use with DBS stored for up to 15 weeks, are easy to perform and use equipment found in most laboratories. Definition of elution protocols needs to be tailored to each FGEIA kit to avoid problems with low specificity.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral; de Souza, Denise; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone<\/p>

Stability of HIV-1\/2 antibodies in dried blood spots stored for up to 13 months under various environmental conditions in Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention., <\/span>n\u00e3o CDB051, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Sydney, Australia, <\/span>2007<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{daMotta2007,
\r\ntitle = {Stability of HIV-1\/2 antibodies in dried blood spots stored for up to 13 months under various environmental conditions in Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio AND Denise de Souza AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/60618},
\r\nyear  = {2007},
\r\ndate = {2007-07-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention.},
\r\nnumber = {CDB051},
\r\naddress = {Sydney, Australia},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: Dried blood spot (DBS) is an affordable and reliable method for the collection, transport and storage of samples for serologic and molecular assays. HIV antibody concentrations in DBS are stable for up to 6 weeks, however, it declines steadly thereafter. Our objective was to evaluate the stability of HIV antibodies in DBS stored for short and long periods under room temperature and controlled conditions.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Four sets of DBS cards originated from a panel (n=10) of HIV positive (n=5) and negative (n=5) specimens from reference whole blood\u2013EDTA were transferred to filter paper (S&S 903) and dried. Cards were placed in zip-lock bags with desiccant and panels were stored in different environments: room temperature (RT), 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C or -70\u00b0C. DBS panels were screened at baseline, 6, 11, 17, 21, 42 and 53 weeks by Q-Preven HIV 1\/2 (Q-preven, Brazil), a validated DBS assay. Humidity and temperature were recorded daily and optical density (OD) ratios were obtained.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: With storage under 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C and -70\u00b0C (humidity <50%) all HIV positive and negative samples remained concordant with stable OD ratios. One low-titer (1\/5) HIV-positive at 4\u00b0C presented a 50% decrease in OD ratio over time, remaining positive. For RT, mean temperature was 22.2\u00b0C (range 27.2 - 12.1). Humidity remained >50% during most of the 53 weeks (mean 59.5%; range 72% - 45%). During the initial 6 weeks, all specimens maintained their serological status. Decrease of OD ratios was seen at 6 weeks with high-titer positives losing reactivity at 11 weeks. Negatives did not change status. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: DBS can be stored effectively for 53 weeks (13.2 months) at 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C and -70\u00b0C and for 6 weeks at room temperature with humidity >50%, simulating field conditions. DBS use for the detection of HIV antibody is a convenient tool for HIV surveillance in remote areas of Brazil.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: Dried blood spot (DBS) is an affordable and reliable method for the collection, transport and storage of samples for serologic and molecular assays. HIV antibody concentrations in DBS are stable for up to 6 weeks, however, it declines steadly thereafter. Our objective was to evaluate the stability of HIV antibodies in DBS stored for short and long periods under room temperature and controlled conditions.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Four sets of DBS cards originated from a panel (n=10) of HIV positive (n=5) and negative (n=5) specimens from reference whole blood\u2013EDTA were transferred to filter paper (S&S 903) and dried. Cards were placed in zip-lock bags with desiccant and panels were stored in different environments: room temperature (RT), 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C or -70\u00b0C. DBS panels were screened at baseline, 6, 11, 17, 21, 42 and 53 weeks by Q-Preven HIV 1\/2 (Q-preven, Brazil), a validated DBS assay. Humidity and temperature were recorded daily and optical density (OD) ratios were obtained.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: With storage under 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C and -70\u00b0C (humidity <50%) all HIV positive and negative samples remained concordant with stable OD ratios. One low-titer (1\/5) HIV-positive at 4\u00b0C presented a 50% decrease in OD ratio over time, remaining positive. For RT, mean temperature was 22.2\u00b0C (range 27.2 - 12.1). Humidity remained >50% during most of the 53 weeks (mean 59.5%; range 72% - 45%). During the initial 6 weeks, all specimens maintained their serological status. Decrease of OD ratios was seen at 6 weeks with high-titer positives losing reactivity at 11 weeks. Negatives did not change status. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: DBS can be stored effectively for 53 weeks (13.2 months) at 4\u00b0C, -20\u00b0C and -70\u00b0C and for 6 weeks at room temperature with humidity >50%, simulating field conditions. DBS use for the detection of HIV antibody is a convenient tool for HIV surveillance in remote areas of Brazil.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; de Souza, Denise; Inoc\u00eancio, Lilian Amaral; Page-Shafer, Kimberly; Spindler, Hilary; Paganella, Machline Paim; Pilcher, Cristopher D.<\/p>

Utilization of HIV RNA tests for infant diagnosis in Brazil, 2000-2006<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention., <\/span>n\u00e3o TUPEB023, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Sydney, Australia, <\/span>2007<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Pilcher2007,
\r\ntitle = {Utilization of HIV RNA tests for infant diagnosis in Brazil, 2000-2006},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Denise de Souza AND Lilian Amaral Inoc\u00eancio AND Kimberly Page-Shafer AND Hilary Spindler AND Machline Paim Paganella AND Cristopher D. Pilcher},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/60686},
\r\nyear  = {2007},
\r\ndate = {2007-07-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {4th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention.},
\r\nnumber = {TUPEB023},
\r\naddress = {Sydney, Australia},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: Early HIV diagnosis in children allows administration of OI prophylaxis and\/or ART to decrease morbidity and mortality, but requires use of viral molecular tests early in life. To understand patterns of access and current standards of HIV RNA test usage in Brazil, we conducted a retrospective analysis using the national SISCEL database.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The Brazilian STD\/AIDS Program developed SISCEL in 1999, a laboratory database which integrates public health laboratories supporting Brazil\u2019s universal ART program. HIV RNA testing records were examined for all children with at least one HIV RNA test before 24 months of age and born between January 2000 and June 2006. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 22,053 HIV exposed children attending 557 clinics were identified. A total of 37,162 HIV RNA tests were performed in 70 public laboratories of the SISCEL network. 88.7% of children had a test before 12 months of age. Although two tests are recommended for early diagnosis, 8,334 (41.8%) children born before 2006 had only one RNA test performed. Mean age at first test was 5.4 months (166 days); and age at first test varied significantly by region. Of the 11,607 (52%) children that had a second RNA test performed, median time between first and second test was 131 days (range:1 \u20131462 days). Median time from specimen collection to results was 15 days. Agreement between first and second test results was 96.2% for RT-PCR, 89.9% for b-DNA, and 83.9% for NASBA. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, where RNA testing is widely available in support of ART, early HIV diagnosis in exposed children using HIV RNA quantitative assays remains challenging. Strategies to encourage earlier and more frequent testing of infants are therefore necessary, especially in underdeveloped areas of Brazil where the system of care is less established.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: Early HIV diagnosis in children allows administration of OI prophylaxis and\/or ART to decrease morbidity and mortality, but requires use of viral molecular tests early in life. To understand patterns of access and current standards of HIV RNA test usage in Brazil, we conducted a retrospective analysis using the national SISCEL database.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: The Brazilian STD\/AIDS Program developed SISCEL in 1999, a laboratory database which integrates public health laboratories supporting Brazil\u2019s universal ART program. HIV RNA testing records were examined for all children with at least one HIV RNA test before 24 months of age and born between January 2000 and June 2006. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 22,053 HIV exposed children attending 557 clinics were identified. A total of 37,162 HIV RNA tests were performed in 70 public laboratories of the SISCEL network. 88.7% of children had a test before 12 months of age. Although two tests are recommended for early diagnosis, 8,334 (41.8%) children born before 2006 had only one RNA test performed. Mean age at first test was 5.4 months (166 days); and age at first test varied significantly by region. Of the 11,607 (52%) children that had a second RNA test performed, median time between first and second test was 131 days (range:1 \u20131462 days). Median time from specimen collection to results was 15 days. Agreement between first and second test results was 96.2% for RT-PCR, 89.9% for b-DNA, and 83.9% for NASBA. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, where RNA testing is widely available in support of ART, early HIV diagnosis in exposed children using HIV RNA quantitative assays remains challenging. Strategies to encourage earlier and more frequent testing of infants are therefore necessary, especially in underdeveloped areas of Brazil where the system of care is less established.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Duran, Adriana S.; Losso, Marcelo H.; Salom\u00f3n, Horacio; Harris, D. Robert; Pampuro, Sandra; Soto-Ramirez, Luis E.; Duarte, Geraldo; de Souza, Ricardo S.; Read, Jennifer S.; for the NISDI Perinatal Study Group,<\/p>

Drug resistance among HIV-infected pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals for prophylaxis<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>AIDS, <\/span>vol. 21, <\/span>n\u00e3o 2, <\/span>pp. 199-205, <\/span>2007<\/span>, ISBN: 1473-5571<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{NISDIPerinatalStudyGroup2007,
\r\ntitle = {Drug resistance among HIV-infected pregnant women receiving antiretrovirals for prophylaxis},
\r\nauthor = {Adriana S. Duran AND Marcelo H. Losso AND Horacio Salom\u00f3n AND D. Robert Harris AND Sandra Pampuro AND Luis E. Soto-Ramirez AND Geraldo Duarte AND Ricardo S. de Souza AND Jennifer S. Read AND for the NISDI Perinatal Study Group},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/aidsonline\/Fulltext\/2007\/01110\/Drug_resistance_among_HIV_infected_pregnant_women.10.aspx},
\r\ndoi = {10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328011770b},
\r\nisbn = {1473-5571},
\r\nyear  = {2007},
\r\ndate = {2007-01-11},
\r\njournal = {AIDS},
\r\nvolume = {21},
\r\nnumber = {2},
\r\npages = {199-205},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To quantify primary resistance mutations (PRMs) among HIV-1-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from HIV-1-infected women enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Argentina, the Bahamas, Brazil, and Mexico (NISDI Perinatal Study) were assayed for PRMs. Eligible women were those enrolled by March 2005 and diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during the current pregnancy, and who received ART for MTCT prophylaxis and were followed for 6-12 weeks postpartum.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 819 women, 198 met the eligibility criteria. At enrollment, 98% were asymptomatic, 62% had plasma viral load < 1000 copies\/ml, 53% had CD4+ cell count > or = 500 cells\/microl, and 78% were ART-exposed (mean duration, 8.0 weeks; 95% confidence interval, 7.1-8.9). The most complex ART regimen during pregnancy was usually (81%) a three-drug regimen [two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor or two NRTIs + one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor). PRMs were observed in samples from 19 (16%) of 118 women that were amplifiable at one or both time points [11\/76 (14%) at enrollment; 14\/97 (14%) at 6-12 weeks]. The occurrence of PRMs was not associated with clinical, immunological, or virological disease stage at either time point, whether ART-naive versus exposed at enrollment, or the most complex or number of antiretroviral drug regimens received during pregnancy (P > 0.1). Of 55 women with amplifiable samples at both time points, PRMs were detected in 11 samples (20%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: PRMs occurred among 16.1% of relatively healthy HIV-1-infected mothers from Latin American and Caribbean countries receiving MTCT prophylaxis.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: To quantify primary resistance mutations (PRMs) among HIV-1-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from HIV-1-infected women enrolled in a prospective cohort study in Argentina, the Bahamas, Brazil, and Mexico (NISDI Perinatal Study) were assayed for PRMs. Eligible women were those enrolled by March 2005 and diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during the current pregnancy, and who received ART for MTCT prophylaxis and were followed for 6-12 weeks postpartum.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 819 women, 198 met the eligibility criteria. At enrollment, 98% were asymptomatic, 62% had plasma viral load < 1000 copies\/ml, 53% had CD4+ cell count > or = 500 cells\/microl, and 78% were ART-exposed (mean duration, 8.0 weeks; 95% confidence interval, 7.1-8.9). The most complex ART regimen during pregnancy was usually (81%) a three-drug regimen [two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor or two NRTIs + one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor). PRMs were observed in samples from 19 (16%) of 118 women that were amplifiable at one or both time points [11\/76 (14%) at enrollment; 14\/97 (14%) at 6-12 weeks]. The occurrence of PRMs was not associated with clinical, immunological, or virological disease stage at either time point, whether ART-naive versus exposed at enrollment, or the most complex or number of antiretroviral drug regimens received during pregnancy (P > 0.1). Of 55 women with amplifiable samples at both time points, PRMs were detected in 11 samples (20%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: PRMs occurred among 16.1% of relatively healthy HIV-1-infected mothers from Latin American and Caribbean countries receiving MTCT prophylaxis.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2006<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

Gomez-Carrillo, Manuel; Pampuro, Sandra; Duran, Adriana; Losso, Marcelo; Harris, D. Robert; Read, Jennifer S.; Duarte, Geraldo; de Souza, Ricardo; Soto-Ramirez, Luis; Salom\u00f3n, Horacio; for the NISDI Perinatal Study Group,<\/p>

Analysis of HIV Type 1 Diversity in Pregnant Women from Four Latin American and Caribbean Countries<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, <\/span>vol. 22, <\/span>n\u00e3o 11, <\/span>pp. 1186-1191, <\/span>2006<\/span>, ISBN: 1931-8405<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{NISDIPerinatalStudyGroup2006,
\r\ntitle = {Analysis of HIV Type 1 Diversity in Pregnant Women from Four Latin American and Caribbean Countries},
\r\nauthor = {Manuel Gomez-Carrillo AND Sandra Pampuro AND Adriana Duran AND Marcelo Losso AND D. Robert Harris AND Jennifer S. Read AND Geraldo Duarte AND Ricardo de Souza AND Luis Soto-Ramirez AND Horacio Salom\u00f3n AND for the NISDI Perinatal Study Group},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.liebertpub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aid.2006.22.1186},
\r\ndoi = {10.1089\/aid.2006.22.1186},
\r\nisbn = {1931-8405},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-12-05},
\r\njournal = {AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses},
\r\nvolume = {22},
\r\nnumber = {11},
\r\npages = {1186-1191},
\r\nabstract = {Worldwide, the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and intersubtype recombinants is not homogeneous. In Latin America and the Caribbean, HIV-1 subtype B predominates. However, in the south of Brazil and in countries of the Southern cone (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay) there is a different distribution of viral subtypes and intersubtype recombinants. The aim of this work was to analyze HIV-1 diversity in a cohort of pregnant women (with primarily heterosexual acquisition of the infection) who were diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during their current pregnancy and who received ARVs during pregnancy for perinatal transmission prophylaxis. Analysis of 121 partial pol sequences from subjects enrolled in Argentina, Brazil, the Bahamas, and Mexico was performed by phylogenetic and recombinant characterization. Different prevalences of subtype B were observed (100% for specimens from Mexico and the Bahamas, 61% for Brazil, and 30% for Argentina). Subtypes C and F were found, along with BC, BF, FC, and CBF recombinants in specimens from Brazilians. A high prevalence of BF recombinants was found (70%) in specimens from Argentina. The different patterns of HIV- 1 subtypes and intersubtype recombinants in South America (Argentina and Brazil) compared to those in Central and North America should be considered in the design of future HIV-1 vaccine trials.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
Worldwide, the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and intersubtype recombinants is not homogeneous. In Latin America and the Caribbean, HIV-1 subtype B predominates. However, in the south of Brazil and in countries of the Southern cone (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay) there is a different distribution of viral subtypes and intersubtype recombinants. The aim of this work was to analyze HIV-1 diversity in a cohort of pregnant women (with primarily heterosexual acquisition of the infection) who were diagnosed with HIV-1 infection during their current pregnancy and who received ARVs during pregnancy for perinatal transmission prophylaxis. Analysis of 121 partial pol sequences from subjects enrolled in Argentina, Brazil, the Bahamas, and Mexico was performed by phylogenetic and recombinant characterization. Different prevalences of subtype B were observed (100% for specimens from Mexico and the Bahamas, 61% for Brazil, and 30% for Argentina). Subtypes C and F were found, along with BC, BF, FC, and CBF recombinants in specimens from Brazilians. A high prevalence of BF recombinants was found (70%) in specimens from Argentina. The different patterns of HIV- 1 subtypes and intersubtype recombinants in South America (Argentina and Brazil) compared to those in Central and North America should be considered in the design of future HIV-1 vaccine trials.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Pilcher, Christopher D.; Eaton, Lisa; Kalichman, Seth; Bisol, Cl\u00e1udia; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Approaching \u201cHIV Elimination\u201d: Interventions for Acute HIV Infection<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep, <\/span>vol. 3, <\/span>n\u00e3o 4, <\/span>pp. 160-168, <\/span>2006<\/span>, ISBN: 1548-3576<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{deSouza2006,
\r\ntitle = {Approaching \u201cHIV Elimination\u201d: Interventions for Acute HIV Infection},
\r\nauthor = {Christopher D. Pilcher AND Lisa Eaton AND Seth Kalichman AND Cl\u00e1udia Bisol AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11904-006-0011-4},
\r\ndoi = {10.1007\/s11904-006-0011-4},
\r\nisbn = {1548-3576},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-11-01},
\r\njournal = {Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep},
\r\nvolume = {3},
\r\nnumber = {4},
\r\npages = {160-168},
\r\nabstract = {Recent observations from several groups suggest that individuals with acute (antibody negative) HIV infections (AHI) may present for \"routine\" HIV testing in unanticipated numbers. Most of these papers have highlighted the use of group testing strategies to screen antibody negative testing sera for HIV RNA using nucleic acid amplification tests. At the same time, accumulating evidence indicates that AHI is a time of briefly, but substantially elevated risk for transmission of HIV. In this paper, we review these new data with attention to their implications for HIV prevention strategies. By calling attention to a subset of patients that are both recently infected and at transiently very high risk of transmitting their new infection to partners, AHI detection makes it possible to use traditional, network notification-based public health strategies effectively in the fight against HIV.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo; Byrne, Julianne; da Silva Souza, Ricardo; B\u00e1rbaro, Adriana A. Tiraboschi; de Souza Marques, Heloisa Helena; Succi, Regina; Serchuck, Leslie K.; Group, NISDI Pediatric Protocol Study<\/p>

HAART in children and adolescents in Latin America: relationship between viral load and clinical characteristics from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) pediatric study<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006), <\/span>n\u00e3o THPE0129, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Toronto, Canada, <\/span>2006<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{NISDIPediatricProtocolStudyGroup2006,
\r\ntitle = {HAART in children and adolescents in Latin America: relationship between viral load and clinical characteristics from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) pediatric study},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo Hugo Oliveira AND Julianne Byrne AND Ricardo da Silva Souza AND Adriana A. Tiraboschi B\u00e1rbaro AND Heloisa Helena de Souza Marques AND Regina Succi AND Leslie K. Serchuck AND NISDI Pediatric Protocol Study Group},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/53179},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-08-13},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006)},
\r\nnumber = {THPE0129},
\r\naddress = {Toronto, Canada},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: A goal of combination antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is to control viral replication to levels below detection, with the intent of decreasing clinical disease progression. Achieving such levels may be less common in children than adults, in part because of the high viral load (VL) in children. We compared 12-month clinical outcome of children on HAART in NISDI by VL (< vs >400 copies\/mL= DETECT vs UNDETECT).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: NISDI is a prospective observational study of HIV-exposed and infected children enrolled at 14 sites in Mexico, Argentina and Brazil. We evaluated the relationship between VL and clinical outcome (defined as any Stage 3\/4 event from 2005 Interim WHO Pediatric Clinical Staging of HIV\/AIDS) in 345 children aged <1-19 years receiving HAART at enrollment and with follow-up for 12 months. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: At enrollment, 36.9% had UNDETECT and 63.1% had DETECT VL. After 12 months of follow-up, 43 of 345 (12.5%) children had Stage 3\/4 events. Among 168 children with DETECT VL both at enrollment and at 12 months (median 16,280 copies\/ml), 13.1% experienced either a Stage 3\/4 event, compared to 8.4% (9\/107) with UNDETECT VL at both time points (p=0.32). There were no differences in frequency of Stage 3\/4 events according to gender or age at HIV diagnosis. Almost half of all events occurred in subjects with normal age-adjusted CD4 cells. More children with UNDETECT VL had CD4 > 25% compared to those with DETECT VL (p<0.01). No deaths occurred during follow-up.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary analysis, ARV-experienced children maintained on HAART with persistently DETECT VL had a similar proportion of disease progression compared to those with UNDETECT VL. These data suggest that ARV-treated children, particularly those with limited therapeutic options, may not require immediate ARV change when they have DETECT VL.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: A goal of combination antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is to control viral replication to levels below detection, with the intent of decreasing clinical disease progression. Achieving such levels may be less common in children than adults, in part because of the high viral load (VL) in children. We compared 12-month clinical outcome of children on HAART in NISDI by VL (< vs >400 copies\/mL= DETECT vs UNDETECT).
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: NISDI is a prospective observational study of HIV-exposed and infected children enrolled at 14 sites in Mexico, Argentina and Brazil. We evaluated the relationship between VL and clinical outcome (defined as any Stage 3\/4 event from 2005 Interim WHO Pediatric Clinical Staging of HIV\/AIDS) in 345 children aged <1-19 years receiving HAART at enrollment and with follow-up for 12 months. 
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: At enrollment, 36.9% had UNDETECT and 63.1% had DETECT VL. After 12 months of follow-up, 43 of 345 (12.5%) children had Stage 3\/4 events. Among 168 children with DETECT VL both at enrollment and at 12 months (median 16,280 copies\/ml), 13.1% experienced either a Stage 3\/4 event, compared to 8.4% (9\/107) with UNDETECT VL at both time points (p=0.32). There were no differences in frequency of Stage 3\/4 events according to gender or age at HIV diagnosis. Almost half of all events occurred in subjects with normal age-adjusted CD4 cells. More children with UNDETECT VL had CD4 > 25% compared to those with DETECT VL (p<0.01). No deaths occurred during follow-up.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary analysis, ARV-experienced children maintained on HAART with persistently DETECT VL had a similar proportion of disease progression compared to those with UNDETECT VL. These data suggest that ARV-treated children, particularly those with limited therapeutic options, may not require immediate ARV change when they have DETECT VL.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

de Souza, Carla Tessari; Maggi, Alice; Bisol, Mariana; Wagner, T\u00e2nia; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

High-risk sexual behavior among undergraduate college students in southern Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006), <\/span>n\u00e3o WEPE0712, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Toronto, Canada, <\/span>2006<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{deSouza2006b,
\r\ntitle = {High-risk sexual behavior among undergraduate college students in southern Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Carla Tessari de Souza AND Alice Maggi AND Mariana Bisol AND T\u00e2nia Wagner AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/51278},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-08-13},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006)},
\r\nnumber = {WEPE0712},
\r\naddress = {Toronto, Canada},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: High-risk sexual behaviors continue to be one of the major factors contributing to the HIV epidemic. Disclosure of HIV serostatus can expand awareness of risk to partners, increase opportunities for risk reduction, enable couples to make informed reproductive health choices and improve access to care and treatment programs. Our objective was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of college students regarding HIV disclosure and sexual risk behavior in order to develop appropriate strategies to encourage healthier and safer sex practices.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 645 undergraduate students were invited to participate in a cross-sectional anonymous survey at Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November to December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions was administered after proper introduction and formal consent to collect information on demographic data, knowledge of HIV transmission, sexual behavior in real and hypothetical situations, prevention and testing behavior. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 635 students participated. 235 (37%) indicated that they would disclose HIV status to their sexual partner, if they were HIV positive but, 257 (40.5%) would not disclose their HIV status and 143 (22.5%) were not sure. Among the 235 that would inform their partner, 72.2% were women and 68.9% were single. Of the 257 that would not disclose their status, 143 (55,6%) reported that they would not use condoms in casual relationships.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of undergraduate students reported that they would not disclose their HIV status nor use condoms in casual relationships. The high potential for spread of HIV among this population emphasizes the failure of current prevention programs in reaching young adults and the need for expanding HIV prevention strategies to include specific programs for youths at all educational levels.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: High-risk sexual behaviors continue to be one of the major factors contributing to the HIV epidemic. Disclosure of HIV serostatus can expand awareness of risk to partners, increase opportunities for risk reduction, enable couples to make informed reproductive health choices and improve access to care and treatment programs. Our objective was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of college students regarding HIV disclosure and sexual risk behavior in order to develop appropriate strategies to encourage healthier and safer sex practices.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 645 undergraduate students were invited to participate in a cross-sectional anonymous survey at Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November to December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions was administered after proper introduction and formal consent to collect information on demographic data, knowledge of HIV transmission, sexual behavior in real and hypothetical situations, prevention and testing behavior. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 635 students participated. 235 (37%) indicated that they would disclose HIV status to their sexual partner, if they were HIV positive but, 257 (40.5%) would not disclose their HIV status and 143 (22.5%) were not sure. Among the 235 that would inform their partner, 72.2% were women and 68.9% were single. Of the 257 that would not disclose their status, 143 (55,6%) reported that they would not use condoms in casual relationships.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of undergraduate students reported that they would not disclose their HIV status nor use condoms in casual relationships. The high potential for spread of HIV among this population emphasizes the failure of current prevention programs in reaching young adults and the need for expanding HIV prevention strategies to include specific programs for youths at all educational levels.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Pilcher, Cristopher D.; Fiscus, Susan; Cachafeiro, Ada; Kerkau, Melissa; Scherer, Luciene; Sperhacke, Rosa Dea; Silva, M\u00e1rcia; Castro, Simone; de Macedo Br\u00edgido, Luiz Fernando; Ryder, Robert W.<\/p>

Rapid and efficient acute HIV detection by 4th generation Ag\/Ab ELISA<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006), <\/span>n\u00e3o TUAB0201, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Toronto, Ontario, Canada, <\/span>2006<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Ryder2006,
\r\ntitle = {Rapid and efficient acute HIV detection by 4th generation Ag\/Ab ELISA},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Cristopher D. Pilcher AND Susan Fiscus AND Ada Cachafeiro AND Melissa Kerkau AND Luciene Scherer AND Rosa Dea Sperhacke AND M\u00e1rcia Silva AND Simone Castro AND Luiz Fernando de Macedo Br\u00edgido AND Robert W. Ryder},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/55301},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-08-13},
\r\nbooktitle = {XVI International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2006)},
\r\nnumber = {TUAB0201},
\r\naddress = {Toronto, Ontario, Canada},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVES: HIV NAAT with specimen pooling can identify Ab-negative acute HIV infections (AHI), but is technologically complex and loses efficiency at high prevalences. Fourth-generation EIAs (FGEIA) detecting HIV Ab and p24 Ag simultaneously have not been directly compared to HIV NAAT for AHI detection.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 933 consenting patients requesting HIV testing at a public HIV clinic in southern Brazil were screened with FGEIA (Genscreen Plus HIV Ag-Ab -Biorad) and NAAT (pooled 1:12). Confirmatory testing used parallel Axsym HIV1\/2 gO MEIA (Abbott), IFA (Bio-manguinhos), Determine RT (Abbott) and WB (Genelabs). FGEA+ but Ab- or WB indeterminate specimens with available serum were confirmed by NAAT. HIV infection was defined by positivity on FGEIA and one or more confirmatory test; AHI was defined by one or more negative antibody test.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: HIV was detected in 183 of 933 specimens (HIV prevalence: 19.6%). Five cases of Ab- negative infection (AHI prevalence: 0.5%) were all detected by FGEIA (Sensitivity (Se) 100.0 (95CI; 97.4,100.0)). FGEIA had no false positives (specificity (Sp) 100.0 (95CI; 99.3,100.0)). Pooled NAAT detected no additional cases.
\r\n #\tFGEIA OD\tMEIA\tIF\tDetermine\tWB\t   HIV NAAT\tSubtype 
\r\n1\tPos (3.136)\tPos\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        Pos  \tPos     \t   CB 
\r\n2\tPos (2.897)\tNeg\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        ND\t        QNS\t         QNS
\r\n3\tPos (0.442)\tNeg\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        ND\t        Pos\t         QNS 
\r\n4\tPos (0.950)\tPos\t     Pos\t     Pos\t       Indet\t        Pos      \t    B 
\r\n5\tPos (1.2)\t        Pos\t     Pos\t    Neg\t        Neg\t       QNS\t         QNS 
\r\n[FGEIA and confirmatory results for cases of AHI]
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In a clinic setting with high HIV prevalence and mixed subtypes in Southern Brazil, HIV antibody tests failed to detect 1 to 3% of confirmed HIV infections. Pooled NAAT offered no advantage over 4th generation EIA screening for detection of AHI. Simpler FGEIA screening detects AHI with sufficient accuracy to make acute HIV based prevention strategies feasible in resource limited settings.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVES: HIV NAAT with specimen pooling can identify Ab-negative acute HIV infections (AHI), but is technologically complex and loses efficiency at high prevalences. Fourth-generation EIAs (FGEIA) detecting HIV Ab and p24 Ag simultaneously have not been directly compared to HIV NAAT for AHI detection.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 933 consenting patients requesting HIV testing at a public HIV clinic in southern Brazil were screened with FGEIA (Genscreen Plus HIV Ag-Ab -Biorad) and NAAT (pooled 1:12). Confirmatory testing used parallel Axsym HIV1\/2 gO MEIA (Abbott), IFA (Bio-manguinhos), Determine RT (Abbott) and WB (Genelabs). FGEA+ but Ab- or WB indeterminate specimens with available serum were confirmed by NAAT. HIV infection was defined by positivity on FGEIA and one or more confirmatory test; AHI was defined by one or more negative antibody test.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: HIV was detected in 183 of 933 specimens (HIV prevalence: 19.6%). Five cases of Ab- negative infection (AHI prevalence: 0.5%) were all detected by FGEIA (Sensitivity (Se) 100.0 (95CI; 97.4,100.0)). FGEIA had no false positives (specificity (Sp) 100.0 (95CI; 99.3,100.0)). Pooled NAAT detected no additional cases.
\r\n #\tFGEIA OD\tMEIA\tIF\tDetermine\tWB\t   HIV NAAT\tSubtype 
\r\n1\tPos (3.136)\tPos\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        Pos  \tPos     \t   CB 
\r\n2\tPos (2.897)\tNeg\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        ND\t        QNS\t         QNS
\r\n3\tPos (0.442)\tNeg\t     Neg\t     Pos\t        ND\t        Pos\t         QNS 
\r\n4\tPos (0.950)\tPos\t     Pos\t     Pos\t       Indet\t        Pos      \t    B 
\r\n5\tPos (1.2)\t        Pos\t     Pos\t    Neg\t        Neg\t       QNS\t         QNS 
\r\n[FGEIA and confirmatory results for cases of AHI]
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: In a clinic setting with high HIV prevalence and mixed subtypes in Southern Brazil, HIV antibody tests failed to detect 1 to 3% of confirmed HIV infections. Pooled NAAT offered no advantage over 4th generation EIA screening for detection of AHI. Simpler FGEIA screening detects AHI with sufficient accuracy to make acute HIV based prevention strategies feasible in resource limited settings.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Duarte, Geraldo; Read, Jennifer S.; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Freimanis, Laura; Ivalo, Silvina; Melo, Victor H.; Marcolin, Alessandra; Mayoral, Claudia; Ceriotto, Mariana; de Souza, Ricardo; Cardoso, Edmundo; Harris, D. Robert; the NISDI Perinatal Study Group,<\/p>

Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in Latin American and Caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus\u20131: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Am J Obstet Gynecol, <\/span>vol. 195, <\/span>n\u00e3o 1, <\/span>pp. 215-229, <\/span>2006<\/span>, ISSN: 1097-6868<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{NISDIPerinatalStudyGroup2006b,
\r\ntitle = {Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity in Latin American and Caribbean countries among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus\u20131: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study},
\r\nauthor = {Geraldo Duarte AND Jennifer S. Read AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin AND Laura Freimanis AND Silvina Ivalo AND Victor H. Melo AND Alessandra Marcolin AND Claudia Mayoral AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Ricardo de Souza AND Edmundo Cardoso AND D. Robert Harris AND the NISDI Perinatal Study Group},
\r\ndoi = {10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.01.040},
\r\nissn = {1097-6868},
\r\nyear  = {2006},
\r\ndate = {2006-05-03},
\r\njournal = {Am J Obstet Gynecol},
\r\nvolume = {195},
\r\nnumber = {1},
\r\npages = {215-229},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Latin America and the Caribbean.
\r\n
\r\nSTUDY DESIGN: Data from a prospective cohort study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The study population consisted of women who were followed for > or = 6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 819 enrollees, 697 women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity (P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test whether cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes is associated with a higher risk of postpartum morbidity than vaginal delivery among women who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Latin America and the Caribbean.
\r\n
\r\nSTUDY DESIGN: Data from a prospective cohort study (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development International Site Development Initiative Perinatal Study) were analyzed. The study population consisted of women who were followed for > or = 6 to 12 weeks after delivery, who had singleton infants, and with a known mode of delivery.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 819 enrollees, 697 women met inclusion criteria (299 vaginal deliveries, 260 cesarean deliveries before labor and before ruptured membranes, 138 cesarean deliveries after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes); 36 women (5%) had postpartum morbidity (18 major, 18 minor). Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity (P = .02). Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for postpartum morbidity according to mode of delivery were cesarean delivery before labor and before ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.5, 2.7]), cesarean delivery after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes (odds ratio, 2.96 [95% CI, 1.3, 6.7]), and vaginal delivery (reference). These results did not differ appreciably with covariate adjustment.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: The rate of postpartum morbidity was low. Mode of delivery was associated with postpartum morbidity, possibly reflecting the larger proportion of minor postpartum morbidity events among those with cesarean delivery after labor and\/or after ruptured membranes.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2005<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; dos Anjos Borges, Luiz Gustavo; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; de Castro, Andr\u00e9a Cauduro<\/p>

Evaluation of \u2018Q-PREVEN\u2019 an HIV-1\/2 Assay Developed Specifically for the Detection of Antibodies on Dried Blood Spots<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005), <\/span>n\u00e3o MoPe15.2C25, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Castro2005,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of \u2018Q-PREVEN\u2019 an HIV-1\/2 Assay Developed Specifically for the Detection of Antibodies on Dried Blood Spots},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Luiz Gustavo dos Anjos Borges AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Andr\u00e9a Cauduro de Castro},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/49089},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-07-24},
\r\nbooktitle = {3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005)},
\r\nnumber = {MoPe15.2C25},
\r\naddress = {Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Simple sampling methods that can be applied under difficult field conditions are needed to expand access to diagnosis and treatment. Q-Preven HIV 1+2 (Symbiosis Diangn\u00f3stica, Brazil), is an enzimeimmunoassay (ELISA) developed for the detection of antibodies against all strains of HIV specifically in whole blood collected and dried on filter paper (DBS). Our objective was to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of Q-Preven. We also evaluated the stability of HIV antibody detection on DBS stored at ambient temperature for a period of 35 days. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 309 sera and DBS samples were collected in parallel from blood donors and patients attending a reference hospital in southern Brazil from December to January, 2005. Samples were tested according to the manufacturer\u00b4s instruction. DBS was screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV by Q-Preven, and sera by ELISA (Cobas Core, Abbott Axsym HIV-1\/2 gO) and HIV RNA reference tests (Bayer bDNA, v3.0). The performance characteristics of Q-Preven were calculated using the reference protocol as the gold standard. Samples with discordant results from the reference were retested in triplicate.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Two hundred and one samples were HIV negative (65%), and 108 were HIV positive (35%) resulting in the following performance data in the first run: sensitivity 100% (95%CI 97.9-100%); specificity 99.5% (95%CI 98.4-99.5%); PPV 99,1%( 95%CI 97%-99%%); NPV 100% (95%CI 98,9-100%). It is noteworthy that the initial discordant sample (false-positive) was retested resulting in triplicate concordant results. Analyses of stability with high titer positive samples demonstrated no decrease over time in the mean OD ratios after 35 days of room temperature storage.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Q-Preven demonstrated high performance characteristics. The requirement of less blood volume, easy storage and transportation make the assay ideal for use in areas where specimens have to be sent to a centralized testing facility, especially in resource limited settings.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Simple sampling methods that can be applied under difficult field conditions are needed to expand access to diagnosis and treatment. Q-Preven HIV 1+2 (Symbiosis Diangn\u00f3stica, Brazil), is an enzimeimmunoassay (ELISA) developed for the detection of antibodies against all strains of HIV specifically in whole blood collected and dried on filter paper (DBS). Our objective was to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of Q-Preven. We also evaluated the stability of HIV antibody detection on DBS stored at ambient temperature for a period of 35 days. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: 309 sera and DBS samples were collected in parallel from blood donors and patients attending a reference hospital in southern Brazil from December to January, 2005. Samples were tested according to the manufacturer\u00b4s instruction. DBS was screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV by Q-Preven, and sera by ELISA (Cobas Core, Abbott Axsym HIV-1\/2 gO) and HIV RNA reference tests (Bayer bDNA, v3.0). The performance characteristics of Q-Preven were calculated using the reference protocol as the gold standard. Samples with discordant results from the reference were retested in triplicate.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Two hundred and one samples were HIV negative (65%), and 108 were HIV positive (35%) resulting in the following performance data in the first run: sensitivity 100% (95%CI 97.9-100%); specificity 99.5% (95%CI 98.4-99.5%); PPV 99,1%( 95%CI 97%-99%%); NPV 100% (95%CI 98,9-100%). It is noteworthy that the initial discordant sample (false-positive) was retested resulting in triplicate concordant results. Analyses of stability with high titer positive samples demonstrated no decrease over time in the mean OD ratios after 35 days of room temperature storage.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Q-Preven demonstrated high performance characteristics. The requirement of less blood volume, easy storage and transportation make the assay ideal for use in areas where specimens have to be sent to a centralized testing facility, especially in resource limited settings.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

de Souza, Carla Tessari; Bisol, Mariana; Maggi, Alice; Wagner, T\u00e2nia; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo<\/p>

Integrating HIV counseling and testing to routine medical care may increase testing rates among undergraduate students<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005), <\/span>n\u00e3o TuPe15.4P08, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{deSouza2005,
\r\ntitle = {Integrating HIV counseling and testing to routine medical care may increase testing rates among undergraduate students},
\r\nauthor = {Carla Tessari de Souza AND Mariana Bisol AND Alice Maggi AND T\u00e2nia Wagner AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/48314},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-07-24},
\r\nbooktitle = {3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005)},
\r\nnumber = {TuPe15.4P08},
\r\naddress = {Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Many HIV-infected persons do not get tested until late in their infection. The development of new testing strategies creates new prospects for expanding testing to identify and treat HIV-infected persons earlier, avoiding new infections and reducing care costs. Our objective was to evaluate HIV testing behaviors and motives to facilitate optimization of testing practices.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Cross-sectional anonymous survey of 645 undergraduate students in Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November to December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions was administered after proper introduction and formal consent to collect information on demographic data, HIV transmission risks prevention and testing behaviors. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Mean age of the 635 eligible participants was 25 years (range 17-56), 68.7% were female, and 73.1% were single. Of the 635 participants, 295(46,5%) reported testing and knowledge of their HIV status. Of the 295 that reported testing, 137 (46.4%) pointed reasons for testing: physician request 36 (26,3%), blood donation 26(19%), curiosity 25 (18,2%), risk of exposure 16(11.7%), partner request 11 (8%), employer request 11(8%) and others 12(8.8%). Although reasons for testing vary, the reasons most frequently mentioned were related to referral by a health care provider (53,3%) Overall, 48,5% of men and 58,2% of women that informed reasons for testing were tested primarily because the test was offered or recommended by a health-care professional.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Most of college students sought testing as consequence of third party request instead of their willingness to do the test. This observation suggests that a better engagement of health care providers on the awareness of the importance of HIV testing may facilitate optimization of testing practices and have a positive impact on testing rates. We speculate that incorporating HIV testing to routine medical care may contribute to reduce the emotional distress associated to HIV testing.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Many HIV-infected persons do not get tested until late in their infection. The development of new testing strategies creates new prospects for expanding testing to identify and treat HIV-infected persons earlier, avoiding new infections and reducing care costs. Our objective was to evaluate HIV testing behaviors and motives to facilitate optimization of testing practices.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Cross-sectional anonymous survey of 645 undergraduate students in Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November to December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions was administered after proper introduction and formal consent to collect information on demographic data, HIV transmission risks prevention and testing behaviors. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Mean age of the 635 eligible participants was 25 years (range 17-56), 68.7% were female, and 73.1% were single. Of the 635 participants, 295(46,5%) reported testing and knowledge of their HIV status. Of the 295 that reported testing, 137 (46.4%) pointed reasons for testing: physician request 36 (26,3%), blood donation 26(19%), curiosity 25 (18,2%), risk of exposure 16(11.7%), partner request 11 (8%), employer request 11(8%) and others 12(8.8%). Although reasons for testing vary, the reasons most frequently mentioned were related to referral by a health care provider (53,3%) Overall, 48,5% of men and 58,2% of women that informed reasons for testing were tested primarily because the test was offered or recommended by a health-care professional.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Most of college students sought testing as consequence of third party request instead of their willingness to do the test. This observation suggests that a better engagement of health care providers on the awareness of the importance of HIV testing may facilitate optimization of testing practices and have a positive impact on testing rates. We speculate that incorporating HIV testing to routine medical care may contribute to reduce the emotional distress associated to HIV testing.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Ceriotto, Mariana; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Duarte, Geraldo; Harris, Robert; R, Aguiar; Warley, Eduardo; Madi, Jos\u00e9 Mauro; C, Zala; Read, Jennifer S.<\/p>

Safety of Receipt of Antiretroviral Drugs during Pregnancy among HIV-1-Infected Women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005), <\/span>n\u00e3o TuPe11.8C01, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Read2005b,
\r\ntitle = {Safety of Receipt of Antiretroviral Drugs during Pregnancy among HIV-1-Infected Women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study},
\r\nauthor = {Mariana Ceriotto AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin AND Geraldo Duarte AND Robert Harris AND Aguiar R AND Eduardo Warley AND Jos\u00e9 Mauro Madi AND Zala C AND Jennifer S. Read},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/48403},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-07-24},
\r\nbooktitle = {3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005)},
\r\nnumber = {TuPe11.8C01},
\r\naddress = {Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Our objectives were to assess the association between ARVs during pregnancy and adverse events through 6-12 weeks postpartum among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants in Argentina, the Bahamas, Brazil and Mexico (NISDI Perinatal Study). This analysis included ARV-na\u00efve women with HIV-1 infection diagnosed during the index pregnancy followed for at least 6-12 weeks after delivery. Maternal clinical (rash, nausea and\/or vomiting, headache) and laboratory (elevated SGPT and SGOT, anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia) adverse events at hospital discharge and at 6-12 weeks postpartum were analyzed.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 743 women enrolled as of October 2004, 289 met the inclusion criteria. Most (91%) had mild clinical disease (CDC Category A) at enrollment. Receipt of ARVs during pregnancy was categorized according to the most complex regimen received: Group1: ZDV alone or 2 NRTIs [43 (15%)]; Group2: 2 NRTIs + 1 NNRTI [132 (46%)]; Group3: 2 NRTIs + 1 PI [105 (36%)]; or none\/other [9 (3%)]. Significant findings at hospital discharge and at 6-12 weeks postpartum included the following. At hospital discharge, anemia was most common in Group1 (57%) vs. Group2 or Group3 (p = 0.002), while leucopenia was least common in Group3 (5.0%) vs. Group1 or Group2 (p = 0.013). At 6-12 weeks postpartum, rash was most common in Group2 (4.8%) vs. Group1 or Group3 (p = 0.034), while headache was least common in Group1 (4.7%) vs. Group2 or Group3 (p = 0.028); elevated SGPT (18.6%) (p = 0.015) and SGOT (16.3%) (p = 0.014) values were most common in Group1 vs. Group2 and Group3.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Significant associations between maternal ARV regimens during pregnancy and clinical\/laboratory abnormalities were observed. Further analyses are underway to more completely characterize toxicities according to ARV regimen.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Our objectives were to assess the association between ARVs during pregnancy and adverse events through 6-12 weeks postpartum among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected women and their infants in Argentina, the Bahamas, Brazil and Mexico (NISDI Perinatal Study). This analysis included ARV-na\u00efve women with HIV-1 infection diagnosed during the index pregnancy followed for at least 6-12 weeks after delivery. Maternal clinical (rash, nausea and\/or vomiting, headache) and laboratory (elevated SGPT and SGOT, anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia) adverse events at hospital discharge and at 6-12 weeks postpartum were analyzed.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 743 women enrolled as of October 2004, 289 met the inclusion criteria. Most (91%) had mild clinical disease (CDC Category A) at enrollment. Receipt of ARVs during pregnancy was categorized according to the most complex regimen received: Group1: ZDV alone or 2 NRTIs [43 (15%)]; Group2: 2 NRTIs + 1 NNRTI [132 (46%)]; Group3: 2 NRTIs + 1 PI [105 (36%)]; or none\/other [9 (3%)]. Significant findings at hospital discharge and at 6-12 weeks postpartum included the following. At hospital discharge, anemia was most common in Group1 (57%) vs. Group2 or Group3 (p = 0.002), while leucopenia was least common in Group3 (5.0%) vs. Group1 or Group2 (p = 0.013). At 6-12 weeks postpartum, rash was most common in Group2 (4.8%) vs. Group1 or Group3 (p = 0.034), while headache was least common in Group1 (4.7%) vs. Group2 or Group3 (p = 0.028); elevated SGPT (18.6%) (p = 0.015) and SGOT (16.3%) (p = 0.014) values were most common in Group1 vs. Group2 and Group3.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Significant associations between maternal ARV regimens during pregnancy and clinical\/laboratory abnormalities were observed. Further analyses are underway to more completely characterize toxicities according to ARV regimen.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; de Souza, Carla Tessari; Maggi, Aline; Bisol, Mariana; Wagner, T\u00e2nia<\/p>

Willingness to Participate in HIV Vaccine Trials Among College Students in Southern Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005), <\/span>n\u00e3o WePe13.13P10, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Wagner2005,
\r\ntitle = {Willingness to Participate in HIV Vaccine Trials Among College Students in Southern Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Carla Tessari de Souza AND Aline Maggi AND Mariana Bisol AND T\u00e2nia Wagner},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/49240},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-07-24},
\r\nbooktitle = {3rd IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (IAS 2005)},
\r\nnumber = {WePe13.13P10},
\r\naddress = {Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {INTRODUCTION: Efficacy trials of candidate HIV-1 vaccines require study populations at high risk of infection who adhere to complex protocols with frequent HIV testing and who are willing to participate. We investigated the willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials and its association with HIV testing experience among college students in southern Brazil. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Cross-sectional anonymous survey of 645 college students in Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November and December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions with hypothetical and real life situations related to sexual behavior, HIV testing experience and willingness to participate in vaccine trials was administered after proper introduction and formal consent. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Mean age of 637 eligible participants was 25 years (range 17-56), 68,7% were female, 73,1% were single and 295 (46,3%) reported having an HIV test. Of 637 participants, 259 (40.7%) indicated that they would definitely be willing to participate in a vaccine trial, 201 (31.6%) reported that they would participate depending on additional information and 178 (27.9%) that they would not participate. Of the ones that definitely would participate, 30% reported having an HIV test. In univariate analysis, there was no association between HIV testing and willingness to participate in a vaccine trial. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Our survey on willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials in this population indicated that 40.7% to 72.3% of the participants would be part of a trial, considering respondents that needed additional information to participate. This finding suggests that college students may be an alternative cohort, suitable for future HIV prevention trials. Addressing barriers and concerns by providing information through appropriate agencies may lead to successful HIV vaccine trials with college students in southern Brazil.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
INTRODUCTION: Efficacy trials of candidate HIV-1 vaccines require study populations at high risk of infection who adhere to complex protocols with frequent HIV testing and who are willing to participate. We investigated the willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials and its association with HIV testing experience among college students in southern Brazil. 
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Cross-sectional anonymous survey of 645 college students in Caxias do Sul, Brazil from November and December, 2004. A questionnaire comprised of single and multiple choice questions with hypothetical and real life situations related to sexual behavior, HIV testing experience and willingness to participate in vaccine trials was administered after proper introduction and formal consent. Privacy was assured to respondents.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Mean age of 637 eligible participants was 25 years (range 17-56), 68,7% were female, 73,1% were single and 295 (46,3%) reported having an HIV test. Of 637 participants, 259 (40.7%) indicated that they would definitely be willing to participate in a vaccine trial, 201 (31.6%) reported that they would participate depending on additional information and 178 (27.9%) that they would not participate. Of the ones that definitely would participate, 30% reported having an HIV test. In univariate analysis, there was no association between HIV testing and willingness to participate in a vaccine trial. 
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: Our survey on willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials in this population indicated that 40.7% to 72.3% of the participants would be part of a trial, considering respondents that needed additional information to participate. This finding suggests that college students may be an alternative cohort, suitable for future HIV prevention trials. Addressing barriers and concerns by providing information through appropriate agencies may lead to successful HIV vaccine trials with college students in southern Brazil.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

Read, Jennifer S.; Cahn, Pedro; Losso, Marcelo H.; Pinto, Jorge; Joao, Esau Custodio; Duarte, Geraldo; D, Chang; Cardoso, Edmundo; Szyld, Edgardo; Korelitz, James; Succi, Regina; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Ceriotto, Mariana; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; Gonin, Ren\u00e9<\/p>

A prospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their infants in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), <\/span>International Antiviral Society USA <\/span>Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Gonin2005,
\r\ntitle = {A prospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their infants in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study},
\r\nauthor = {Jennifer S. Read AND Pedro Cahn AND Marcelo H. Losso AND Jorge Pinto AND Esau Custodio Joao AND Geraldo Duarte AND Chang D AND Edmundo Cardoso AND Edgardo Szyld AND James Korelitz AND Regina Succi AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-02-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI)},
\r\naddress = {Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica},
\r\norganization = {International Antiviral Society USA},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa; Korelitz, James; Pinto, Jorge; L, Cruz; Losso, Marcelo H.; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; Succi, Regina; S, Marzo; D, Chang; Cardoso, Edmundo; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Ceriotto, Mariana; Read, Jennifer S.<\/p>

Infectious disease morbidity among HIV-1-uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study. Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), <\/span>International Antiviral Society USA <\/span>Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Read2005bb,
\r\ntitle = {Infectious disease morbidity among HIV-1-uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study.},
\r\nauthor = {Marisa Mussi-Pinhata AND James Korelitz AND Jorge Pinto AND Cruz L AND Marcelo H. Losso AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Regina Succi AND Marzo S AND Chang D AND Edmundo Cardoso AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin AND Mariana Ceriotto AND Jennifer S. Read},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-02-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI)},
\r\naddress = {Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica},
\r\norganization = {International Antiviral Society USA},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Duarte, Geraldo; J, Jennifer S. Read; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Losso, Marcelo H.; Mayoral, Claudia; D, Chang; Cardoso, Edmundo; Succi, Regina; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; Ceriotto, Mariana; Korelitz, James<\/p>

Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), <\/span>International Antiviral Society USA <\/span>Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Korelitz2005,
\r\ntitle = {Mode of delivery and postpartum morbidity among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study},
\r\nauthor = {Geraldo Duarte AND Jennifer S. Read J AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin AND Marcelo H. Losso AND Claudia Mayoral AND Chang D AND Edmundo Cardoso AND Regina Succi AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Mariana Ceriotto AND James Korelitz},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-02-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI)},
\r\naddress = {Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica},
\r\norganization = {International Antiviral Society USA},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>

Szyld, Edgardo; Gonin, Ren\u00e9; Warley, Eduardo; Cahn, Pedro; Calvet, Guilherme Amaral; Duarte, Geraldo; Melo, Victor Hugo; Korelitz, James; Cardoso, Edmundo; Duran, Adriana; Freimanis-Hance, Laura; Succi, Regina; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; D, Chang; Read, Jennifer S.<\/p>

Receipt of PI-containing HAART during pregnancy and adverse pregancy outcomes (low birth weight, preterm birth) among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, <\/span>International Antiviral Society USA <\/span>Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica, <\/span>2005<\/span>.<\/p>

<\/p>

@conference{Read2005a,
\r\ntitle = {Receipt of PI-containing HAART during pregnancy and adverse pregancy outcomes (low birth weight, preterm birth) among HIV-1-infected women in Latin America and the Caribbean: The NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI) Perinatal Study},
\r\nauthor = {Edgardo Szyld AND Ren\u00e9 Gonin AND Eduardo Warley AND Pedro Cahn AND Guilherme Amaral Calvet AND Geraldo Duarte AND Victor Hugo Melo AND James Korelitz AND Edmundo Cardoso AND Adriana Duran AND Laura Freimanis-Hance AND Regina Succi AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Chang D AND Jennifer S. Read},
\r\nyear  = {2005},
\r\ndate = {2005-02-22},
\r\nbooktitle = {12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections},
\r\naddress = {Boston, Massachusets, Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica},
\r\norganization = {International Antiviral Society USA},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
\r\n

2004<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

de Souza, Carla Tessari; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Bisi, Melissa Cl\u00e1udia; Cavagnoli, Melissa; dos Anjos, Ana Luiza Aver; Pasquali, Paola Barbieri; Bertelli, Marcelo<\/p>

Improved performance after implementation of a quality assurance program in a multisite perinatal HIV research initiative in Southern Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2004), <\/span>n\u00e3o E12789, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Bangkok, Tail\u00e2ndia, <\/span>2004<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Bertelli2004,
\r\ntitle = {Improved performance after implementation of a quality assurance program in a multisite perinatal HIV research initiative in Southern Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Carla Tessari de Souza AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Melissa Cl\u00e1udia Bisi AND Melissa Cavagnoli AND Ana Luiza Aver dos Anjos AND Paola Barbieri Pasquali AND Marcelo Bertelli},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/41192},
\r\nyear  = {2004},
\r\ndate = {2004-07-11},
\r\nbooktitle = {XV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2004)},
\r\nnumber = {E12789},
\r\naddress = {Bangkok, Tail\u00e2ndia},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {ISSUES: Quality assurance is an important part of a research protocol. Poor quality can compromise research results and lead to unrealistic findings. Objectives are to describe the preparation and implementation of a Quality Assurance Program (QAP) in a multicenter research initiative and to evaluate site performance.
\r\n
\r\nDESCRIPTION: University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) is participating in an international Perinatal HIV research initiative coordinating a consortium of four sites in two different cities, 83 miles apart, where most staff never participated in a long term observational study. Sites were invited to present a list of problems and suggestion for the QAP. Site evaluation was based on monthly site performance report (MSPR) provided by the sponsor. MSPR is based on the data received from sites and processed by the US based data center. Acceptable site performance parameter is data retrieval (DR) < 5%. DR is calculated on mistakes: e.g.; missing data, date problems and inconsistencies. We compared overall consortium MSPR results from the three previous months (P1) of implementation with the three subsequent months of implementation (P2).
\r\n
\r\nLESSONS LEARNED: QAP preparation took 20 days. Forms, flowcharts, roles and procedures were developed based on the experience of administrative and sites staff. Implementation is ongoing and reflects a learning period of 7 months. Common mistakes prior to QAP implementation were related to completion of forms and inconsistencies with patient past history. QAP implementation resulted in a significant reduction in DR (P1: 15.56%; P2: 3.24%; (p<0.05) and its success was due to the adaptation of specific site organizational structure and staff involvement.
\r\n
\r\nRECOMMENDATION: QAP is important to assure quality data and should be introduced to the research team before protocol implementation. Also it's important to enforce the message that QAP is not made to police performance but develop research skills and appropriate organizational infrastructure. Continuous monitoring will be conducted to assure QAP compliance.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
ISSUES: Quality assurance is an important part of a research protocol. Poor quality can compromise research results and lead to unrealistic findings. Objectives are to describe the preparation and implementation of a Quality Assurance Program (QAP) in a multicenter research initiative and to evaluate site performance.
\r\n
\r\nDESCRIPTION: University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) is participating in an international Perinatal HIV research initiative coordinating a consortium of four sites in two different cities, 83 miles apart, where most staff never participated in a long term observational study. Sites were invited to present a list of problems and suggestion for the QAP. Site evaluation was based on monthly site performance report (MSPR) provided by the sponsor. MSPR is based on the data received from sites and processed by the US based data center. Acceptable site performance parameter is data retrieval (DR) < 5%. DR is calculated on mistakes: e.g.; missing data, date problems and inconsistencies. We compared overall consortium MSPR results from the three previous months (P1) of implementation with the three subsequent months of implementation (P2).
\r\n
\r\nLESSONS LEARNED: QAP preparation took 20 days. Forms, flowcharts, roles and procedures were developed based on the experience of administrative and sites staff. Implementation is ongoing and reflects a learning period of 7 months. Common mistakes prior to QAP implementation were related to completion of forms and inconsistencies with patient past history. QAP implementation resulted in a significant reduction in DR (P1: 15.56%; P2: 3.24%; (p<0.05) and its success was due to the adaptation of specific site organizational structure and staff involvement.
\r\n
\r\nRECOMMENDATION: QAP is important to assure quality data and should be introduced to the research team before protocol implementation. Also it's important to enforce the message that QAP is not made to police performance but develop research skills and appropriate organizational infrastructure. Continuous monitoring will be conducted to assure QAP compliance.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; de Souza, Carla Tessari; Cavagnoli, Melissa; Bisi, Melissa Cl\u00e1udia; Pasquali, Paola Barbieri; Bertelli, Marcelo; dos Anjos Aver, Ana Luiza; Mitchell, Charles D.<\/p>

Low acceptability of real time HIV counseling and testing among prision inmates in South Brazil<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2004), <\/span>n\u00e3o MoPeC3507, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Bangkok, Tail\u00e2ndia, <\/span>2004<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Mitchell2004,
\r\ntitle = {Low acceptability of real time HIV counseling and testing among prision inmates in South Brazil},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Carla Tessari de Souza AND Melissa Cavagnoli AND Melissa Cl\u00e1udia Bisi AND Paola Barbieri Pasquali AND Marcelo Bertelli AND Ana Luiza dos Anjos Aver AND Charles D. Mitchell},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/41151},
\r\nyear  = {2004},
\r\ndate = {2004-07-11},
\r\nbooktitle = {XV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2004)},
\r\nnumber = {MoPeC3507},
\r\naddress = {Bangkok, Tail\u00e2ndia},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: Inmate populations include a large number of individuals at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to injection drug use, unsafe sex, body piercing and tattooing. Special strategies to identify and prevent HIV infection in these settings are needed. Objective: To assess acceptability of a real time HIV voluntary counseling and testing strategy (RT-VCT) and to describe sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of inmates of a regional prison in South Brazil. We also estimated HIV seroprevalence among participants.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey (n=439) at Pres\u00eddio Industrial de Caxias do Sul in the period of 24 - 27 of February, 2003. Inmates were group counseled and offered RT-VCT (HIV rapid test performed in front of the patient while responding a questionnaire and results given at the same visit). Data on demographics, knowledge of HIV, risk factors for acquisition and their opinion on RT-VCT process was obtained. Testing was conducted preserving confidentiality. After consent, inmates' whole blood was screened for HIV antibodies by InstantScreen Ultra-Rapid HIV-1\/2 (GAIFAR GmbH, Germany).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 439 male inmates, 125 participated (28,5%); (95% CI: 24,3 \u2013 32,9). 102 (81.6%) were white. 68 (54.8%) were single and 54 (43.5%) reported inconsistent use of condoms. The mean age was 28,3 years (SD: 7,5). Mean (median) time of incarceration was 20 (13) months. Mean time for individual counseling and testing: entire group: 28 min, (negatives: 15 min; positives: 39 min). The prevalence of HIV infection was 4,0% (95% CI: 1,3 \u2013 9,1).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Prison environment present a special challenge for the implementation of HIV RT-VCT. Correctional institutions need to offer adequate space and trained personnel to increase RT-VCT participation. Voluntary HIV testing in prison should be encouraged, and inmates should receive appropriate counseling and information to allow realistic assessment of risk and care. We speculate low participation due to stigma in this environment.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: Inmate populations include a large number of individuals at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to injection drug use, unsafe sex, body piercing and tattooing. Special strategies to identify and prevent HIV infection in these settings are needed. Objective: To assess acceptability of a real time HIV voluntary counseling and testing strategy (RT-VCT) and to describe sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of inmates of a regional prison in South Brazil. We also estimated HIV seroprevalence among participants.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey (n=439) at Pres\u00eddio Industrial de Caxias do Sul in the period of 24 - 27 of February, 2003. Inmates were group counseled and offered RT-VCT (HIV rapid test performed in front of the patient while responding a questionnaire and results given at the same visit). Data on demographics, knowledge of HIV, risk factors for acquisition and their opinion on RT-VCT process was obtained. Testing was conducted preserving confidentiality. After consent, inmates' whole blood was screened for HIV antibodies by InstantScreen Ultra-Rapid HIV-1\/2 (GAIFAR GmbH, Germany).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: Of 439 male inmates, 125 participated (28,5%); (95% CI: 24,3 \u2013 32,9). 102 (81.6%) were white. 68 (54.8%) were single and 54 (43.5%) reported inconsistent use of condoms. The mean age was 28,3 years (SD: 7,5). Mean (median) time of incarceration was 20 (13) months. Mean time for individual counseling and testing: entire group: 28 min, (negatives: 15 min; positives: 39 min). The prevalence of HIV infection was 4,0% (95% CI: 1,3 \u2013 9,1).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: Prison environment present a special challenge for the implementation of HIV RT-VCT. Correctional institutions need to offer adequate space and trained personnel to increase RT-VCT participation. Voluntary HIV testing in prison should be encouraged, and inmates should receive appropriate counseling and information to allow realistic assessment of risk and care. We speculate low participation due to stigma in this environment.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>

da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; da Silva. de Souza, Ricardo; Wong, Vicent; G\u00f3mez-Marin, Orlando; Mitchel, Charles D.; Repke, Heinrich H.<\/p>

Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do InstantScreen na rotina, um ensaio ultra r\u00e1pido para a detec\u00e7\u00e3o de anticorpos anti-HIV-1\/2<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>Revista Brasileira de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas (RBAC), <\/span>vol. 36, <\/span>n\u00e3o 2, <\/span>pp. 71-72, <\/span>2004<\/span>, ISBN: 0370-369x<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Repke2004,
\r\ntitle = {Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do InstantScreen na rotina, um ensaio ultra r\u00e1pido para a detec\u00e7\u00e3o de anticorpos anti-HIV-1\/2},
\r\nauthor = {Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Ricardo da Silva. de Souza AND Vicent Wong AND Orlando G\u00f3mez-Marin AND Charles D. Mitchel AND Heinrich H. Repke},
\r\nurl = {https:\/\/www.ucs.br\/ips2\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Avaliacao-do-InstatScreen-na-rotina-um-ensaio-ultra-rapido-para-deteccao-de-anticorpos-anti-HIV.-2003.pdf},
\r\nisbn = {0370-369x},
\r\nyear  = {2004},
\r\ndate = {2004-01-12},
\r\njournal = {Revista Brasileira de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas (RBAC)},
\r\nvolume = {36},
\r\nnumber = {2},
\r\npages = {71-72},
\r\nabstract = {OBJETIVO: Avaliar o InstantScreen Rapid HIV-1\/2 (GAIFAR GmbH, Alemanha), em condi\u00e7\u00f5es de rotina em Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.
\r\n
\r\nM\u00c9TODOS: 781 amostras de soro foram coletadas de doadores de sangue, de pacientes com s\u00ccndrome da imunodefici\u00cdncia adquirida (SIDA), de gestantes e de crian\u00e7as (<12 meses de idade) atendidas em institui\u00e7\u00f5es de sa\u00fade locais. Os testes foram realizados entre o dia 1\u00b0 de abril at\u00e9 20 de dezembro de 2001. O soro foi pesquisado para a presen\u00e7a de anticorpos anti-HIV pelo InstantScreen assim como por testes de refer\u00eancia (Genscreen HIV-1\/2 Version 2, Sanofi Pasteur; ICE HIV-1.0.2, Murex Diagnostics; e Abbott Axsym HIV-1\/HIV-2, Abbott Diagnostics).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTADOS: 780 amostras testadas obtiveram os seguintes dados de desempenho: sensibilidade (IC = 95%) 160\/160 = 100% (98-100%); especificidade (IC=95%) 620\/620=100% (99-100%).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUS\u00c2O: O teste se mostrou de alta confiabilidade. As membranas do teste podem ser removidas, servindo de op\u00e7\u00e3o para a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o permanente. Devido a facilidade de execu\u00e7\u00e3o, o teste \u00e9 adequado para ser utilizado nas mais variadas condi\u00e7\u00f5es de trabalho.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2002<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

da Silva de Souza, Ricardo; da Motta, Leonardo Rapone; Wong, Vicent; Gom\u00e9z-Marin, Orlando; Mitchell, Charles D.; Repke, Heinrich<\/p>

Evaluation of 'InstantScreen', an ultra-rapid HIV1\/2 assay based upon novel technologies for the detection of the HIV antibodies<\/a> Confer\u00eancia<\/span> <\/p>

XIV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2002), <\/span>n\u00e3o TuPeC4890, <\/span>International AIDS Society <\/span>Barcelona, Espanha, <\/span>2002<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@conference{Repke2002,
\r\ntitle = {Evaluation of 'InstantScreen', an ultra-rapid HIV1\/2 assay based upon novel technologies for the detection of the HIV antibodies},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo da Silva de Souza AND Leonardo Rapone da Motta AND Vicent Wong AND Orlando Gom\u00e9z-Marin AND Charles D. Mitchell AND Heinrich Repke},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/www.abstract-archive.org\/Abstract\/Share\/36341},
\r\nyear  = {2002},
\r\ndate = {2002-07-07},
\r\nbooktitle = {XIV International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2002)},
\r\nnumber = {TuPeC4890},
\r\naddress = {Barcelona, Espanha},
\r\norganization = {International AIDS Society},
\r\nabstract = {BACKGROUND: InstantScreen Rapid HIV-1\/2 assay (GAIFAR, Germany), uses novel technologies for antibody detection (OCA-particles) and antibody-capture (epitope-combi-antigens) and detects antibodies against all strains of HIV in 30 seconds irrespective of whether blood, serum or plasma is being used. No specialized equipment, ancillary supplies or storage conditions are required. Internal control and a positive result are read visually as blue dots.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate InstantScreen under routine conditions in Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Methods: 781 sera samples collected from blood donors, patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), pregnant women and children (<12 months of age) attending local health centres. Tests were conducted between April 1, and December 20, 2001. Informed consent and basic demographic information was obtained. Serum was screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV by InstantScreen as well as ELISA reference tests (Genscreen HIV-1\/2 Version 2, Sanofi Pasteur; ICE HIV-1.0.2, Murex Diagnostics; and Abbott Axsym HIV-1\/HIV-2).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 780 samples were tested resulting in the following performance data: sensitivity (95% CL) 160\/160 = 100% (98-100%); specificity (95% CL) 620\/620 = 100% (99-100%). It is noteworthy that a six months old baby born to an HIV-positive mother was tested negative by InstantScreen while two ELISAs and a Western Blot gave a positive result. Six months later, both the reference tests and InstantScreen confirmed the truly sero-negative status of the child.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: InstantScreen was simple to perform and easy to interpret. The reliability of the test exceeds that of most laboratory assays. The test membranes can be removed, providing the option for permanent documentation. Accordingly, the test is suitable for use in virtually any setting.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {conference}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
BACKGROUND: InstantScreen Rapid HIV-1\/2 assay (GAIFAR, Germany), uses novel technologies for antibody detection (OCA-particles) and antibody-capture (epitope-combi-antigens) and detects antibodies against all strains of HIV in 30 seconds irrespective of whether blood, serum or plasma is being used. No specialized equipment, ancillary supplies or storage conditions are required. Internal control and a positive result are read visually as blue dots.
\r\n
\r\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate InstantScreen under routine conditions in Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Methods: 781 sera samples collected from blood donors, patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), pregnant women and children (<12 months of age) attending local health centres. Tests were conducted between April 1, and December 20, 2001. Informed consent and basic demographic information was obtained. Serum was screened for the presence of antibodies to HIV by InstantScreen as well as ELISA reference tests (Genscreen HIV-1\/2 Version 2, Sanofi Pasteur; ICE HIV-1.0.2, Murex Diagnostics; and Abbott Axsym HIV-1\/HIV-2).
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: 780 samples were tested resulting in the following performance data: sensitivity (95% CL) 160\/160 = 100% (98-100%); specificity (95% CL) 620\/620 = 100% (99-100%). It is noteworthy that a six months old baby born to an HIV-positive mother was tested negative by InstantScreen while two ELISAs and a Western Blot gave a positive result. Six months later, both the reference tests and InstantScreen confirmed the truly sero-negative status of the child.
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSION: InstantScreen was simple to perform and easy to interpret. The reliability of the test exceeds that of most laboratory assays. The test membranes can be removed, providing the option for permanent documentation. Accordingly, the test is suitable for use in virtually any setting.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
\r\n

2000<\/h3>\r\n <\/td>\r\n <\/tr>

de Souza, Ricardo S.; G\u00f3mez-Mar\u00edn, Orlando; Scott, Gwendolyn B.; Guasti, Silvia; O'Sullivan, Mary Jo; Oliveira, Ricardo Hugo; Mitchell, Charles D.<\/p>

Effect of prenatal zidovudine on disease progression in perinatally HIV-1-infected infants<\/a> Journal Article<\/span> <\/p>

Em: <\/span>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, <\/span>vol. 24, <\/span>n\u00e3o 2, <\/span>pp. 154-61, <\/span>2000<\/span>, ISBN: 1525-4135<\/span>.<\/p>

Resumo<\/a><\/span> | Links<\/a><\/span><\/p>

@article{Mitchell2000,
\r\ntitle = {Effect of prenatal zidovudine on disease progression in perinatally HIV-1-infected infants},
\r\nauthor = {Ricardo S. de Souza AND Orlando G\u00f3mez-Mar\u00edn AND Gwendolyn B. Scott AND Silvia Guasti AND Mary Jo O'Sullivan AND Ricardo Hugo Oliveira AND Charles D. Mitchell},
\r\nurl = {http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/jaids\/pages\/articleviewer.aspx?year=2000&issue=06010&article=00009&type=abstract},
\r\nisbn = {1525-4135},
\r\nyear  = {2000},
\r\ndate = {2000-06-01},
\r\njournal = {J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr},
\r\nvolume = {24},
\r\nnumber = {2},
\r\npages = {154-61},
\r\nabstract = {OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of prenatal zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis on the course of HIV-1 infection in children by comparing the clinical outcome of infants born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers who did versus those who did not receive ZDV during pregnancy.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Medical records of HIV-1-seropositive mothers and their infants were reviewed retrospectively. Participants were divided according to maternal ZDV use: no ZDV (n = 152); ZDV (n = 139). The main outcome measure was rapid disease progression (RPD) in the infant, defined as occurrence of a category C disease or AIDS-related death before 18 months of age.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: HIV vertical transmission rates were significantly different (no ZDV versus ZDV: 22.3% versus 12.2%; p = .034). Among infected infants, the RPD rate was 29.4% in the no ZDV group compared with 70.6% in the ZDV group (p = .012), and prematurity was significantly associated with a higher risk of RPD (p = .027).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The rate of RPD was significantly higher among perinatally infected infants born to HIV-infected mothers treated with ZDV than among infected infants born to untreated mothers. The decreased proportion of infected infants with nonrapid disease progression in the former group might be related to the ability of ZDV to block intrapartum transmission preferentially and also to nonrapid disease progression resulting from intrapartum transmission.},
\r\nkeywords = {},
\r\npubstate = {published},
\r\ntppubtype = {article}
\r\n}
\r\n<\/pre><\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>
OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of prenatal zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis on the course of HIV-1 infection in children by comparing the clinical outcome of infants born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers who did versus those who did not receive ZDV during pregnancy.
\r\n
\r\nMETHODS: Medical records of HIV-1-seropositive mothers and their infants were reviewed retrospectively. Participants were divided according to maternal ZDV use: no ZDV (n = 152); ZDV (n = 139). The main outcome measure was rapid disease progression (RPD) in the infant, defined as occurrence of a category C disease or AIDS-related death before 18 months of age.
\r\n
\r\nRESULTS: HIV vertical transmission rates were significantly different (no ZDV versus ZDV: 22.3% versus 12.2%; p = .034). Among infected infants, the RPD rate was 29.4% in the no ZDV group compared with 70.6% in the ZDV group (p = .012), and prematurity was significantly associated with a higher risk of RPD (p = .027).
\r\n
\r\nCONCLUSIONS: The rate of RPD was significantly higher among perinatally infected infants born to HIV-infected mothers treated with ZDV than among infected infants born to untreated mothers. The decreased proportion of infected infants with nonrapid disease progression in the former group might be related to the ability of ZDV to block intrapartum transmission preferentially and also to nonrapid disease progression resulting from intrapartum transmission.<\/div>
Fechar<\/a><\/p><\/div>